DIN EN 14274-2013 Automotive fuels - Assessment of petrol and diesel quality - Fuel quality monitoring system (FQMS) German version EN 14274 2013《机动车燃料 汽油和柴油质量评估 燃料质量监测系统(FQMS) 德文版.pdf

1、May 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75

2、.160.20!%$50 a value of t(5%)N-1=2, i.e. one may be 95% confident that the true mean value of the parameter (the average result that would be obtained if the whole population were surveyed) is in the range m . Using data from existing within country fuel surveys estimates of the sample-to-sample sta

3、ndard deviation are made for key fuel parameters. From these the value of is estimated for any sample size (N ). EXAMPLE Super 95 % Aromatics Content: From an earlier survey with 100 samples the following summary results were obtained: Mean=37.7%, Standard Deviation S =4.7% For a sample size N =100

4、94,01007,42 = (A.2) If a sample size of 100 is used, the precision of the mean aromatics (%) will be of the order +/- 0,9% as measured by the 95% confidence interval. Applying formula (A.1) to typical survey data from EU countries it was found that 50 samples gave an adequate level of precision of e

5、stimation of the mean for all stable (non transition) fuel parameters. However the sample size required to estimate the mean with adequate precision was not considered large enough to ensure that representative data was obtained within a country (particularly a larger country). DIN EN 14274:2013-05

6、EN 14274:2013 (E) 12 Annex B (normative) Acceptance criteria for laboratories to be used in the FQMS B.1 Assessment of the laboratory The laboratory shall hold a valid accreditation in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025 for all the test methods required for the monitoring system, or shall have been ap

7、pointed by the national government. B.2 Member of an inter-laboratory correlation scheme The laboratory shall regularly take part in one or more national, European or international inter-laboratory correlation scheme(s). The scheme(s) shall include all the tests to be carried out by the laboratory f

8、or the FQMS. Due to the small number of test engines within Europe, laboratories determining octane number and cetane number should join a scheme with sufficient members so as to ensure that their results are part of a statistically valid data set. The laboratory shall show by reports that it is abl

9、e to produce test results that are within the statistically acceptable limits of the mean of the valid results produced by all the laboratories in the correlation scheme. B.3 Review of inter-laboratory correlation scheme test results Any laboratory that fails to produce results that are within the s

10、tatistically acceptable limits of the mean will be required to carry out a check in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025 and show that corrective action has been taken in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025. If any laboratory consistently produces results that are outside the acceptance limits and cannot d

11、emonstrate that they have rectified the problem, the laboratory shall be removed from the list of acceptable laboratories. DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 13 Annex C (informative) FQMS Design - Using models A, B, C C.1 Model A (Example Italy) Italy is classed as a large country for the purpos

12、es of FQMS and since it uses the macro-region model a minimum of 100 samples per grade are required The administrative regions in Italy are grouped into 5 geographically coherent macro-regions (North-West, North-East, Centre, South, Islands) such that the number of fuel sources (refineries, terminal

13、s, depots) in each macro-region is about the same and the fuel volumes dispensed are of the same order of magnitude. Table C.1 Petrol Italy Macro-regions Italy Macro-regions Fuel consumption (million tons) Variability Factor Proportion of total samples Minimum number of samples per grade North-West

14、5,0 6 - 8 0,29 29 North-East 3,8 7 - 9 0,22 22 Centre 4,0 7 - 8 0,23 23 South 2,8 6 - 8 0,16 16 Islands 1,7 6 - 7 0,10 10 Total 17,3 1,00 100 DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 14 Table C.2 Diesel Italy Macro-regions (retail sites only) Italy Macro-regions Fuel consumption (million tons) Variabi

15、lity Factor Proportion of total samples Minimum number of samples per grade North-West 2,4 6 8 0,26 26 North-East 2,1 7 - 9 0,22 22 Centre 2,2 7 - 8 0,23 23 South 1,8 6 - 8 0,19 19 Islands 0,9 6 - 7 0,10 10 Total 9,4 1,00 100 The proportion of total samples per grade for petrol/diesel in macro-regio

16、n j (pj) is calculated using formula C.1 Vvpjj= (C.1) where vj= total petrol/diesel fuel volume sold per year in macro region j V = total petrol/diesel fuel volume sold per year in country The number of samples per macro-region nj is calculated using formula C.2 Npnjj= (C.2) whereN =Total number of

17、samples required within country If it is decided to collect more than the minimum number of samples then the proportionality of samples to volumes within each macro-region should be maintained. C.2 Model B (Example Germany) Germany is divided into 16 Political regions without consideration of supply

18、 patterns. Since Germany is classed as a large country for the purpose of FQMS, a minimum of 200 samples per grade is required. The proportion of samples per region and the number of samples per region are calculated using formulae (C.1) and (C.2). DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 15 Table C.3

19、 Petrol Germany Non Macro-regions Germany Non Macro-regions Fuel Consumption (Petrol all grades) (million tons) Proportion of total sample Minimum number of samples per grade Baden-Wrttemberg 4,1 0,13 27 Bayern 5,2 0,17 34 Berlin 0,8 0,03 5 Brandenburg 0,9 0,03 6 Bremen 0,2 0,01 1 Hamburg 0,5 0,02 3

20、 Hessen 2,7 0,09 17 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 0,6 0,02 4 Niedersachsen 3,1 0,10 20 Nordhein-Westfalen 6,5 0,21 43 Rheinland Pfalz 1,7 0,06 11 Saarland 0,4 0,01 3 Sachsen 1,3 0,04 9 Sachsen Anhalt 0,8 0,03 5 Schleswig Holstein 1,0 0,03 7 Thringen 0,7 0,02 5 Total 30,4 1,00 200 DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14

21、274:2013 (E) 16 Table C.4 Diesel Germany Non Macro-regions Germany Non Macro-regions Fuel Consumption (Diesel all grades) (million tons) Proportion of total sample Minimum number of samples per grade Baden-Wrttemberg 3,4 0,13 25 Bayern 4,7 0,17 35 Berlin 0,6 0,02 4 Brandenburg 1,0 0,04 7 Bremen 0,2

22、0,01 1 Hamburg 0,6 0,02 4 Hessen 2,1 0,08 15 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 0,7 0,03 5 Niedesachsen 3,0 0,11 22 Nordhein-Westfalen 5,3 0,19 39 Rheinland Pfalz 1,4 0,05 10 Saarland 0,3 0,01 2 Sachsen 1,1 0,04 8 Sachsen Anhalt 0,8 0,03 6 Schleswig Holstein 1,1 0,04 8 Thringen 0,8 0,03 6 Total 27,1 1,00 200 C.

23、3 Model C (Example Luxembourg) For the purposes of FQMS, Luxembourg may be considered as a small country made up of one region. A minimum of 50 samples per grade will be required from the whole country. DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 17 Annex D (normative) Process flowchart Process flowchart

24、 part 1 Make available all needed basic datasets:- Fuel and supply patterns, sales volumes, etc. (see x.x)- Lists for retail sites (STR) and commercial (COM) sites (see x.x, y.y)- Volume factors- geographical factors, regions, census data, etc.Calculate sample numbersfor grades with 10%For Dieselget

25、 volume split (in %)between retail andcommercial sitesSplit per regionfeasible?NO NOYES YESCalculateminimum samplesnumber for retail andcommercial sitesreal volume split foreach region is knownCalculateminimum samplesnumber for retail andcommercial sitesreal volume split forwhole country is knownCal

26、culateminimum samplesnumber for retail andcommercial sitesASSUME :Retail“ = 50 %,Commercial = 50 %Split per countryfeasible?For each region (i) are now established : minimum sample size(round to nearest integers)Minimum number of Petrol samples N (i, Retail Petrol)Minimum number of Diesel samples fr

27、om Retail“ N (i, Retail Diesel)Minimum number of Diesel samples from Commercial“ N (i, commercial Diesel)Check, for each grade and for each region :If sample number is less than 1then reset it to 1DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 19 Annex E (Informative) Recommended reporting formats for the f

28、inal report E.1 Introduction The final report for any one country can contain two or more sections, in which all necessary information and data is given to allow a reliable judgement on the fuel quality in that country. The complete report shall consist of two parts, one for each season (summer and

29、winter, see 3.6 and 3.7). E.2 General section The general section of the final report shall adequately describe the necessary general information about the executed FQMS system. Since layout and administrative details about execution of the FQMS system may differ from country to country, no specific

30、 format for this part of the final report is defined for the general section. The final report shall, however, contain information about: The European Member State having executed the FQMS; Season of the year (summer, winter) and specific time periods in which the FQMS has been executed; A complete

31、list of the fuel grades (see 3.1) in its territory; Statistical model (model A, B, C), including any additional provisions made; Information and identification of the defined regions; Volume information per country and per fuel grade, and their breakdown into regional sample numbers; Number of sampl

32、es taken per fuel grade per region; Any other information deemed necessary to give a reliable description about the executed FQMS, like the organisation(s) responsible for compiling the report, etc. E.3 Analytical section This section of the final report shall contain, separately for each fuel grade

33、 (see 3.2), a detailed list of analytical results for each parameter which has been analysed, including information necessary for unambiguous identification of the fuel grades as well as information about the time periods in which the samples have been taken and analysed. The data shall be reported

34、using the appropriate format(s) defined in Tables E.1 and E.2. DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 20 Table E.1 Analytical report form FQMS according to EN 14274 Market Fuels used in Vehicles with Spark Ignition Engines - EN 228 Parameter Unit Analytical and statistical results Limiting value1)Te

35、st method 2)National Specification, if any According to 98/70/EC Annex I No of samples Min. Max. Mean Standard deviation Min. Max. Min. Max. Method Date Research Octane number - Motor Octane number - Vapour pressure, DVPE kPa Distillation : - evaporated at 100 C - evaporated at 150 C %(V/V) %(V/V) H

36、ydrocarbon Analysis : - olefins - aromatics - benzene %(V/V) %(V/V) %(V/V) Oxygen content %(m/m) Oxygenates : Methanol Ethanol Iso-propyl alcohol Tert-butyl alcohol Iso-butyl alcohol Ethers containing 5 or more carbon atoms per molecule - other oxygenates %(V/V) %(V/V) %(V/V) %(V/V) %(V/V) %(V/V) %(

37、V/V) Sulfur content mg/kg Lead content g/l Manganese content mg/l Sample Numbers in Month Total : 1) The limiting values are “true values“ according to EN ISO 4259. The results of individual measurements shall be interpreted following the criteria described in EN ISO 4259. 2) Methods and dates are t

38、hose listed in the latest edition of EN 228. January April July October February May August November March June September December Unleaded petrol Country : Fuel grade : Parent grade: National Specification : Period - Year : DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 21 Country : Fuel grade : Parent gra

39、de: National Specification :Period - Year : Table E.2 Analytical report form FQMS according to EN 14274 Market Fuels used in Vehicles with Compression Ignition Engines EN 590 Parameter Unit Analytical and statistical results Limiting value 1)Test method 2)National Specifications if any According to

40、Specification 98/70/EC Annex II No of samples Min. Max. Mean Standard deviation Min. Max Min. Max. Method Date Cetane number - Density at 15 C kg/m3Distillation 95% Point C Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons %(m/m) Sulfur content mg/kg FAME content % (V/V) Sample Numbers in Month 1) 2) The limiting va

41、lues are “true values“ according to EN ISO 4259. The results of individual measurements shall be interpreted following the criteria described in EN ISO 4259. Methods and dates are those listed in the latest edition of EN 590. January July February August March September April October May November Ju

42、ne December Total : Diesel Fuel DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 22 E.4 Macro Region Approach The simplest way to sample from a country is to split the country into regions and randomly select sampling points within each region (the number selected per region weighted proportionally to the fue

43、l volumes sold within each region). However this will not necessarily be the most efficient approach as two regions of the same size may show very different fuel variations due to the supply situations within the regions. To overcome this problem regions are grouped into Macro Regions so that within

44、 each Macro region the number of supply points is the same or nearly the same (see also Figure E.1). Thus ensuring that variation in fuel quality due to supply is captured most efficiently. It was recognised that the Macro Region approach would not be applicable in all countries and in these countri

45、es a larger sample would be required to compensate. From statistical experience (see also the Foreword) it was felt that for countries where the Macro region approach could be implemented 100 samples for large countries and 50 samples for small countries was an acceptable minimum sample size (model

46、A). For countries where Macro regions could not be formed 200 and 100 samples were the recommended minimum sample size (model B) with an exceptional case of 50 samples per country for very small countries with no regional breakdown. DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 23 Figure E.1 Explanation of

47、 the Macro Region Approach DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 24 Figure E.1 (continued) Explanation of the Macro Region Approach DIN EN 14274:2013-05 EN 14274:2013 (E) 25 Bibliography 1 Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of

48、 petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC 2 Directive 2003/17/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 March 2003 amending Directive 98/70/EC relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC 3 Directive 2009/30/EC of the

49、 European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 98/70/EC amending Directive 98/70/EC as regards the specification of petrol, diesel and gas oil and introducing a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and amending Council Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the specification of fuel used by inland waterway vessels and repealing Directive 93/12/EEC 4 Directive 2011/63/EU of the European Parliam