1、June 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 9
2、1.100.15!%NK“2024340www.din.deDDIN EN 14617-13Agglomerated stone Test methods Part 13: Determination of electrical resistivity;English version EN 14617-13:2013,English translation of DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06Knstlich hergestellter Stein Prfverfahren Teil 13: Bestimmung des spezifischen elektrischen Wi
3、derstands;Englische Fassung EN 14617-13:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06Pierre agglomre Mthodes dessai Partie 13: Dtermination de la rsistivit lectrique;Version anglaise EN 14617-13:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06SupersedesDIN EN 14617-13:2005-06www.beuth.deD
4、ocument comprises 1 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.80 136.DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 14617-13:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246 Natural stones“(Sec
5、retariat: UNI, Italy). At present a DIN committee does not exist for this standard since the parties concerned have not shown any interest in work on the subject. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 14617-13:2005-06 as follows: a) Annex C Determination of DC volume resistance and resistivit
6、y and the corresponding electrical conductance and conductivity“has been added; b) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN EN 14617-13: 2005-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14617-13 April 2013 ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 14617-13:2005English Version A
7、gglomerated stone - Test methods - Part 13: Determination of electrical resistivity Pierre agglomre - Mthodes dessai - Partie 13 : Dtermination de la rsistivit lectrique Knstlich hergestellter Stein - Prfverfahren - Teil 13: Bestimmung des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands This European Standard
8、 was approved by CEN on 1 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such n
9、ational standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own la
10、nguage and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Gree
11、ce, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG
12、Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14617-13:2013: EEN 14617-13:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Principle 4 4 Terms and
13、definitions and symbols 4 5 Sampling and test specimen preparation .5 6 Specimen conditioning .5 7 Electrode system and measuring equipment .6 8 Procedure .6 9 Expression of results 6 10 Report .7 Annex A (informative) DC electrical conduction and polarisation phenomena in insulating materials 10 An
14、nex B (informative) Statistical evaluation of test results. 12 B.1 Scope . 12 B.2 Symbols and definitions 12 B.3 Statistical evaluation of test results . 12 Annex C (informative) Determination of DC volume resistance and resistivity and the corresponding electrical conductance and conductivity . 14
15、C.1 Scope . 14 C.2 Test specimen preparation 14 C.3 Specimen conditioning 14 C.4 Electrode system and measuring equipment 14 C.5 Procedure 14 C.6 Expression of results . 15 C.7 Report 15 Bibliography . 16 DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06 EN 14617-13:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14617-13:2013) has be
16、en prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246 “Natural stones”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national stan
17、dards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14
18、617-13:2005. Clauses 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 have been modified and a new Annex C has been added since the last edition of this European Standard. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for test methods for agglomerated stones which includes the following: Part 1: Determination of apparent
19、 density and water absorption Part 2: Determination of flexural strength (bending) Part 4: Determination of the abrasion resistance Part 5: Determination of freeze and thaw resistance Part 6: Determination of thermal shock resistance Part 8: Determination of resistance to fixing (dowel hole) Part 9:
20、 Determination of impact resistance Part 10: Determination of chemical resistance Part 11: Determination of linear thermal expansion coefficient Part 12: Determination of dimensional stability Part 13: Determination of electrical resistivity Part 15: Determination of compressive strength Part 16: De
21、termination of dimensions, geometric characteristics and surface quality of modular tiles According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Cze
22、ch Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdo
23、m. DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06 EN 14617-13:2013 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard covers the determination of DC insulation resistance, surface resistance and resistivity, and the corresponding electrical conductance and conductivity of specimens of agglomerated stone products conforming to the defin
24、ition reported in EN 14618. These products are usually made by stone aggregates bound via either resin and filler or cement and water (paste components), or a mixture of polymer/cement and related addition (such as reinforcing fibres, electrically insulating/conducting fillers, etc.). Resistivity/co
25、nductivity may also be used as an indirect measure of some properties of agglomerated stone products (see Annex A - informative). Volume resistance and resistivity test method and the corresponding electrical conductance and conductivity of specimens of agglomerated stone products are also included
26、(see Annex C - informative). 2 Normative references Not applicable. 3 Principle The resistance/conductance of an agglomerated stone specimen is evaluated by the measurement of direct current (DC) flow in the specimen under specified conditions by appropriate electrode systems. The resistivity/conduc
27、tivity shall be calculated from specimen and electrode dimensions and shapes. 4 Terms and definitions and symbols 4.1 insulation resistance = ohm insulation resistance between two electrodes that are in electrical contact with an agglomerated stone specimen, calculated as the ratio of the direct vol
28、tage applied to the electrodes to the total current flowing between them Note 1 to entry: It is dependent upon the shape and size as well as the volume and surface resistance of the specimen. 4.2 surface resistance Rs() surface resistance between two electrodes that are in electrical contact with th
29、e surface of an agglomerated stone specimen, calculated as the ratio of the direct voltage applied to the electrodes to that portion of the current between them which is primarily distributed on the specimen surface and a thin material layer beneath the specimen surface Note 1 to entry: Surface cond
30、uctivity cannot be accurately known, only conventionally, because more or less volume contribution is usually involved in the measurement, depending on the nature of the specimen and environment. 4.3 surface resistivity s() surface resistivity of the agglomerated stone material, which is calculated
31、as the ratio of the potential gradient parallel to the current direction along its surface to the current per unit width of the surface DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06 EN 14617-13:2013 (E) 5 4.4 surface conductivity s (-1) reciprocal of the surface resistivity 4.5 volume resistance Rv() volume resistance be
32、tween two electrodes that are in electrical contact with a specimen, calculated as the ratio of the direct voltage applied to the electrodes to that portion of the current between them that flows only through the volume of the specimen 4.6 volume resistivity v (m) volume resistivity of the agglomera
33、ted stone material, which is calculated as the ratio of the potential gradient, parallel to the current direction in the material, to the current density EXAMPLE The charge carriers flow through the specimen, charge flowing in the unit time across the unit surface area normal to the current directio
34、n. 4.7 volume conductivity v(-1m-1= S/m S = siemens) reciprocal of the volume resistivity 5 Sampling and test specimen preparation Sampling is not the responsibility of the test laboratory, unless otherwise agreed. It shall be appropriate to agglomerated stone consignment. Whenever possible, the ran
35、dom sampling method shall be used. Test specimens shall, however, be representative of the agglomerated stone sample and can be directly obtained from laboratory moulding and curing according to a detailed procedure (properly described in the test report) and/or core samples taken “in situ“ and cut
36、to proper size for the measuring apparatus. The surfaces shall be honed or polished. The test specimen may have any practical shape allowing the use of a proper three terminal electrodes system, according to the electrode assembly schematically shown in Figure 1 for flat test specimens. Sheet specim
37、ens like those illustrated in Figure 1 should exhibit a thickness exceeding by 20 % the largest stone fragments size used in the agglomerated stone, and a diameter of 20 mm to 160 mm according to the resistivity of the tested material. At least five test specimens shall be selected by sampling. 6 Sp
38、ecimen conditioning Measurements shall be made on either room-conditioned (23 2) C and (50 10) % R.U. or dried specimens. In the first case, specimens shall be measured after proper conditioning (24 h at least) in the measuring environment according to other existing standard conditioning procedures
39、. In the latter case, specimen should be dried to constant weight in a circulating-air oven at (50 2) C (i.e. difference 4 th g 2 th Key d0 internal diameter of the electrodes th thickness of the specimen g width of the guard gap 1 measuring or guarded electrode 2 high voltage electrode 3 guard elec
40、trode D diameter of the electrodes Figure 1 Three-terminal electrode configuration of measuring surface resistance/conductance DIN EN 14617-13:2013-06 EN 14617-13:2013 (E) 9 Key V voltage S specimen E electrometer Rc resistance Figure 2 Voltmeter-ammeter method using an electrometer (schematic) DIN
41、EN 14617-13:2013-06 EN 14617-13:2013 (E) 10 Annex A (informative) DC electrical conduction and polarisation phenomena in insulating materials Resistivity/conductivity in electrically insulating bodies may be used as an indirect measure of static charging, moisture content, mechanical continuity and
42、damages of various types, as well as of the effects of fibres (steel, glass, polymer, etc.), fillers (calcium carbonate, conducting, semiconducting and insulating powders, etc.), cement and polymers content on their properties. Resin addition or cement substitution by resin in cement bound agglomera
43、ted stone products usually results in a remarkable conductivity decrease and may lead to accumulation of electrostatic charges on the body surfaces. Polarised electrostatic charges are dangerous in risk environments, such as in the presence of flammable gases, vapours and fine powders suspended in a
44、ir (e.g. sugar, coal, flour, condensed milk, metal) where explosions may take place, in electronic equipments and plants (where blackout can arise), in surgery rooms and annexes (where some kinds of disinfectants and anaesthetics can cause fire and explosions) and similar ones. On the other hand, de
45、crease in conductivity may be favourable where high electrical insulation is required. Measurement of electrical conductivity/resistivity of agglomerated stones proves therefore to be very useful for building and architectural use. Resistivity/conductivity of insulating materials depends on temperat
46、ure, humidity, electrification time and applied voltage. These parameters should be accurately known to make the measured value reliable. In particular, humidity content should be known, as it contributes to electrical conduction processes by releasing protons. The electrical behaviour of insulating
47、 materials is indeed very different from that of electrically conducting and semiconducting materials. The very low concentration of electronic charge carriers makes electrical conduction to be contributed only by ionic migration and polarised atomic and molecular groups vibration and local motion u
48、nder the external electrical field. These phenomena give rise to electrical conduction processes which greatly depend on time; macroscopic relaxation processes are then revealed by the measurement of transient electrical phenomena as a function of time in bulk material. A steady state bulk polarisat
49、ion in the material can be sketched as in Figure A.1 under a constant electrical field in a common voltmeter-ammeter testing method. It should be noticed that the elementary charge separation depicted in the figure occurs in the material during a time largely depending on both the nature of charge carriers and material microstructure, leading to the so-called leakage current Ic after a very long time. Key V voltmeter A ammeter 1 switch position 2 switch position Figure A.1 Electrical pol
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