1、 One or more corrigenda exist with corrections to this document. These can be searched online and ordered free of charge at www.beuth.de December 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Instit
2、ut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 91.010.30!$lnM“1737542www.din.deDDIN EN 1991-1-6Eurocode 1: Actions on structures Part 1-6: General actions Actions during execution(includes Corrigendum AC:200
3、8)English translation of DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke Teil 1-6: Allgemeine Einwirkungen Einwirkungen whrend der Bauausfhrung(enthlt Berichtigung AC:2008)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures Partie 1-6: Actions gnrales
4、 Actions en cours dexcution(Corrigendum AC:2008 inclus)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12Supersedes DIN EN 1991-1-6:2005-09;together with DIN EN 1991-1-6/NA:2010-12, supersedes DIN 1055-8:2003-01, withdrawn 2010-05;supersedes DIN EN 1991-1-6 Corrigendum 1:2009-09Supersedes: see belowwww.
5、beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.300 .11 2DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural Eurocodes” (Secre
6、tariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 005-51-02 AA Einwirkungen auf Bauten. This European Standard is part of a series of standards dealing with
7、 structural design (Eurocodes) which are intended to be used as a “package”. In the Directive on the application and use of Eurocodes, issued by the EU Commission, reference is made to transitional periods for the introduction of the Eurocodes in the Member states. It will be the responsibility of C
8、EN and the EU Commission to agree the details of the introduction on a case-by-case basis. In Germany, this standard is to be applied in conjunction with the National Annex. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/
9、or DKE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags . Amendments This standard differs from DIN V ENV 1991-2-6:1999-08 as follows: a) the prestandard status has been chang
10、ed to that of a full standard; b) the number of the standard has been changed to DIN EN 1991-1-6; c) the comments received from the national standards bodies have been taken into account and the text of the standard has been completely revised. Compared with DIN EN 1991-1-6:2005-09, DIN EN 1991-1-6
11、Corrigendum 1:2009-09 and DIN 1055-8:2003-01, the following corrections have been made: a) the standard has been based on European design rules; b) superseding notes have been corrected; c) this standard is the consolidated version of the previous 2005 edition with Corrigendum AC:2008; d) the standa
12、rd has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 1055-8: 2003-01 DIN V ENV 1991-2-6: 1999-08 DIN EN 1991-1-6: 2005-09 DIN EN 1991-1-6 Corrigendum 1: 2009-09 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1991-1-6 June 2005 + AC July 2008 ICS 91.010.30 English version Eurocode 1: Actions
13、on structures Part 1-6: General actions Actions during execution Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures Partie 1-6: Actions gnrales Actions en cours dexcution Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke Teil 1-6: Allgemeine Einwirkungen Einwirkungen whrend der EN 1991-1-6:2005 was approved by CEN on 2005
14、-01-13 and Corrigendum AC:2008 on 2008-07-30. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concernin
15、g such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own languag
16、e and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
17、 Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
18、reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1991-1-6:2005 + AC:2008 EBauausfhrung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels EN 1991-1-6:2005 + AC:2008 (E) DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12 2 Contents Page FOREWORD . 3 BACKGROUND OF THE EUROCODE PROGRAMME 3 STATUS AND FIELD OF APPLICATI
19、ON OF EUROCODES . 4 NATIONAL STANDARDS IMPLEMENTING EUROCODES 4 LINKS BETWEEN EUROCODES AND HARMONIZED TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (ENS AND ETAS) FOR PRODUCTS . 5 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SPECIFIC TO EN 1991-1-6 5 NATIONAL ANNEX 6 SECTION 1 GENERAL 7 1.1 SCOPE. 7 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES. 7 1.3 ASSUMPTIO
20、NS. 8 1.4 DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION RULES. 8 1.5 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 8 1.6 SYMBOLS 9 SECTION 2 CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIONS 11 SECTION 3 DESIGN SITUATIONS AND LIMIT STATES. 13 3.1 GENERAL IDENTIFICATION OF DESIGN SITUATIONS 13 3.2 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES 14 3.3 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT
21、 STATES. 15 SECTION 4 REPRESENTATION OF ACTIONS. 16 4.1 GENERAL 16 4.2 ACTIONS ON STRUCTURAL AND NON-STRUCTURAL MEMBERS DURING HANDLING . 16 4.3 GEOTECHNICAL ACTIONS 17 4.4 ACTIONS DUE TO PRESTRESSING . 17 4.5 PRE-DEFORMATIONS. 17 4.6 TEMPERATURE, SHRINKAGE, HYDRATION EFFECTS. 17 4.7 WIND ACTIONS .
22、18 4.8 SNOW LOADS 18 4.9 ACTIONS CAUSED BY WATER 18 4.10 ACTIONS DUE TO ATMOSPHERIC ICING 20 4.11 CONSTRUCTION LOADS. 20 4.12 ACCIDENTAL ACTIONS 23 4.13 SEISMIC ACTIONS 23 ANNEX A1 (NORMATIVE) SUPPLEMENTARY RULES FOR BUILDINGS 24 A1.1 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES . 24 A1.2 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES 24 A1
23、.3 HORIZONTAL ACTIONS. 24 ANNEX A2 (NORMATIVE) SUPPLEMENTARY RULES FOR BRIDGES . 25 A2.1 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATES . 25 A2.2 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES 25 A2.3 DESIGN VALUES OF DEFLECTIONS 25 A2.4 SNOW LOADS . 25 A2.5 CONSTRUCTION LOADS 26 ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) ACTIONS ON STRUCTURES DURING ALTERATION,
24、RECONSTRUCTION OR DEMOLITION 27 BIBLIOGRAPHY.28 1Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). Foreword This document (EN 1991-1
25、-6:2005 + AC:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Struc-tural Eurocodes , the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 20
26、05, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This document will supersede ENV 1991-2-6:1996. Annexes A1 and A2 are normative and Annex B is informative. This standard includes a Bibliography. According
27、to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun-tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
28、Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem-bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, R mania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction
29、, based on Article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonized technical rules for the design
30、of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the developm
31、ent of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1be-tween the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes t
32、o CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on con
33、struction products CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market). The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a numbe
34、r of parts: EN 1990 Eurocode Basis of structural design EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timbe
35、r structures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1991-1-6:2005 + AC:2008 (E) DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12 3 ”oEN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards re
36、cognize the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safe-guarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at the national level where these con-tinue to vary from State to State. Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States
37、 of the EU and EFTA recognize that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes : as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N1 Mechanical resistance a
38、nd stability and Essential Requirement N2 Safety in case of fire ; as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services ; as a framework for drawing up harmonized technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they co
39、ncern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Inter-pretative Documents2referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonized product standards3. Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately
40、consid-ered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving a full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes. The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole s
41、truc-tures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or de-sign conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases. National Standards implementing Eurocodes The Nationa
42、l Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any an-nexes), as published by CEN, which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and may be followed by a National Annex. The National Annex may only contain information on those parame
43、ters which are left open in the Eurocode for na-tional choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engi-neering works to be constructed in the country concerned, i.e. : values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode, values
44、to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode, country specific data (geographical, climatic, etc), e.g. snow map, the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode. It may also contain: decisions on the application of informative annexes, references to non-co
45、ntradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode. 2According to Article 3.3 of the CPD, the essential requirements (ERs) shall be given concrete form in interpretative documents for the creation of the necessary links between the essential requirements and the mandates
46、for hENs and ETAGs/ETAs. 3According to Article 12 of the CPD the interpretative documents shall : a)give concrete form to the essential requirements by harmonizing the terminology and the technical bases and indicating classes or levels for each requirement where necessary ; b)indicate methods of co
47、rrelating these classes or levels of requirement with the technical specifications, e.g. methods of calculation and of proof, technical rules for project design, etc. ; c)serve as a reference for the establishment of harmonized standards and guidelines for European technical approvals. The Eurocodes
48、, de facto, play a similar role in the field of the ER 1 and a part of ER 2. EN 1991-1-6:2005 + AC:2008 (E) DIN EN 1991-1-6:2010-12 4 Links between Eurocodes and harmonized technical specifications (ENs and ETAs) for products There is a need for consistency between the harmonized technical specifica
49、tions for construction products and the technical rules for works4. Furthermore, all the information accompanying the CE Marking of the construction prod-ucts which refer to Eurocodes shall clearly mention which Nationally Determined Parameters have been taken into account. Additional information specific to EN 1991-1-6 EN 1991-1-6 describes Principles and Application rules for the determination of actions to be considered during execution of buildings and civil engineering
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