DIN EN ISO 10930-2013 Soil quality - Measurement of the stability of soil aggregates subjected to the action of water (ISO 10930 2012) German version EN ISO 10930 2013《土质 集料土经受水作用的.pdf

1、May 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13

2、.080.05!%#t“2008881www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 10930Soil quality Measurement of the stability of soil aggregates subjected to the actionof water (ISO 10930:2012);English version EN ISO 10930:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05Bodenbeschaffenheit Messung der Stabilitt von Bodenaggregaten g

3、egen Wasserbewegung (ISO 10930:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 10930:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05Qualit du sol Mesure de la stabilit dagrgats de sols soumis laction de leau (ISO 10930:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 10930:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05www

4、.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1905.13 DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 10930:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality”

5、and has been taken over as EN ISO 10930:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 119-01-02

6、-02 UA Chemische und physikalische Verfahren of NA 119-01-02 AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchungen. Working Committee NA 119-01-02 AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchungen voted against the adoption of International Standard ISO 10930 as a European Standard because the three different treatment methods speci

7、fied in the standard result in different MWD values that cannot be compared with one another. However, these values are combined in Table 1 and interpreted together, which could easily lead to an incorrect interpretation. Because the majority of CEN/TC 345 members nevertheless voted to adopt this st

8、andard, DIN is obligated to publish it as a DIN EN Standard. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 3310-1 DIN ISO 3310-1 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing

9、Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10930 February 2013 ICS 13.080.05 English Version Soil quality - Measurement of the stability of soil aggregates subjected to the action of water (ISO 10930:2012) Qualit du sol - Mesure de la stabilit da

10、grgats de sols soumis laction de leau (ISO 10930:2012) Bodenbeschaffenheit - Messung der Stabilitt von Bodenaggregaten gegen Wasserbewegung (ISO 10930:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 February 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which

11、stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This Europ

12、ean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are

13、 the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom

14、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means

15、reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10930:2013: EContents EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 2 Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Reagent and equipment required for stability tests .5 5 Procedures .7 5.

16、1 General 7 5.2 Field sampling 7 5.3 Preparation of the soil sample .7 5.4 Treatment methods8 5.5 Measurement of the size distribution of the remaining aggregates .9 6 Calculation 10 6.1 General 10 6.2 Corrected MWD for soils with gravels .10 7 Additional treatment for dispersible soils .10 8 Interp

17、retation of the results 10 9 Test report 12 Annex A (informative) Flow diagram of the measurement of aggregate stability 13 Annex B (informative) Examples of the presentation of the results of tests on the same sample 14 Annex C (informative) Sensivity and repeatability test of the method for seven

18、operators on a reference sample .16 Bibliography 17 Foreword The text of ISO 10930:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10930:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Chara

19、cterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by A

20、ugust 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards

21、organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo

22、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10930:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10930:2013 without any modification. EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013

23、-05 3 IntroductionThe purpose of the method specified in this International Standard is to provide a realistic analysis of the structural stability of soil aggregates when subjected to the action of weather, cultivation, etc. and to enable the soils to be classified on the basis of the stability of

24、their aggregates.The methodology is, to a great extent, based on Hnin and Combeaus structural stability test (1958)1. However, it also includes certain aspects of other methods Yoder (1936)2, Emerson (1954)3, Grieve (1980)4, Kemper and Rosenau (1986)5, Matkin and Smart (1987)6, as well as the result

25、s from Le Bissonnais (1988)7, Le Bissonnais et al. (1989)8, Le Bissonnais and Le Souder (1995)9, and Le Bissonnais (1996)10.The aim of the set of three treatments specified in this International Standard is to provide a means of predicting the behaviour of soil, with respect to its structural stabil

26、ity, for different conditions of soil wetting by water, which simulate different climatic, hydraulic and mechanical conditions that might be encountered in the field. It is therefore recommended that the three treatments be used in order to provide scientific information on the different mechanisms

27、which can destroy soil aggregates. However, the use of the fast wetting test only, which is less time-consuming, can prove sufficient for a simple sample comparison.The treatments were chosen for the following purposes: to distinguish between the various mechanisms; to distinguish between the disagg

28、regation phase and the measurement of the result of the disaggregation; to express the results in a form that can be easily interpreted by comparison with physical soil behaviour in situ.Following the method proposed in Reference 1, this method recommends the use of ethyl alcohol to ensure that disa

29、ggregation is well controlled on the one hand and, on the other hand, to limit the reaggregation of the particles on drying.EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 4 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the treatments for the measurement of the stability of soil aggregates. It can be

30、applied to a wide range of materials originating mainly from the tilled horizons of cultivated soils. It can, however, also apply to any soil profile horizon, whether it is cultivated or not. Aggregates ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm are measured.However, the presence of gravel in the 2 mm to 5 mm fracti

31、on can distort the results. If the percentage of gravel is between 10 % and 40 %, the 2 mm fraction of the gravel obtained from the tests should be washed and a mean weighted diameter (MWD, see 6.1) calculated with and without gravel. If the percentage of gravel is 40 %, the structural stability tes

32、ts are not significant. The method does not apply to unstructured materials, as they are not sufficiently cohesive to form millimetric aggregates.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition ci

33、ted applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3310-1:2000, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms a

34、nd definitions apply.3.1aggregatesemi-permanent structural unit comprising small particles and associated matter bonded together3.2mean weighted diameterMWDsum of the product of the mean diameter multiplied by the percentage by mass of the particles in each of the seven size classes (according to 6.

35、1) divided by 100NOTE This diameter is expressed in millimetres.4 Reagent and equipment required for stability tests4.1 Ethyl alcohol 95 % (V/V) ethanol.4.2 Sieving device producing a helical movement. Diameter of the vessel: 200 mm. Height of the vessel: 90 mm. Diameter of the sieve: 100 mm. Rotati

36、on about the centre line: horizontal rotation angle = 0 to 180.EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 5 Rinse and fall: 45 mm vertically.Hnin-Fodoroffs device is recommended for this purpose.Figure 1 shows an example of a sieving device.Key1 50 m sieve2 vessel filled with ethyl alcoholFigure

37、 1 Example of a sieving device4.3 Balance, with an accuracy of 1 mg.4.4 Oven.4.5 Beakers, nominal volume 250 ml.4.6 Erlenmeyer flasks with stoppers, nominal volume 250 ml.4.7 Evaporation dishes, nominal volume 60 ml.4.8 Sieves, stainless steel, square mesh, 100 mm in diameter, 45 mm high, sizes (mm)

38、: 5,0, 3,0, 2,0, 1,0, 0,5, 0,2, 0,1, 0,05, respectively, in accordance with ISO 3310-1.NOTE A 3,15 mm sieve can be used instead of a 3,0 mm sieve.4.9 Sieve, stainless steel, 0,05 mm square mesh, 100 mm in diameter, 60 mm high, in accordance with ISO 3310-1.4.10 Plastic angled-spout wash bottles, nom

39、inal volume 500 ml.4.11 Vessel, with a capacity of approximately 3 l, used for sieving in ethyl alcohol.EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 6 4.12 Flat vessel, approximately 8 cm high with a capacity of approximately 8 l, which is able to contain the permeable plastic block (4.14).4.13 Pi

40、pette, nominal volume 50 ml, and inherent soft plastic-like rubber pear-shaped bulb.4.14 Permeable plastic block, 30 mm thick, sufficient in area and shape to almost cover the bottom of the flat vessel (4.12) (e.g. synthetic foam, 30 kg/m3).NOTE If no suitable plastic block is available, a 30-mm-thi

41、ck bed of fine or medium sand may be used.4.15 Filter papers, with a retention capacity of 2 m.4.16 Rigid plastic or metal containers, for the field samples.4.17 Sampling tools: shovel or spade.5 Procedures5.1 GeneralThe sequence of operations is illustrated in Annex A.5.2 Field samplingTake a sampl

42、e of approximately 1 kg of soil from the layer of soil to be analysed, if possible under moderately humid conditions (between the field moisture capacity and the wilting point), for example in the case of cultivated soils, the conditions under which seed beds can be prepared or a maximum yield of ag

43、gregates obtained from the sample (yield = ratio between a 3 mm to 5 mm mass of aggregates and an initial sample of soil). In the event of crusting or litter on the surface of the soil, take the sample from below. The soils structural stability may vary cyclically throughout the year. It is therefor

44、e recommended that soil samples always be taken at the same time of year to ensure better comparison. Samples shall be transported from the field to the laboratory in such a way that no significant damage occurs to the aggregates. In most cases, a rigid container is required.Samples shall be restrai

45、ned from movement within their containers.5.3 Preparation of the soil samplePrepare the aggregates as soon as possible after sampling, otherwise some changes may occur during the process, affecting the stability. Immediately after samples reach the laboratory, they shall be spread out in flat contai

46、ners in a temperate (about 20 C) well-ventilated atmosphere to be air-dried. If this is not possible, store the boxes in a fridge at 4 C to minimize biologic activity and avoid changes in temperature.If necessary, samples may at this stage be reduced in size using any recognized method to produce a

47、representative subsample for the test.During the drying period, oversize aggregates shall be manually broken under optimum humid conditions until the whole sample, except for stones, passes through a 5 mm sieve. The mass of stones rejected shall be recorded. Care shall be taken that excessive diminu

48、tion of the aggregates does not occur.After all of the aggregates have been passed through a 5 mm sieve, undersized aggregates and other materials shall be separated by use of a 3 mm sieve. The dry mass of the undersized material shall be recorded. Aggregates passing through a 5 mm sieve and retaine

49、d by a 3 mm sieve shall be retained for further testing. Immediately before testing, the aggregates shall be oven-dried at 40 C for 24 h and cooled in a desiccator, so that, as far as possible, the aggregates are always subjected to the same treatment (5.4).EN ISO 10930:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 10930:2013-05 7 5.4 Treatment methods5.4.1 Treatment 1: fast wetting by immersion in waterThis treatment is used to test the behaviour of dry materials subjected to sudden wetting, such as irrigation by submersion o