DIN EN 894-3-2010 Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 3 Control actuators German version EN 894-3 2000+A1 2008《机械安.pdf

1、January 2010DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 17No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$J“1563

2、958www.din.deDDIN EN 894-3Safety of machinery Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and controlactuators Part 3: Control actuators (includes Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 894-3:2010-01Sicherheit von Maschinen Ergonomische Anforderungen an die Gestaltung von Anzeigen und St

3、ellteilen Teil 3: Stellteile (enthlt nderung A1:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN 894-3:2010-01SupersedesDIN EN 894-3:2009-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages42DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 January 2010. DIN EN 894-3:2000-06 may be used in parallel until 28 De

4、cember 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Product Safety Act) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legisl

5、ation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) in connection with the amended EC Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and t

6、he Normenausschuss Informationstechnik und Anwendungen (Information Technology and selected IT Applications Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-04 GA Ergonomie fr Informationsverarbeitungssysteme. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out

7、in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009), and the “revised Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 December 2009, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This

8、 standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directives. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the require

9、ments of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 894-3:2000-06 as follows: a) Annex ZA (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC” has been revised. b) Annex ZB (inform

10、ative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC” has been added. Compared with DIN EN 894-3:2009-02, the following correction has been made to the German version only and therefore does not affect the English version: c) As Figure 7 shown

11、 on page 26 was the same as Figure 7 shown on page 25, the figure on page 26 has been deleted. Previous editions DIN 33401: 1977-07 DIN 33401 Supplement 1: 1978-09 DIN EN 894-3: 2000-06, 2009-02 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 894-3:2000+A1 October 2008 ICS 13.100; 13.180 Supe

12、rsedes EN 894-3:2000 English Version Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 3: Control actuators Scurit des machines - Exigences ergonomiques pour la conception des dispositifs de signalisation et des organes de service - Partie 3: Organ

13、es de service Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ergonomische Anforderungen an die Gestaltung von Anzeigen und Stellteilen - Teil 3: Stellteile This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 February 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the C

14、EN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or

15、 to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official ver

16、sions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,

17、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN natio

18、nal Members. Ref. No. EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008: EEN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Selection procedure 7 5 Task evaluation and information collection7 6 Intermediate selection of control families.17 7 Identification of su

19、itable control types21 8 Additional information for the design of manual control actuators.32 Annex A (informative) Example of the use of this standard .35 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC

20、“ .39 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.40 DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, th

21、e secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This docume

22、nt includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-14. This document supersedes EN 894-3:2000. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “ This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and th

23、e European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of

24、 the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slov

25、akia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance on the selection, design and location of control actuators so that they are adapted to the requirements of the operators, are suitable for the

26、 control task in question and take account of the circumstances of their use. It applies to manual control actuators used in equipment for occupational and private use. It is particularly important to observe the recommendations in this European Standard where operating a control actuator may lead t

27、o injury or damage to health, either directly or as a result of a human error. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications

28、 are listed hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendmen

29、ts). EN 292-1, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 574, Safety of machinery - Two hand control

30、 devices -Functional aspects Principles for design EN 614-1, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1: Terminology and general principles. EN 894 1, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 1: General principles for human

31、 interactions with displays and control actuators. EN 894 2, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 2: Displays. prEN 1005-3, Safety of machinery - Human physical strength - Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation. EN 10

32、50, Safety of machinery - Risk assessment. ISO 447, Machine tools - Direction of operation of controls. IEC 60447, Man-machine interface (MMI) - Actuating principles. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 control actuator t

33、he part of the control actuating system that is directly actuated by the operator, e.g. by applying pressure EN 894-1 DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 5 3.2 manual control actuator a control actuator adjusted or manipulated by human hand to effect change in a system, e.g., push-button,

34、 knob, steering wheel. Touch sensitive actuation is not included. 3.3 control type a range of control actuators with the same movement and grip characteristics, and fulfilling similar task requirements 3.4 control family a group of control types 3.5 operator the person or persons given the task of i

35、nstalling, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or transporting machinery EN 292 -1 3.6 task (work task) an activity or activities required to achieve an intended outcome of the work system EN 614-1 3.7 control task an activity where a control actuator is used to achieve a task goa

36、l DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 6 Figure 1 Overall selection process for manual control actuators DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 7 4 Selection procedure Many types of manual control actuators are available from push-buttons to hand wheels. Each type is suited to part

37、icular task requirements and to certain operator capabilities. Environmental factors (e.g. illumination, vibration) and organisational factors (e.g. team work, workstation separation) also have to be considered. To ensure safe and efficient operation, correct selection of control actuators is import

38、ant. The following describes a systematic procedure that will enable designers and manufacturers to select manual control actuators meeting their specific requirements. The selection procedure involves three steps which are carried out in an iterative manner. These are: task evaluation and informati

39、on collection; intermediate selection of control families; identification of suitable control types. The main steps in the selection procedure are shown in figure 1. An example of a form for recording the results of the evaluation is shown in figure 2. Clause 5 describes the information that is requ

40、ired in order to select appropriate control actuators, clauses 6 and 7 then describe how this information is used in order to make the selection. 5 Task evaluation and information collection 5.1 Requirements and characteristics The division of tasks between the operator and the equipment should have

41、 been determined early in the design process in accordance with the recommendations in EN 614 -1 and EN 894 -1. There are general and specific requirements imposed by a task which normally cannot be changed. If it is not possible to find a suitable control actuator for a specified task then the allo

42、cation of this task or the task itself has to be reconsidered. The task requirements considered in this European Standard are ones that experience has shown to be most important in selecting manual control actuators, as follows: General task requirements a) Accuracy required in positioning the manua

43、l control actuator (accuracy); b) Speed of setting required (speed); c) Force/torque requirements (force). Specific task requirements d) Need for visual checking of manual control actuator setting (visual check); e) Need for tactile checking of setting (tactile check); f) Need to avoid inadvertent o

44、peration (inadvertent operate); g) Need to avoid hand slipping from manual control actuator (friction); DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 8 h) Need for operator to wear gloves (use with gloves); i) Need for easy cleaning (ease of cleaning). The general task requirements are used to iden

45、tify classes of suitable control actuators. The specific task requirements are used in selecting individual control actuators within these classes. In order to evaluate the task requirements the classification scheme illustrated in table 1 should be used. This differentiates between 5 different leve

46、ls from 0 to 4. Table 1 Classification scheme for evaluating task requirements CODE SYMBOL Degree of requirements 0 Negligible 1 Low 2 Average 3 High 4 Very high The task requirements do not need to be evaluated precisely, therefore the detailed evaluation procedure given in 5.2 and 5.3, show classi

47、fication systems that have been found to be sufficiently accurate. The characteristics of the various types of control actuator need to be considered to determine the available selection options. This standard gives information on both movement characteristics and grip characteristics. In many cases

48、 some of the characteristics will have been predetermined by the task requirements. Movement characteristics: j) Type of movement; k) Axis of movement; l) Direction of movement; m) Continuity of movement; n) Angle of rotation for continuous rotary movements 180 0 Grip characteristics: o) Type of gri

49、p; p) Part of hand applying force; q) Method of applying force. The above categories a - q are used throughout this standard. The shorter descriptions given in brackets after the full descriptions are used in table headings where space is limited. DIN EN 894-3:2010-01 EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008 (E) 9 DESCRIPTION OF INFORMATION Subclause Degree of Requirement (Classification) Remarks 0 1 2 3 4 General Task Requirements 5.2 a) Accuracy 5.2.1 b) Speed 5.2.2 c) Force 5.2.3 Specific task requirements 5.3 d) Visual check 5.3.1 e) Tactile che