DIN EN 15323-2007 Bitumen and bituminous binders - Accelerated long-term ageing conditioning by the rotating cylinder method (RCAT) german version EN 15323 2007《沥青和沥青粘合剂 用旋转柱体法(RCA.pdf

1、July 2007DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 12No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.140; 91.100.50!,yeD“98

2、66633www.din.deDDIN EN 15323Bitumen and bituminous binders Accelerated long-term ageing/conditioning by the rotating cylindermethod (RCAT)English version of DIN EN 15323:2007-07Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel Beschleunigte Langzeit-Alterung mit dem Verfahren mit rotierendem Zylinder (RCAT)Eng

3、lische Fassung DIN EN 15323:2007-07www.beuth.deDocument comprises 23 pages09.07DIN EN 15323:2007-07 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR (France). The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation we

4、re the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engi-neering Standards Committee), Joint Committee NA 062-03-32 GA Bitumen; Prfverfahren und Anforderun-gen fr die Bindemittel. EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCH

5、E NORMEN 15323April 2007ICS 91.100.50English VersionBitumen and bituminous binders - Accelerated long-termageing/conditioning by the rotating cylinder method (RCAT)Bitumes et liants bitumineux -Vieillissement/conditionnement long-terme acclr par lamthode du cylindre tournant (RCAT)Bitumen und bitume

6、nhaltige Bindemittel - BeschleunigteLangzeit-Alterung mit dem Verfahren mit rotierendemZylinder (RCAT)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStanda

7、rd the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, G

8、erman). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech R

9、epublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE

10、NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15323:2007: EEN 15323:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative ref

11、erences 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Procedure .7 7 Precision.9 8 Report .10 Annex A (normative) Short-term ageing/conditioning with the RCAT device (RCAT163).16 Annex B (normative) Preparation of a mastic sample to be aged in the RCAT device .18 Annex C (informative) I

12、nspections and verifications 19 Bibliography 21 EN 15323:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15323:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, eit

13、her by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2007. This European Standard is based upon documents 1, 2 and 3, referenced in Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal

14、Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,

15、Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 15323:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies an accelerated ageing/conditioning procedure for bitumen, bituminous binders and bituminous mastics. The procedure involves

16、rotating cylinder ageing (RCA), i.e binder ageing at moderate temperatures in a large cylinder rotating in an oven under oxygen flow conditions. Prior to long-term ageing with this method, samples are prepared in the condition they would be applied to the road. This method is also applicable to modi

17、fied binders and bituminous mastics. NOTE For binders used in hot asphalt applications pre-conditioning of the sample would typically be by one of the methods given in EN 12607-1 or EN 12607-2 or directly in the RCAT cylinder to an equivalent ageing level. For binders used in bituminous emulsion and

18、 cut-back application, stabilising the sample would typically be by methods given in EN 14895. For bituminous emulsion, stabilising the sample can also be realised directly in the RCAT cylinder under a nitrogen flow (quantity-temperature-time have still to be experienced). WARNING Use of this docume

19、nt can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment, in particular, the use of a flow of oxygen as ageing atmosphere. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate

20、health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. If there is a likelihood that more than 1 % mass fraction in a binder of volatile components is present, this procedure must not be used. 2 Normative references The following referenced standards are

21、indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders Preparation of test samples EN 12607-1

22、, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of the resistance to hardening under the influence of heat and air Part 1: RTFOT method EN 12607-2, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of the resistance to hardening under the influence of heat and air Part 2: TFOT method EN 14895, Bitumen and

23、 bituminous binders Stabilisation of binder from bituminous emulsions or from cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 rotating cylinder ageing test RCAT ageing procedure performed using a rotatin

24、g cylinder 3.2 short-term ageing/conditioning conditioning a binder undergoes during the method described in EN 12607-1 and EN 12607-2 or directly in the rotating cylinder to an equivalent level of ageing EN 15323:2007 (E) 5 NOTE 1 Short-term ageing/conditioning simulates the hardening which a bitum

25、inous binder undergoes during the mixing in an asphalt mixing plant NOTE 2 See Annex A 3.3 stabilisation conditioning of the binders from bituminous emulsions, cut-back or fluxed bitumen to produce residual binders to further determine their characteristics NOTE E.g. the procedure described in EN 14

26、895 3.4 long-term ageing ageing that the binder undergoes during its service life 3.5 accelerated long-term ageing conditioning simulated long-term ageing that the binder undergoes during the accelerated rotating cylinder ageing procedure. NOTE 1 In the case of hot-mix asphalt binders the long-term

27、ageing is carried out on binders that have already been conditioned through short-term ageing/conditioning. NOTE 2 In the case of bituminous emulsions or cut-back or fluxed bitumen the long-term ageing is carried out on binders that have already been conditioned through the stabilisation procedure 3

28、.6 mastic homogenous mixture of filler and bituminous binder NOTE 1 The mixture can be prepared directly in the rotating cylinder NOTE 2 See Annex B 4 Principle A rotating film of binder is heated to a specified temperature under a specified rotation speed and under a specified oxygen flow for a giv

29、en period of time. This is to simulate the changes that occur to the binder during service (pavement or other bituminous applications, e.g. roofing).The standard procedure is RCAT90 as described in Subclause 6.4. For other purposes, e.g. research, other conditions may be used. The effects of this ag

30、eing procedure are evaluated on the residual binder after the test. However, as samples can be taken at intermediate exposure times, the ageing process can be monitored on the basis of a kinetic approach. NOTE Ageing of binders during service is affected by ambient temperature and air pressure as we

31、ll as by mixture-associated variables such as volumetric mixture proportions, mixture permeability, aggregate properties and other factors. This procedure is intended to provide an evaluation of the relative ageing behaviour of binders under specified conditions, but cannot account entirely for mixt

32、ure variables or provide relative resistance to ageing at in-service conditions. 5 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following: 5.1 Test system comprised of a cylinder with a grooved inner roller, an oxygen supply system with flow control devices, a forceddraft ov

33、en equipped with an appropriate outlet for the evacuation of volatile EN 15323:2007 (E) 6 components and placed under an appropriate hood, temperature control/measuring devices, a temperature measuring apparatus and preferably, a temperature recording device (Figure 1). 5.2 Testing cylinder of stain

34、less steel construction (Figure 2), with a volume of 3,7 l. The cylinder shall be closed at one end and be fitted with a removable screw-on closure at the other. An effective seal is provided by a heat- and solvent-resistant flat rubber gasket. The removable closure has a central orifice 42 mm to 43

35、 mm in diameter through which it is possible to take small test samples at predetermined intervals (“exposure times“). During testing this opening is fitted with a PTFE plug (type 1) as illustrated in Figure 3. A long stainless steel tube is inserted through the opening in this plug to provide an ox

36、ygen atmosphere (Figure 4). 5.3 Grooved solid stainless steel roller 34 mm in diameter (Figure 2) making a gravity-induced rotating movement about its axis inside the rotating cylinder. This roller is fitted at both ends with a rim 3,5 mm thick and 40 mm in diameter. Using this roller, the binder in

37、 the cylinder is constantly pressed and distributed against the inner wall of the cylinder. As a result, the bitumen surface exposed to oxygen is constantly renewed and remixed with the bulk of the mass of binder. 5.4 Drive mechanism rotating the testing cylinder about its axis on two round drive ba

38、rs in a ventilated oven. The mechanism is such that the cylinder makes one revolution per minute (1 0,05) r/min. 5.5 Forced-draft oven to be used with 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4, capable of bringing the oven temperature to the desired ageing temperature 0,5 C, as recorded by a suitable thermometer, within 1 h

39、 and maintaining the temperature of the binder inside the cylinder at the ageing temperature 0,5 C. The oven is thermostatically controllable by a control and measuring device with a reading to 0,1 C. The oven shall have interior dimensions 480 mm x 380 mm x 500 mm (width x height x depth) 20 mm and

40、 a protected cylindrical fan that is able to efficiently homogenize the temperature of the air. The temperature in the oven shall be set very accurately (between 70 C and 95 C, depending on the test). It must remain constant to within 0,5 C during the procedure. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The ageing procedu

41、re operates at high temperatures and with a slow flow of oxygen. All safety guidelines issued by the equipment manufacturer must be followed. 5.6 Pressure reducer fitted with a pressure gauge adjustable between 0 MPa and 0,5 MPa (5 bar) with 0,01 MPa subdivisions. If possible, the pressure reducer s

42、hould be fitted with a sensitive excess flow valve. Otherwise, a general control needle valve shall be used to limit oxygen flow to approximately 10 l/h in case of a break in the oxygen line. 5.7 Oxygen temperature safety break valve which prevents oxygen flow when the temperature in the oven exceed

43、s 105 C during the ageing procedure when operating with oxygen. 5.8 Oxygen flow meter that can be adjusted over a measuring range of 0 l/h to 10 l/h with 0,5 l/h subdivisions. The rate of this flow shall be (4,5 0,5) l/h. 5.9 Spiral-shaped stainless steel tube (2 m to 3 m long, 6 mm to 6,35 mm in di

44、ameter, approximately 1 mm in wall thickness) to preheat the oxygen as it passes through and before it is released into the cylinder. 5.10 Temperature probe accurate to 0,1 C, for measuring the temperature inside the cylinder when calibrating the device (Annex C). The thermometer shall be calibrated

45、 to an accuracy of 0,1 C at appropriate intervals. This thermometer (or a second one) may also be used to monitor the temperature of the oven. NOTE A Resistance Thermal Detector (RTD) has been found to be suitable. EN 15323:2007 (E) 7 5.11 Temperature recording device with a data acquisition system,

46、 capable of recording the temperature throughout the test to 0,1 C. 5.12 Balance capable of weighing 10,0 kg to an accuracy of 0,1 g. 5.13 Multi purpose oven(s) capable of maintaining a temperature up to 200 C with an accuracy of 5 C. 5.14 Sampling spoon (Figure 5) to take samples of the aged binder

47、 at predetermined exposure times, with a view to monitoring the ageing process. NOTE Exposure times are generally 17 h, 65 h and 140 h when ageing is performed at 90 C (to comply with normal working hours, long-term ageing conditioning is best started between 3 h and 5 h in the afternoon according t

48、o the longest procedure involved). 5.15 Commercial bottled oxygen. A sufficient supply of pressurised oxygen shall be available to carry out the procedure; commercially available bottled oxygen is suitable for this. Purity: 99,9 volume %. 6 Procedure SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Use laboratory safety procedur

49、es in handling the hot asphalt binder when preparing the specimens and removing the residue from the cylinder. 6.1 Ageing of mastics When RCAT ageing is performed on a mastic, the mastic is prepared directly in the cylinder as described in Annex B. After mixing, a sample of approximately 25 g is taken for characterization. After that, apply the procedure detailed in Subclauses 6.2 (RCAT163 conditioning) or 6.4 (where the word “binder” is replaced by “mastic”). 6.2 Preconditioning The binder is first preconditioned as