1、November 2016 English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 01.040.19; 19.100!%YQ“2585446www
2、.din.deDIN EN 16714-3Nondestructive testing Thermographic testing Part 3: Terms and definitions;English version EN 167143:2016,English translation of DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11Zerstrungsfreie Prfung Thermografische Prfung Teil 3: Begriffe;Englische Fassung EN 167143:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN
3、16714-3:2016-11Essais non destructifs Analyses thermographiques Partie 3: Termes et dfinitions;Version anglaise EN 167143:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11SupersedesDIN 541903:200602www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall b
4、e considered authoritative.Document comprises 12 pages 10.16 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16714-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in
5、its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-08-27 AA Visuelle und thermografische Prfung. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 54190-3:2006-02 as follows: a) DIN 54190-3:2006-02 has been adopted at European level a
6、nd brought in line with the state of the art; b) the terms and definitions have been adapted and further terms, e.g. from DIN 54190-1 and DIN 54190-2, have been added; c) some minor editorial amendments have been made. Previous editions DIN 54190-3: 2006-02 DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EUROPEAN STANDARD NO
7、RME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16714-3 August 2016 ICS 01.040.19; 19.100 English Version Non-destructive testing - Thermographic testing - Part 3: Terms and definitions Essais non destructifs - Analyses thermographiques - Partie 3: Termes et dfinitions Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Thermografische Prfu
8、ng - Teil 3: Begriffe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 June 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
9、bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the re
10、sponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav
11、Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE N
12、ORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16714-3:2016 EEN 16714-3:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword .
13、 3 1 Scope 4 2 Terms and definitions . 4 DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16714-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the s
14、tatus of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th
15、e subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN 16714, Non-destructive testing Thermographic testing consists of the following parts: Part 1: General principles Part 2: Equipment Part 3: Terms and definitions According to the CEN-CENELE
16、C Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icel
17、and, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard establishes terms and definitions for t
18、hermographic testing. 2 Terms and definitions 2.1 absorptance ratio of absorbed radiant power to the incident radiant power Note 1 to entry: Absorptance may vary with wavelength, temperature and angle. 2.2 active thermography thermographic procedure in which an artificial or natural source of energy
19、 is used to produce a non-stationary heat flux for the purpose of testing 2.3 anti-reflectance coating coating of infrared or optical elements (lenses, protective windows) to increase the transmission of certain wavelength ranges by minimizing or suppressing reflections at interfaces 2.4 atmospheric
20、 temperature Tatmtemperature of the atmosphere between camera and measured object 2.5 atmospheric attenuation reduction of flux densities of electromagnetic radiation on the path through the atmosphere Note 1 to entry: The atmosphere between object and camera attenuates IR radiation. Besides absorpt
21、ion of radiation by gases, e.g. water vapour (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), radiation is attenuated by scattering (dust, fog, rain, snow, etc.). 2.6 comparative thermography thermographic procedure that evaluates temperature differences or phase differences or differences of secondary parameters 2.
22、7 chromatic aberration wavelength dependent aberration of lens Note 1 to entry: Due to dispersion (wavelength dependent index of refraction), different spectral parts are imaged in different image planes. This aberration is increasing with the spectral bandwidth of captured radiation. DIN EN 16714-3
23、:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 5 2.8 close-up lens additional lens which is placed in front of an existing IR lens to decrease the minimum distance between camera and object Note 1 to entry: Close-up lenses are an inexpensive alternative to macro lenses to adapt the field of view of a camera or lens to
24、 visualize small objects. 2.9 data analysis application of algorithms and calculations in order to increase the contrast of indications of recorded data 2.10 differential temperature temperature difference between two temperature values recorded at different positions and/or at different times Note
25、1 to entry: Temperature differences are used, e.g. for subtracting the temperature of an undisturbed area or for subtracting the zero image (thermogram before heating) from a data sequence. 2.11 diffraction limit limit of spatial resolution due to diffraction of optical systems Note 1 to entry: Diff
26、raction at diaphragms, lens holders, etc. physically limits the spatial resolution of IR cameras. The limit can be estimated with the Rayleigh criterion. Diffraction depends on the wavelength of radiation as well as shape and dimension of beam-narrowing components. 2.12 emissivity ratio of the power
27、 radiated by real bodies to the power that is radiated by a black-body at the same temperature Note 1 to entry: The emissivity can depend on the wavelength, the angle of emission, the body temperature and other factors. In this general case the ratio of the spectral radiance of a real body and a bla
28、ck-body is called spectral directional emissivity. In thermography practice, only the emissivity within the spectral sensitivity range of the IR camera is relevant. It is used for correcting temperature measurements carried out with the IR camera (settings of IR cameras for temperature measurements)
29、. 2.13 extension ring ring that is placed between the camera and the lens to increase the distance between image plane and lens (increase of magnification) 2.14 external heating source heating source which is used for external heating in active thermography for introducing a non-stationary heat tran
30、sfer into the object under test Note 1 to entry: As external heating source, e.g. flash lamps, halogen lamps, lasers, inductive coils, ultrasonic sonotrodes can be used. DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 6 2.15 field of view FOV image section that is captured by an IR camera Note 1 to entry:
31、 The field of view depends amongst others on the focal length of the lens. 2.16 fill factor ratio of the sum of all single detector areas to the total area of the detector array Note 1 to entry: The fill factor is an important parameter to describe the properties of detector arrays. Arrays with high
32、 fill factors produce homogenous images. However, high fill factors are also prone to crosstalk of neighbouring detector elements. 2.17 fixed pattern noise influence of different sensitivities of single detectors and readout circuit in FPA cameras 2.18 focal plane array FPA detector consisting of a
33、one- or two-dimensional array of single detectors 2.19 frame rate number of thermograms (frames) of a specific resolution per second, which are recorded with the IR camera 2.20 image averaging averaging of consecutive images (thermograms, frames) to improve the thermal resolution of IR cameras Note
34、1 to entry: Image averaging improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Image averaging improves the thermal resolution of IR cameras at the expense of temporal resolution. To avoid blurred images, image averaging should only be used for slowly moving cameras or slowly changing temperature distributio
35、ns. 2.21 infrared (IR) camera optical device including lens, filters, FPA and internal data processing for collecting and imaging the infrared radiation emitted by an object under test and which is measuring the radiation flux and/or the temperature Note 1 to entry: Only the wavelength interval of i
36、nfrared radiation transmitted by the lens and filters and where the FPA is sensitive is detected. 2.22 IR-imager IR-viewer infrared camera for visualizing infrared radiation without measurement functionalities DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 7 2.23 instantaneous field of view IFOV image se
37、ction of a single detector element of IR camera Note 1 to entry: The instantaneous field of view specifies the spatial resolution of IR cameras. It is strictly applicable only to scanning cameras with one single detector element. The spatial resolution for measurement of focal plane array can be det
38、ermined by the slit response function (SRF). 2.24 integration time time during which the incoming infrared radiation is accumulated (integrated) on the detectors of the FPA Note 1 to entry: The longer the integration time, the more light is collected. A long integration time applied to objects with
39、high temperature may saturate the detectors. Note 2 to entry: The shortest integration time is usually limited by the speed of the detector. 2.25 long-wave infrared LWIR wavelength range between 8,0 m and 14,0 m 2.26 measurement field of view MFOV smallest target spot size on which an infrared camer
40、a can fulfil measurement, expressed in terms of angular subtense Note 1 to entry: The slit response function (SRF) test and the hole response function (HRF) test are typical methods used to measure MFOV. 2.27 mid-wave infrared MWIR wavelength range between 2,0 m and 5,0 m 2.28 minimum resolvable tem
41、perature difference MRTD measure of the ability of an infrared imaging system and the human observer to recognize periodic bar targets on a display 2.29 modulation (of heat source) procedure in which amplitude, phase and/or frequency of the periodic or impulse excitation function of a heat source is
42、 modified DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 8 2.30 noise equivalent temperature difference NETD temperature difference of a black-body radiator that corresponds to the signal-to-noise ratio of 1 that is caused by a temporal noise Note 1 to entry: The noise equivalent temperature difference i
43、s measured in kelvin for a given object temperature at a certain integration time. 2.31 non-uniformity correction NUC image correction carried out by the camera software to compensate for different sensitivities of detector elements and other optical and geometrical disturbances 2.32 passive thermog
44、raphy thermographic procedure in which no external heating source is used for the purpose of testing, only heat flow due to intrinsic heat of the object under test is used 2.33 phase angle phase angle between a thermal signal at the surface of the object and the excitation signal of an external heat
45、ing source at a frequency f Note 1 to entry: The phase angle is measured in degree or in rad. In general, the phase angle is composed of a physical part which is given by the phase angle between temperature at the surface of the object and the heat flux density of an external heating source at the h
46、eating location due to the heat conduction transfer processes and an instrumental part which is given by the phase angle between the excitation signal of an external heating source and its heat flux density 2.34 qualitative thermography thermography in which the radiation flux or the temperature or
47、the phase angle or secondary parameters derived there from are not determined 2.35 quantitative thermography thermography in which the radiation flux, the temperature, the phase angle or secondary parameters derived there from are determined 2.36 quantum detector semiconductor detector that absorbs
48、IR radiation by producing electron-hole pairs (photoelectric effect) thereby altering electrical conductivity or generating photovoltage or photocurrent 2.37 quantum well infrared photon detector QWIP detector special type of infrared detector which uses the effect of photoexcitation of electrons (h
49、oles) between the base and the first excitation levels in the conduction (valence) band of so-called quantum wells DIN EN 16714-3:2016-11EN 16714-3:2016 (E) 9 2.38 reflectance ratio of reflected radiant power to incident radiant power 2.39 reflected apparent temperature Treflapparent temperature of the environment that is reflected by the target into the IR camera and it is measured on a diffuse reflector placed in the same plane as the target Note 1 to entry: Neg
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