1、November 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 13.060.70!$vT2“1834915www.din.deDDIN EN 15972Water quality Guidance on quantitative and qualitative investigations of marinephytoplanktonEnglish translation of DIN EN 15972:2011-11Wasserbeschaffenheit Anleitung fr die quantitative und qualitative Untersuchung von marinem PhytoplanktonEnglische be
3、rsetzung von DIN EN 15972:2011-11Qualit de leau Guide pour ltude quantitative et qualitative du phytoplancton marinTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 15972:2011-11www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 32 pages11.11 DIN EN 15972:201
4、1-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Commit
5、tee), Working Committee NA 119-01-03-05-06 AK Biologisch-kologische Gews-seruntersuchung of NA 119-01-03 AA Wasseruntersuchung. This standard is part of the series Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlamm-untersuchung Biologisch-kologische Gewsseruntersuchung (Gruppe M) (German
6、standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge Biological-ecological methods of analysis (group M) and describes method M 36. Designation of method M 36 “Guidance on quantitative and qualitative investigations of marine phytoplankton”: Method DIN EN 15972 M 36 This standard ha
7、s been published to implement the Water Framework Directive (WFD), Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy1). The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred
8、 to in this document is as follows: ISO 10260 DIN 38412-16 Expert assistance and specialized laboratories will be required to perform the analysis described in this standard. Existing safety requirements are to be observed. Depending on the objective of the analysis, a check shall be made on a case-
9、by-case basis as to whether and to what extent additional conditions will have to be specified. German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge Standard methods published as DIN Standards are obtainable from Beuth Verlag GmbH, either individually or grouped in volumes. T
10、he standard methods included in the loose-leaf publication entitled Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung will continue to be published by Wiley-VCH Verlag and Beuth Verlag GmbH. All standard methods relevant to the Abwasserverordnung (Waste Water Regulation) (Abw
11、V)1) included in the new Regulation on Section 57, paragraph 1, number 1, of the Gesetz zur Ordnung des Wasserhaushalts (German Water Management Act)1)concerning Anforderungen an das Einleiten von Abwasser in Gews- ser together with the Abwasserverordnung and the Gesetz zur Ordnung des Wasserhaushal
12、ts have been published by Beuth Verlag GmbH as a loose-leaf collection Analysenverfahren in der Abwasserverordnung Rechtsvorschriften und Normen (Supplements). 1) Registered in the DITR database of DIN Software GmbH, obtainable from: Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin. DIN EN 15972:2011-11 3 Standards
13、or draft standards bearing the group title “German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge” are classified under the following categories (main titles): General information (group A) (DIN 38402) Sensory analysis (group B) (DIN 38403) Physical and physicochemical paramet
14、ers (group C) (DIN 38404) Anions (group D) (DIN 38405) Cations (group E) (DIN 38406) Substance group analysis (group F) (DIN 38407) Gaseous constituents (group G) (DIN 38408) Parameters characterizing effects and substances (group H) (DIN 38409) Biological-ecological methods of analysis (group M) (D
15、IN 38410) Microbiological methods (group K) (DIN 38411) Test methods using water organisms (group L) (DIN 38412) Individual constituents (group P) (DIN 38413) Sludge and sediments (group S) (DIN 38414) Bio-assays with microorganisms (group T) (DIN 38415) In addition to the methods described in the D
16、IN 38402 to DIN 38415 series of standards, there are a number of European and International Standards available as DIN EN, DIN EN ISO and DIN ISO Standards which also form part of the collection of German standard methods. Information on Parts of these series of standards that have already been publ
17、ished can be obtained from the offices of the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen, telephone +49 (30) 2601-2448, or from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrae 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany. National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 1 91/271/EEC, Council Directive of 21 May 1991 concerning urban waste-water treat
18、ment1)2 92/43/EWG, Gemeinsame Verwaltungsvorschrift zur Durchfhrung der 19a bis 19f des Bundesnatur-schutzgesetzes (VwV Natura 2000)1)3 DIN 38412-16, German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge Test methods using water organisms (group L) Determination of chlorophyll
19、 a in surface water (L 16) DIN EN 15972:2011-11 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15972 September 2011 ICS 13.060.70 English Version Water quality - Guidance on quantitative and qualitative investigations of marine phytoplankton Qualit de leau -
20、Guide pour ltude quantitative et qualitative du phytoplancton marin Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung fr die quantitative und qualitative Untersuchung von marinem Phytoplankton This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 July 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Re
21、gulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN me
22、mber. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
23、 CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloveni
24、a, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nati
25、onal Members. Ref. No. EN 15972:2011: EEN 15972:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 52 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Aim and strategy for sampling phytoplankton .74.1 Sampling programme 74.2 Types of surveys74.3 Sampling stations 84.4 Sampling depth 94.5 Sam
26、pling frequency and duration . 104.6 Parallel water samples . 105 Equipment . 105.1 Equipment for quantitative sampling . 105.2 Equipment for qualitative sampling 105.3 Sample bottles 115.4 Fixatives and preservatives . 116 Survey procedures . 126.1 Description of procedures . 126.2 Preparation 126.
27、3 Defining the position of sampling stations 126.4 Operating the sampling device . 126.5 Sample fixation . 136.6 Samples for analysis of living material 136.7 Sample labelling and recording of additional information . 136.8 Sample storage . 146.9 Equipment maintenance 146.10 Requirements for personn
28、el 147 Species identification and sample processing 147.1 Species identification . 147.2 Methods for quantification . 157.3 Methods for qualitative analysis . 167.4 Determination of biomass 177.5 Qualification requirements for personnel responsible for identification . 177.6 Literature . 177.7 Repor
29、ting of result 177.8 Data storage 18Annex A (informative) Sampling and sample depth . 19A.1 General . 19A.2 Sampling depth . 19A.3 Integrated samples . 19A.4 Combined samples . 20Annex B (informative) Water samplers 21Annex C (informative) Plankton net samples 22Annex D (informative) Preservatives 2
30、3DIN EN 15972:2011-11 EN 15972:2011 (E) 3 Annex E (informative) Counting chambers for quantification without concentration of the phytoplankton cells . 25E.1 Sedgwick Rafter 25E.2 Palmer Maloney 25E.3 Haemacytometre 25Annex F (informative) Utermhl method 26Bibliography 27DIN EN 15972:2011-11 EN 1597
31、2:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15972:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at
32、 the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
33、all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, H
34、ungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 15972:2011-11 EN 15972:2011 (E) 5 Introduction Investigations of phytoplankton are an important part of
35、 marine environment monitoring. Phytoplankton responds rapidly to environmental changes (supply of nutrient salts, climate, light access etc.), and monitoring of occurrence, species composition and biomass may therefore in many cases be used to characterise the environment and the degree of impacts.
36、 The European Union Water Framework Directive therefore requires monitoring of marine phytoplankton as a part of assessments of ecological conditions. Investigations of phytoplankton are also included in monitoring programmes connected with other European directives (Urban Waste Water Treatment Dire
37、ctive, Habitats Directive), international conventions and national regulations. Monitoring of harmful/toxic phytoplankton is carried out both for the aquaculture industry and in connection with authorities control of organisms for human consumption (shellfish). This requires uniform procedures for c
38、ollection and quantification of phytoplankton. Most principles for characterisation of environmental conditions based on phytoplankton require the use of quantitative methods, i.e. that the occurrence of species and quantities can be related to a known water mass. Data interpretation further require
39、s information on the physical and chemical properties of the water body (supporting parameters). In order for environmental authorities to utilise the information, it is important that the investigations are comparable in space and time and that the data is of high scientific quality. This European
40、Standard focuses on a limited selection of methods that can be documented precisely, reproduced and which have been in use for some time. This European Standard does not comprise chlorophyll determination. For chlorophyll determination see ISO 10260 1. WARNING Persons using this European Standard sh
41、ould be familiar with normal laboratory and fieldwork practice. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the users to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any
42、 national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance for sampling, preservation, storage, quantification and qualitative analysis of phytoplankton from marine waters. Guidance for quantification is limited to the use of light microscopy with phase-contrast and epifluorescen
43、ce. This European Standard specifies: the development of the sampling programme; requirements for sampling equipment; procedures for sampling and treatment of samples in the field; methods for quantification; qualitative analysis. This European Standard describes minimum requirements for environment
44、al monitoring. DIN EN 15972:2011-11 EN 15972:2011 (E) 6 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of this document. For dated references, only the cited edition applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
45、 any amendments) applies. EN 15204, Water quality Guidance standard on the enumeration of phytoplankton using inverted microscopy (Utermhl technique) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 euphotic zone upper zone of a water body whi
46、ch is penetrated by light, and where the primary production over one or more days is equal to or greater than the respiration, i.e. a positive net production NOTE Empirically, the euphotic zone is considered to extend down to the depth where 1 % of the surface light is present. 3.2 phytoplankton com
47、munity of free-living, suspended, mainly photosynthetic organisms in aquatic systems comprising Cyanobacteria and microscopic algae EN 15204:2006, 3.10 3.3 phytoplankton biomass mass of living matter comprising phytoplankton NOTE The phytoplankton biomass can be expressed in terms of chlorophyll con
48、tent, the carbon content of the algae (algal carbon) or the volume of the phytoplankton (biovolume). 3.4 qualitative sample phytoplankton sample collected by plankton net, i.e. a concentrated sample where the size of the phytoplankton is mainly larger than the mesh diameter NOTE Allows for recording
49、s of taxon/taxa occurring in low concentrations. 3.5 quantitative sample phytoplankton sample where a part of a body of water is enclosed so that the density of each taxon and their relative abundance per unit volume may be recorded 3.6 receiving water body water body that receives an input of material, of either natural or a
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