DIN EN 349-2008 Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body(includes Amendment A1 2008) English version of DIN EN 349 2008-09《机械安全 避免人身体部分被挤压的最小.pdf

1、September 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 8No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110!$QyJ“1468639ww

2、w.din.deDDIN EN 349Safety of machinery Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 349:2008-09Sicherheit von Maschinen A1:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN 349:2008-09SupersedesDIN EN 349:1993-06www.beuth.deMinimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (includesMindestabstnde zur Vermeidung

3、des Quetschens von Krperteilen (enthlt nderungDocument comprises 12 pagesDIN EN 349:2008-09 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 September 2008. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Eq

4、uipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of Machinery” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) in connection with the

5、amended EC Machinery Directive. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Sicherheitstechnische Grundstze (Safety Design Principles Standards Committee), Joint Committee NA 095-01-04 GA Schutz-einrichtungen, Sicherheitsmanahmen und Verriegelungen. This standard

6、concretizes the basic requirements set out in Annex I of the EU Machinery Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009) and the new EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC which becomes applicable on 29 December 2009 relating to machinery to be placed on the EEA market, with the intent of simplifying

7、the means of proving conformity with such requirements. Once this standard is designated a harmonized standard in the Official Journal of the European Union, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (the so-called “presumption of co

8、nformity”). This standard makes reference to documents which were valid as of the publication of the European standard. Since then, the standards EN 292-1, EN 292-2 and EN 294 cited in clause 2 have been replaced by DIN EN ISO 12100-1, DIN EN ISO 12100-2 and DIN EN ISO 13857. Amendments This standar

9、d differs from DIN EN 349:1993-06 as follows: a) Inclusion of Annex ZA (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC”. b) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requiremen

10、ts of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN 31001-1: 1974-12, 1976-12, 1983-04 DIN EN 349: 1993-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 349:1993+A1 June 2008 ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN 349:1993 English Version Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of t

11、he human body Scurit des machines - Ecartements minimaux pour prvenir les risques dcrasement de parties du corps humain Sicherheit von Maschinen - Mindestabstnde zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von Krperteilen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 April 1993 and includes Amendment 1 approved

12、 by CEN on 18 May 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standa

13、rds may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to

14、 the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Ne

15、therlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploita

16、tion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 349:1993+A1:2008: EEN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Definitions 5 4 Minimum gaps5 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard.5 4

17、.2 Values .6 Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones8 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC“.9 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU D

18、irective 2006/42/EC“.10 DIN EN 349:2008-09EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 349:1993+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard

19、, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-05-18. This document supersedes EN 349:1993. The start and

20、 finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). !For relationship with EC

21、Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Rep

22、ublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 349:2008-09EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introducti

23、on According to EN 292-1, in general, machinery is said to be safe if it can perform its function, be transported, installed, adjusted, maintained, dismantled and disposed of under the conditions of its intended use without causing injury or damaging health. One method of avoiding the hazard of crus

24、hing of parts of the human body is to make use of the minimum gaps in this standard. In specifying minimum gaps a number of aspects have to be taken into consideration, such as accessibility of the crushing zones; anthropometric data, taking into account ethnic groups likely to be found in European

25、countries; technical and practical aspects. If these aspects are further developed, the current state of the art, reflected in this European Standard, could be improved. 1 Scope The object of this European Standard is to enable the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards

26、 from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. This European Standard is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing,

27、drawing-in. NOTE For e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures need to be taken 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places i

28、n the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred

29、 to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distan

30、ces to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs DIN EN 349:2008-09EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 5 3 Definitions For the purpose of this standard the following definition applies in addition to the definitions given in EN 292-1 and EN 294: 3.1 crushing zone Zone in which the human body or part

31、s of the human body are exposed to a crushing hazard. This hazard will be generated if two movable parts are moving towards one another; one movable part is moving towards a fixed part. (see also Annex A) 4 Minimum gaps 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard The method of using this E

32、uropean Standard shall form part of the iterative safety strategy outlined in clause 5 “Strategy for selecting safety measures“ of EN 292-1. The user of this European Standard shall: a) Identify the crushing hazards; b) Assess the risks from these hazards in accordance with EN 292-1 paying particula

33、r attention to the following; Where it is foreseeable that the risk from a crushing hazard involves different parts of the body, the minimum gap in table 1 relating to the largest of these parts shall be applied (see also d); The unpredictable behaviour of children and their body dimensions if child

34、ren are included in the population at risk; Whether parts of the body could enter the crushing zone in a configuration other than those indicated in Table 1; Whether thick or bulky clothing (e.g. protective clothing for extreme temperatures) or tools have to be taken into account; Whether machinery

35、will be used by persons wearing thick soled footwear (e.g. clogs) which will increase the effective dimension of the foot. c) Select from Table 1 the appropriate minimum gap relating to the body part at risk (see also Annex A). d) If adequate safety cannot be achieved by the minimum gaps selected fr

36、om table 1, other or additional measures and/or means shall be used (see e.g. EN 292-1, EN 292-2 and EN 294). If the minimum gap for the largest expected body part cannot be achieved, the following example gives one particular means of restricting access to smaller body parts. EXAMPLE Access of larg

37、er body parts to the crushing zone can be prevented by the use of protective structures having a restricted opening, as indicated in Figure 1. DIN EN 349:2008-09 EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 6 The possibility of access to a crushing zone for a particular part of the body is dependent on the following: Th

38、e gap a between the fixed and moving part or between two moving parts; The depth b of the crushing zone; The dimensions c of the opening in the protective structure and its distance d from the crushing zone. NOTE The dimensions for openings in relation to safety distances can be found in EN 294. Key

39、 1 protective structure Figure 1 e) For certain applications there may be justifiable reasons to deviate from the minimum gaps in Table 1. Standards dealing with these applications shall indicate how adequate safety can be reached. 4.2 Values Table 1 gives values for minimum gaps to avoid crushing o

40、f parts of the human body. For the selection of the appropriate minimum gap see 4.1. DIN EN 349:2008-09EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 7 Table 1 Dimensions in mm Part of body Minimum gap a Illustration Body 500 Head (least favourable position) 300 Leg 180 Foot 120 Toes 50 Arm 120 Hand Wrist Fist 100 Finger

41、25 DIN EN 349:2008-09 EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 8 Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones The indicated crushing zones and the parts of the human body considered are examples only. For the application of risk assessment see 4.1. Legend: aaa1 2 3Figure A.1 DIN EN 349:2008-09EN 349:1993+A1:

42、2008 (E) 9 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of confor

43、ming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the

44、 normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the produ

45、ct(s) falling within the scope of this standard.“ DIN EN 349:2008-09 EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 10 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the E

46、uropean Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 2006/42/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a

47、 national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.“ DIN EN 349:2008-09