1、January 2010DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 11No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.060!$Tt“1564981www.
2、din.deDDIN EN ISO 12213-1Natural gas Calculation of compression factor Part 1: Introduction and guidelines (ISO 12213-1:2006)English version of DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01Erdgas Berechnung von Realgasfaktoren Teil 1: Einfhrung und Leitfaden (ISO 12213-1:2006)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-
3、01SupersedesDIN EN ISO 12213-1:2005-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages18DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas”, Subcommittee SC 1 “Analysis of natural gas” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible Germa
4、n body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-73 AA Gasanalyse und Gasbeschaffenheit. DIN EN ISO 12213 consists of the following parts, under the general title Natural gas Calculation of compression fact
5、or: Part 1: Introduction and guidelines Part 2: Calculation using molar-composition analysis Part 3: Calculation using physical properties The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 6976 DIN EN ISO 6976 ISO 13443 DIN EN ISO 13443 A
6、mendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2005-09 as follows: a) The year of publication of Reference 5 in the Bibliography has been corrected. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 12213-1: 2005-09 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 6976, Natural gas Calculation of calorif
7、ic values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition DIN EN ISO 13443, Natural gas Standard reference conditions 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12213-1 September 2009 ICS 75.060 Supersedes EN ISO 12213-1:2005English Version Natural gas - Calculation of co
8、mpression factor - Part 1: Introduction and guidelines (ISO 12213-1:2006) Gaz naturel - Calcul du facteur de compression - Partie 1: Introduction et lignes directrices (ISO 12213-1:2006) Erdgas - Berechnung von Realgasfaktoren - Teil 1: Einfhrung und Leitfaden (ISO 12213-1:2006) This European Standa
9、rd was approved by CEN on 13 August 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning su
10、ch national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own langua
11、ge and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Lux
12、embourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All ri
13、ghts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12213-1:2009: EContents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 5 4 General principles. 7 5 Guidelines 8 5.1 Pipeline quality natural gases . 8 5.2 O
14、ther gases and other applications 11 Annex A (normative) Symbols and units. 14 Annex B (informative) Computer program. 15 Bibliography . 16 EN ISO 12213-1:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 2.Foreword The text of ISO 12213-1:2006 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas” of
15、the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 12213-1:2009. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2010, and conflicting national standa
16、rds shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 12
17、213-1:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irel
18、and, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12213-1:2006 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12213-1:2009 without any modification. EN ISO
19、12213-1:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 31 Scope ISO 12213 specifies methods for the calculation of compression factors of natural gases, natural gases containing a synthetic admixture and similar mixtures at conditions under which the mixture can exist only as a gas. It is divided into three pa
20、rts: this part of ISO 12213 gives an introduction and provides guidelines for the methods of calculation described in ISO 12213-2 and ISO 12213-3. Part 2 gives a method for use where the detailed molar composition of the gas is known. Part 3 gives a method for use where a less detailed analysis, com
21、prising superior calorific value (volumetric basis), relative density, carbon dioxide content and (if non-zero) hydrogen content, is available. Both methods are applicable to dry gases of pipeline quality within the range of conditions under which transmission and distribution, including metering fo
22、r custody transfer or other accounting purposes, are normally carried out. In general, such operations take place at temperatures between about 263 K and 338 K (approximately 10 C to 65 C) and pressures not exceeding 12 MPa (120 bar). Within this range, the uncertainty of prediction of both methods
23、is about 0,1 % provided that the input data, including the relevant pressure and temperature, have no uncertainty. NOTE Pipeline quality gas is used in this International Standard as a concise term for gas which has been processed so as to be suitable for use as industrial, commercial or domestic fu
24、el. Although there is no formal international agreement upon the composition and properties of a gas which complies with this concept, some quantitative guidance is provided in 5.1.1. A detailed gas quality specification is usually a matter for contractual arrangements between buyer and seller. The
25、method given in Part 2 is also applicable (with increased uncertainty) to broader categories of natural gas, including wet or sour gases, within a wider range of temperatures and to higher pressures, for example for reservoir or underground storage conditions or for vehicular (NGV) applications. The
26、 method given in Part 3 is applicable to gases with a higher content of nitrogen, carbon dioxide or ethane than normally found in pipeline quality gas. The method may also be applied over wider ranges of temperature and pressure but with increased uncertainty. For the calculation methods described t
27、o be valid, the gas must be above its water and hydrocarbon dewpoints at the prescribed conditions. This International Standard gives all of the equations and numerical values needed to implement both methods. It is planned to make verified computer programs available (see Annex B). EN ISO 12213-1:2
28、009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 42 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
29、 applies. ISO 6976, Natural gas Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition ISO 13443, Natural gas Standard reference conditions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of the various parts of this International Standard, the following terms and defin
30、itions apply. 3.1 compression factor Z ratio of the volume of an arbitrary mass of gas, at a specified pressure and temperature, to the volume of the same mass of gas under the same conditions as calculated from the ideal-gas law, as follows: Z = Vm(real)/Vm(ideal) (1) where Vm(ideal) = RT/p (2) NOT
31、E 1 Thus Z(p, T, y) = pVm(p, T, y)/(RT) (3) where p is the absolute pressure; T is the thermodynamic temperature; y is a set of parameters which uniquely characterizes the gas (in principle, the latter may be the complete molar composition or a distinctive set of dependent physico-chemical propertie
32、s, or a mixture of both); Vmis the molar volume of the gas; R is the molar gas constant, in coherent units. NOTE 2 The compression factor is a dimensionless quantity usually close to unity. NOTE 3 The terms “compressibility factor” and “Z-factor” are synonymous with compression factor. 3.2 density m
33、ass of a given quantity of gas divided by its volume at specified conditions of pressure and temperature 3.3 molar composition term used when the proportion of each component in a homogeneous mixture is expressed as a mole (or molar) fraction, or mole (molar) percentage, of the whole EN ISO 12213-1:
34、2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 5NOTE 1 Thus the mole fraction xiof component i is the ratio of the number of moles of component i in a given volume of a mixture to the total number of moles of all the components in the same volume of the mixture. One mole of any chemical species is the amount o
35、f substance which contains the relative molecular mass in grams. A table of recommended values of relative molecular masses is given in ISO 6976. NOTE 2 For an ideal gas, the mole fraction (or percentage) is identical to the volume fraction (or percentage), but this is not in general a sufficiently
36、accurate approximation to real-gas behaviour for the purposes of this International Standard. 3.4 molar calorific value H amount of heat which would be released by the complete combustion in air of the hydrocarbons in one mole of natural gas in such a way that the pressure at which the reaction take
37、s place remains constant and all the products of combustion are returned to the same specified temperature as that of the reactants, all of these products being in the gaseous state except for water formed by combustion, which is condensed to the liquid state at the specified temperature NOTE 1 The
38、molar calorific value only includes the hydrocarbons in the natural gas, i.e. inert components (primarily nitrogen, carbon dioxide and helium) and other combustible components (such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide) are excluded. NOTE 2 The specified temperature is 298,15 K (25 C) and the reference p
39、ressure is 101,325 kPa. NOTE 3 The term “molar heating value” is synonymous with “molar calorific value”. 3.5 superior calorific value (volumetric basis) HSamount of heat which would be released by the complete combustion in air of all the combustible components in unit volume of natural gas in such
40、 a way that the pressure at which the reaction takes place remains constant and all the products of combustion are returned to the same specified temperature as that of the reactants, all of these products being in the gaseous state except for water formed by combustion, which is condensed to the li
41、quid state at the specified temperature NOTE 1 The superior calorific value includes all the combustible components in the natural gas. NOTE 2 The reference temperature at which the volume is measured is 273,15 K (0 C) and the specified temperature at which combustion takes place is 298,15 K (25 C).
42、 The reference pressure is 101,325 kPa. NOTE 3 Annex D of ISO 12213-3:2006 gives conversion factors which enable superior calorific values and relative densities determined at other reference or specified temperatures, and other reference pressures, including the ISO standard reference conditions (s
43、ee ISO 13443), to be used as input data for the calculation method described. NOTE 4 The terms “gross”, “higher”, “upper” and “total calorific value” and “heating value” are synonymous with “superior calorific value”. 3.6 relative density d ratio of the mass of a given volume of natural gas to the m
44、ass of dry air of standard composition which would be contained in the same volume at the same reference conditions of pressure and temperature NOTE 1 The relative density includes all the components of the natural gas. NOTE 2 The standard composition of dry air is given in ISO 6976. NOTE 3 In this
45、International Standard, the reference temperature is 273,15 K (0 C) and the reference pressure is 101,325 kPa (see Note 3 to 3.5). NOTE 4 The term “specific gravity” is synonymous with “relative density”. EN ISO 12213-1:2009 (E) DIN EN ISO 12213-1:2010-01 63.7 uncertainty of a predicted compression
46、factor Z range of values Z Z to Z + Z within which the (unknown) true value is expected to lie with a confidence level of 95 % NOTE 1 This uncertainty may be expressed either as an absolute value or as a percentage. NOTE 2 Estimates of the 95 % confidence limits are, to the extent that this is pract
47、icable, established by comparison of test data of low uncertainty with calculated values of Z. 4 General principles The methods recommended use equations which are based on the concept that any natural gas may be uniquely characterized for calculation of its volumetric properties either by component
48、 analysis or by an appropriate and distinctive set of measurable physical properties. These characteristics, together with the pressure and temperature, are used as input data for the methods. In the sense that the volumetric behaviour of a gas mixture derives directly from the numbers and types of
49、molecular interactions (collisions) which take place, a method which explicitly recognizes each molecular constituent of the mixture, and its proportion of the whole, is to some degree more fundamental than alternatives. The method given in Part 2 of this International Standard uses a detailed molar-composition analysis in which all constituents present in amounts exceeding a mole fraction of 0,000 05 should be represented. The sum of the mole fractions used should be unity to within 0,000 1. For a typical distributed (pipeline quality
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