DIN EN ISO 10545-4-2014 Ceramic tiles - Part 4 Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength (ISO 10545-4 2014) German version EN ISO 10545-4 2014《瓷砖 第4部分 断裂模数和破坏强度的测定(.pdf

1、November 2014 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 91.100.23!%=mg“2267468www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 10545-4Ceramic tiles Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength(ISO 10545-4:2014);English version EN ISO 10545-4:2014,English translation of DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11Keramische Fliesen und Platten Teil 4: Bestimmung der Biegefesti

3、gkeit und der Bruchlast (ISO 10545-4:2014);Englische Fassung EN ISO 10545-4:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11Carreaux et dalles cramiques Partie 4: Dtermination de la rsistance la flexion et de la force de rupture(ISO 10545-4:2014);Version anglaise EN ISO 10545-4:2014,Traducti

4、on anglaise de DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11SupersedesDIN EN ISO 10545-4:2012-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises 10 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.10.14 DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This docume

5、nt (EN ISO 10545-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189 “Ceramic tile” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 67 “Ceramic tiles” (Secretariat: UNI, Italy). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Bauwesen (DIN Standards Commi

6、ttee Building and Civil Engineering), Working Committee NA 005-09-82 AA Keramische Fliesen und Platten (SpA zu CEN/TC 67 und ISO/TC 189). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2012-04 as follows: a) drying of the test specimens has been changed; b) a NOTE has been added relating t

7、o the cutting of the tiles; c) Figure 1 “Application of load to test specimen” has been added; d) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 51090: 1956-06, 1071-01 DIN EN 100: 1985-03, 1992-01 DIN EN ISO 10545-4: 1997-12, 2012-04 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NO

8、RM EN ISO 10545-4 July 2014 ICS 91.100.23 Supersedes EN ISO 10545-4:2012English Version Ceramic tiles - Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength (ISO 10545-4:2014) Carreaux et dalles cramiques - Partie 4: Dtermination de la rsistance la flexion et de la force de rupture (ISO

9、 10545-4:2014) Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 4: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit und der Bruchlast (ISO 10545-4:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 June 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving t

10、his European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official

11、 versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus

12、tria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swed

13、en, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CE

14、N national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10545-4:2014 EContents PageForeword .31 Scope . 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions . 44 Principle 55 Apparatus . 56 Test specimens 57 Procedure. 68 Calculation 69 Test report . 7DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 2 DIN EN ISO 10545-4:

15、2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 3Foreword This document (EN ISO 10545-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189 “Ceramic tile” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 67 “Ceramic tiles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the stat

16、us of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the sub

17、ject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 10545-4:2012. ISO 10545 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ceramic Tiles: Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance Part 2: Det

18、ermination of dimensions and surface quality Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitut

19、ion Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion Par

20、t 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles Part 12: Determination of frost resistance Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles Part 16: Determination of small colo

21、ur differences According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedon

22、ia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10545-4:2014 has been approved by CEN

23、 as EN ISO 10545-4:2014 without any modification. 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 10545 specifies a test method for determining the modulus of rupture and breaking strength of all ceramic tiles.NOTE ISO 13006 provides property requirements for tiles and other useful information on these products.2 Normative

24、 referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli

25、es.ISO 48:2010, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD)ISO 13006, Ceramic tiles Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.

26、1breaking loadFforce necessary to cause the test specimen to break, as read from the pressure gaugeNote 1 to entry: See 7.5 and Figure 1.Note 2 to entry: The breaking load is expressed in newtons.3.2breaking strengthSforce obtained by multiplying the breaking load by the ratio (span between support

27、rods)/(width of the test specimen)Note 1 to entry: See Formula (1) in Clause 8.Note 2 to entry: The breaking strength is expressed in newtons3.3modulus of ruptureRquantity obtained by dividing the calculated breaking strength by the square of the minimum thickness along the broken edgeNote 1 to entr

28、y: See Formula (2) in Clause 8.DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 4 Note 2 to entry: The modulus of rupture is expressed in newtons per square millimetre.4 PrincipleDetermination of the breaking load, breaking strength, and modulus of rupture of a tile by applying a force at a specif

29、ied rate to the centre of the tile, the point of application being in contact with the proper surface of the tile.5 Apparatus5.1 Drying oven, capable of being operated at (110 5) C.Microwave, infrared or other drying systems can be used provided that it has been determined that equal results are obt

30、ained.5.2 Recording pressure gauge, accurate to 2,0 %.5.3 Two cylindrical support rods, made of metal, the parts in contact with the test specimens being covered with rubber having a hardness of (50 5) IRHD, measured in accordance with ISO 48.One rod shall be slightly pivotable (see Figure 2) and th

31、e other shall be slightly rotatable about its own axis. See Table 1 for relevant dimensions.5.4 Central cylindrical rod, of the same diameter as the support rods (5.3) and covered with the same rubber, for transmission of the load.This rod shall also be slightly pivotable (see Figure 2). See Table 1

32、 for relevant dimensions.Table 1 Diameter of rods, d, thickness of rubber, t, and overlap of tile beyond the edge supports, l1Dimensions of tile,L mmDiameter of rod,dmmThickness of rubber,TmmOverlap of tile beyond the edge supports,l1mm18 L 1000 57 Procedure7.1 Remove any loosely adhering particles

33、from the back of all test specimens with a stiff brush. Dry each test specimens in the drying oven (5.1) maintained over 105 C during at least 24 h, and let them cool until they reach room temperature. Test specimens shall be tested not later than 3 h after they have reached room temperature.7.2 Pla

34、ce a test specimen on the support rods (5.3), with the glazed or proper surface uppermost so that the test specimen projects by a length l1(see Table 1 and Figure 1) beyond each support rod.7.3 In the case of reversible tiles, such as unglazed ceramic mosaic tiles, it does not matter which side of t

35、he tile is uppermost. For extruded tiles, place the test specimen so that the projecting ribs are at right angles to the support rods. For all other rectangular tiles, place the test specimens so that the longer side, L, is at right angles to the support rods.7.4 For tiles with a relief surface, pla

36、ce a second layer of rubber, of the appropriate thickness given in Table 1, on the central rod (5.4) in contact with the relief surface.7.5 Position the central rod equidistant between the support rods. Apply the load evenly in such a way as to obtain a rate of increase in stress of (1 0,2) N/mm2per

37、 second; the actual rate per second can be calculated by Formula (2) given in Clause 8. Record the breaking load F.8 CalculationUse only the results for test specimens that break within a central portion of length equivalent to one third of the distance between the supporting rods to calculate the m

38、ean breaking strength and the mean modulus of rupture. A minimum of five acceptable results is necessary to calculate the mean value.If there are fewer than five acceptable results, a second sample shall be tested consisting of twice the number of tiles. A minimum of 10 acceptable results is then re

39、quired to calculate the average value.The breaking strength, S, expressed in newtons, is calculated by means of Formula (1):SFlb=2(1)whereF is the breaking load, expressed in newtons;l2is the span between the support rods (see Figure 1), in mm;b is the width of the test specimen, in mm.DIN EN ISO 10

40、545-4:2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 6 The modulus of rupture, R, expressed in newtons per square millimetre, is calculated by means of Formula (2):RFlbhSh=3232222(2)whereF is the breaking load, expressed in newtons;l2is the span between the support rods (see Figure 1), in mm;b is the width of the

41、test specimen, in mm;h is the minimum thickness of the test specimen measured after the test along the broken edge, in mm.The calculation of the modulus of rupture is based on a rectangular cross-section. In the case of tiles with variable thickness along the broken edge, approximate results only ar

42、e produced. The shallower the relief, the more exact are the approximations.Record all individual results.Calculate the mean breaking strength and the mean modulus of rupture of the sample as the mean of the acceptable results.9 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) r

43、eference to this part of ISO 10545;b) description of the tiles, including relief surface, if any;c) number of test specimens in the sample;d) the values of d, t, l1, and l2(see Figure 1);e) the breaking load, F, of each test specimen;f) the mean breaking load;g) the breaking strength, S, of each tes

44、t specimen;h) the mean value of the breaking strength;i) the modulus of rupture, R, of each test specimen;j) the mean value of the modulus of rupture;k) the note “test performed on cut tiles” when applicable.DIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 7 Figure 1 Application of load to test specimenFigure 2 Allowable movement of rodsDIN EN ISO 10545-4:2014-11 EN ISO 10545-4:2014 (E) 8