DIN EN 474-3-2010 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3 Requirements for loaders German version EN 474-3 2006+A1 2009《土方机械 安全性 第3部分 装载机的要求 德文版本EN 474-3-2006+A1-2009》.pdf

1、February 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 53.100!$Qr“1574679www.din.deDDIN EN 474-3Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 3: Requirements for loaders (includes Amendment A1:2009)English translation of DIN EN 474-3:2010-02Erdbaumaschinen Sicherheit Teil 3: Anforderungen fr Lader (enthlt nderung A1:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 474-3:20

3、10-02Engins de terrassement Scurit Partie 3: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses (Amendement A1:2009 inclus)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 474-3:2010-02SupersedesDIN EN 474-3:2007-07www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 25

4、 pages02.10 DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 01 February 2010. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety” (Secreta

5、riat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 060-13-01 AA Erdbau-/Straenbau-maschinen of Section Bau- und Baustoffmaschinen. Representatives of manufacturers and us

6、ers of earth-moving machinery, and of the employers liability insurance associations contributed to this standard. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC, (valid until 28 December 2009) and the “rev

7、ised Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 December 2009, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directives. On

8、ce this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). The European Standards referred to in cl

9、ause 2 and in the bibliography of the EN have been published as the corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. For the International Standards referred to in this standard there are no national standards available. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 474-3:2007-07 as

10、 follows: a) The Foreword has been revised. b) Normative references have been updated. c) Technical requirements regarding falling-object protective structures (5.5.2) have been updated. d) Inclusion of Annex ZB “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Direct

11、ive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN EN 474-3: 1996-03, 2007-07 A comma is used as the decimal marker. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 474-3:2006+A1 February 2009 ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-3:2006English Version Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3: Requirements for load

12、ers Engins de terrassement - Scurit - Partie 3: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Anforderungen fr Lader This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 December 2008. CEN members are bound to co

13、mply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Manag

14、ement Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as t

15、he official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slova

16、kia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwid

17、e for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009: EEN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .61 Scope 72 Normative references 73 Terms and definitions .84 List of additional significant hazards 85 Safety requirements and/or measures 85.1 General 85.2 Loaders with fr

18、ont access 95.3 Operators seat .95.4 Rear window(s) 95.5 Protection .95.6 Stability 116 Information for use . 16Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 21!Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ 22Bibliography . 23Figures Figure 1 Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view 10 Figure 2 Load centre

19、 distance with fork arms . 13 Figure B.1 Wheel loader . 18 Figure B.2 Compact wheel loader . 18 Figure B.3 Skid steer loader . 19 Figure B.4 Crawler loader . 19 Figure B.5 Wheel loader with fork arms 20 Figure B.6 Wheel loader with grapple . 20 DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 -3 Annex A (normative) List of sig

20、nificant additional hazards Loaders 17Annex B (informative) Illustrations 18Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 3 Tables Table 1 Stability f

21、actors in fork application 12 Table 2 Load centre distance . 12 Table 3 Stability factors in log handling 13 Table 4 Stability factors in single heavy object handling in transport mode 14 Table 5 Load centre distance . 15 Table A.1 List of additional significant hazards . 17 DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN

22、474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard

23、, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-12-20. This document supersedes !EN 474-3:2006“. The start a

24、nd finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. !For relationship with EU D

25、irective(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ For bibliographic references, see !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery Safety“ comprises the following parts: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Re

26、quirements for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for graders Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requireme

27、nts for earth and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators. This European Standard is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series. DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 5 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizati

28、ons of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania

29、, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 6 Introduction This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are c

30、overed are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been desi

31、gned and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 7 1 Scope This part of EN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to loaders as defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and

32、under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This part also deals with fork application, single heavy object handling application, object handling application and log handling. The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requiremen

33、ts formulated in !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. This part does not repeat the requirements from !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for loaders. This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazar

34、ds, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of loaders. This European Standard is not applicable to loaders manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensabl

35、e for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements !EN ISO

36、 2867:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2006, including Cor 1:2008)“ !EN ISO 3164:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflecting-limiting volume (ISO 3164:1995) !EN ISO 3449:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Falling-objec

37、t protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005) !EN ISO 3457:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Guards Definitions and requirements (ISO 3457:2003) !EN ISO 6682:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986 including Amendment 1

38、:1989) !EN ISO 7096:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2000) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks Fork arm

39、s Technical characteristics and testing !ISO 6016:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric ratings DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN 474-3:2006+A1:

40、2009 (E) 8 !ISO 14397-1:2007“, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in !EN 474-1:200

41、6+A1:2009“, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. Terminology for loaders is specified in ISO 7131:1997 and the most common loaders are illustrated in Annex B of this European Standard. NOTE Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this

42、 document. 3.1 loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, having a front-mounted equipment primarily designed for loading operation (bucket use), which loads or excavates through forward motion of the machine NOTE 1 A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and d

43、ischarging material. NOTE 2 Derivative machinery; loaders can also be used for derivative application (see !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 3.1.2). 3.2 compact loader loader with an operating mass (see !ISO 6016:2008“) of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in confined spaces with the associated needs for gr

44、eater manoeuvrability 3.3 skid steer loader loader normally having an operators station between attachment-supporting structures and steered by using variation of speed and/or direction of rotation between traction drives on opposite sides of a machine with fixed axles 3.4 swing loader loader having

45、 a swing type lift arm with a swinging angle to the left and right from a straight position NOTE A swing loader work cycle is normally similar to a loader cycle but additionally work can be done offset of the machine track. 4 List of additional significant hazards See Annex A. NOTE Annex A (normativ

46、e) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5

47、.1 General Loaders shall comply with the requirements of !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, as far as not modified or replaced by the requirements of this part. DIN EN 474-3:2010-02 EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 (E) 9 5.2 Loaders with front access 5.2.1 General For loaders with front access the reference to !EN ISO 2

48、867:2008“ applies with the deviations given in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. 5.2.2 Primary access opening The primary opening shall not be less than: opening height 875 mm; opening width 550 mm. 5.2.3 Alternative egress opening (emergency exit) An alternative opening shall be provided. Minimum dimension of the e

49、mergency exit shall comply with !11.2 b) of EN ISO 2867:2008“. 5.3 Operators seat !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.4.1 applies with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of the following input spectral class according to !EN ISO 7096:2008“: EM3 for wheel loaders greater than 4 500 kg; EM6 for crawler loaders; EM8 for compact wheel loaders less or equal than 4 500 kg; EM9 for skid s