DIN EN ISO 13503-4-2007 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Completion fluids and materials - Part 4 Procedure for measuring stimulation and gravel-pack fluid leakoff under stat.pdf

1、Februar 2007DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) im DINPreisgruppe 11DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 75.180.99!,qC“9783225www.din.deDD

2、IN EN ISO 13503-4Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie Komplettierungsflssigkeiten und -materialien Teil 4: Verfahren zur Messung von Stimulation und Verlust vonFilterflssigkeit aus Kiespackungen unter statischen Bedingungen(ISO 13503-4:2006);Englische Fassung EN ISO 13503-4:2006Petroleum and natural gas indust

3、ries Completion fluids and materials Part 4: Procedure for measuring stimulation and gravel-pack fluid leakoff under staticconditions (ISO 13503-4:2006);English version EN ISO 13503-4:2006Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Fluides de compltion et matriaux Partie 4: Mode opratoire pour mesurer la

4、 stimulation et la fuite du fluide filtrant dans desconditions statiques (ISO 13503-4:2006);Version anglaise EN ISO 13503-4:2006Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 20 SeitenDIN EN ISO 13503-4:2007-02 2 Nationales Vorwort Diese Europische Norm wurde

5、 vom Technischen Komitee CEN/TC 12 Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie (Sekretariat: Frankreich) erstellt. Es handelt sich dabei um die unvernderte bernahme von ISO 13503-4:2006, erarbeitet von ISO/TC 67 Materials, equipment and offshore st

6、ructures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subkomitee SC 3 Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements. Fr Deutschland hat hieran der NA 109-00-01-03 AK Bohrsplung und Zemente im Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) mitgearbeitet. Diese Europische Norm enthlt un

7、ter Bercksichtigung des DIN-Prsidialbeschlusses 13/1983 nur die englische Originalfassung der ISO-Norm. Der Text dieser Norm enthlt neben den gesetzlichen Einheiten auch Einheiten wie F, psi, inch, USmesh. Es wird jedoch ausdrcklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die Anwendung dieser Einheiten im national

8、en amtlichen und geschftlichen Verkehr auf Grund des Gesetzes ber Einheiten im Messwesen nicht zulssig ist. 1 F = 5/9 C 1 psi = 6,89 kPa 1 inch = 25,4 mm 1 USmesh = 10,526 m EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13503-4 October 2006 ICS 75.100 English Version Petroleum and natural

9、 gas industries Completion fluids and materials Part 4: Procedure for measuring stimulation and gravel-pack fluid leakoff under static conditions (ISO 13503-4:2006) Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Fluides de compltion et matriaux Partie 4: Mode opratoire pour mesurer la stimulation et la fuit

10、e du fluide filtrant dans des conditions statiques (ISO 13503-4:2006) Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie Komplettierungsflssigkeiten und -materialien Teil 4: Verfahren zur Messung von Stimulation und Verlust von Filterflssigkeit aus Kiespackungen unter statischen Bedingungen (ISO 13503-4:2006) This European

11、Standard was approved by CEN on 22 September 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conc

12、erning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own

13、 language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou

14、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All right

15、s of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13503-4:2006: EEN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions .5 3 Measurement and precision .6 4 Fluid preparation6 5 Instrument calibration .6 6 Measurem

16、ent procedure .7 7 Operational procedure . 11 8 Calculations. 12 9 Report 17 10 Procedure modifications 18 EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13503-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural

17、 gas industries“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by p

18、ublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement

19、 this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kin

20、gdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13503-4:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13503-4:2006 without any modifications. EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 4 Introduction The objective of this part of ISO 13503 is to provide a standard procedure for measuring fluid loss under static conditions. This st

21、andard procedure was compiled on the basis of several years of comparative testing, debate, discussion and continued research by the industry 1). In this part of ISO 13503, where practical, US Customary (USC) units are included in parentheses for information. 1) PENNY, G.S. and CONWAY, M.W. Fluid Le

22、akoff, Recent Advances in Hydraulic Fracturing, J.L. Gidley, S.A. Holditch. D.E. Nierode and R.W. Veatch Jr. (eds), SPE Monograph 1989. EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This part of ISO 13503 provides for consistent methodology to measure fluid loss of stimulation and gravel-pack fluid under static

23、 conditions. However, the procedure in this part of ISO 13503 excludes fluids that react with porous media. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 base fluid solution media used to prepare completion fluid 2.2 filtrate fluid that per

24、meates into the porous medium 2.3 filter cake build-up of materials on the face or within the matrix of porous medium due to fluid leakoff 2.4 fluid loss fluid loss is a measure of fluid volume that leaks into a porous medium over time 2.5 gravel-pack fluids fluids used to place filtration media to

25、control formation sand production from oil and gas wells 2.6 leakoff entry of fluid into a porous media 2.7 pH negative of the logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration 2.8 spurt time time between the initial entry of fluid into porous medium and the onset of square-root-of-time leakoff

26、behaviour 2.9 shut-in time time from loading the cell to the initiation of leakoff test 2.10 spurt loss theoretical loss of fluid/filtrate at first exposure of that fluid into a porous medium 2.11 stimulation fluids fluids used to enhance production from oil and gas wells by fracturing or acidizing

27、2.12 viscosity-controlled fluid-loss coefficient measure of the leakoff rate controlled by the viscosity of filtrate EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 6 2.13 viscosity of fluid measure of the internal friction of a fluid whenever it is caused to move by an external force 2.14 wall-building coefficient measure

28、 of the leakoff rate due to filter cake formation 3 Measurement and precision Temperature shall be measured to a precision of 1 C ( 2 F). All other quantitative measurements shall be made to a precision of 2 %, unless specified otherwise. 4 Fluid preparation Certain aspects of sample preparation and

29、 handling can affect properties of a fluid. During all procedures, steps shall be taken to minimize air entrainment into the fluid. The procedure used to prepare the fluid sample shall be documented as follows: a) description and/or composition of the base fluid; b) base fluid pre-treatment such as

30、filtration; c) preparation of the fluid, which shall be described, starting with the base fluid, such as deionized water, tap water source, seawater (location) or type of organic fluids; d) identification of mixing apparatus, container volume and total volume of fluid prepared; e) time of mixing sho

31、uld include mixing time(s) at one or more mixer speed(s); f) identification of each component and amount added; g) order and method of addition of each component; h) aging or holding time at temperature, if required, prior to tests; i) test temperature; j) pH (for aqueous fluids, where applicable);

32、k) all other aspects of the fluid preparation that are known to affect the outcome of measurement. 5 Instrument calibration The instruments associated with these procedures shall be calibrated according to each manufacturers recommended method. EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 7 6 Measurement procedure 6.1 I

33、ntroduction 6.1.1 General considerations Fluid-loss tests are conducted to simulate leakoff into a formation. Fluid-loss tests measure the rate of leakoff into a porous medium to calculate fluid-loss coefficients to guide engineering design of well completion operations. This part of ISO 13503 provi

34、des guidelines on known limitations to the testing procedure. Where data are reported as being obtained using this procedure, the procedure shall be followed exactly. The fluid shall not react with instrument surfaces to generate contaminants, change critical measurement dimensions or impair proper

35、mechanical operation. 6.1.2 Apparatus Figures 1 and 2 present drawings of two types of typical static fluid-loss apparatus 2)with 175 ml and 500 ml capacities, respectively. 2) Examples of suitable fluid-loss cells are Baroid HPHT Filter Press Part Number 38700 and Chandler Engineering Model 4214. T

36、his information is given for the convenience of users of this part of ISO 13503 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of these products. EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 8 Key 1 O-ring seal 2 stem/valve 3 top cap 4 O-ring seal 5 backup ring 6 cell body 7 set screw 8 filter-paper assembly or synthetic

37、 core 9 bottom cap 10 seal mechanism 11 natural core aAssembly fluid-loss cell, 175 ml, 12 400 kPa (1 800 psi), 303 SS. bNatural core. cSynthetic core or filter-paper assembly. Figure 1 Typical 175 ml fluid-loss cell EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 9 Key 1 O-ring seal 2 stem/valve 3 bottom cap 4 O-ring seal

38、 5 cell body 6 set screw 7 filter-paper assembly or synthetic core 8 seal mechanism 9 natural core aAssembly fluid-loss cell, 500 ml, 12 400 kPa (1 800 psi), 303 SS. bNatural core. cSynthetic core or filter-paper assembly. Figure 2 Typical 500 ml fluid-loss cell The type of fluid-loss cell is not sp

39、ecified. However, the fluid-loss cell should permit use of filter paper, natural- or synthetic-core samples as the filter medium. It shall be further equipped with a back-pressure receiver to be used when the test temperature exceeds the boiling point of the filtrate. Both the fluid-loss cell and ba

40、ck-pressure receiver shall have operating limits of at least 10 342 kPa (1 500 psi) and 121 C (250 F). The test core or filter medium shall be mounted within the cell in such a way that fluid cannot bypass the core or filter medium. A schematic diagram of fluid-loss apparatus is shown in Figure 3. E

41、N ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 10 Key 1 pressurizing valve 2 fluid-loss cell 3 heating source 4 sample fluid 5 porous medium 6 filtrate valve 7 back-pressure receiver, optional 8 filtrate collector Figure 3 Static fluid loss schematic 6.2 Core 6.2.1 Selection A core sample with permeability and porosity sim

42、ilar to that of the formation to be treated is preferred (formation core may be used). The core shall be 2,54 cm (1,0 in) long and 2,54 cm (1,0 in) in diameter. Permeability of the core to air shall be determined. A synthetic, porous filter medium with physical properties similar to natural rock may

43、 also be used. 6.2.2 Preparation The core shall be saturated with the base fluid or synthetic formation fluid (examples are 2 % by mass KCl or 4 % by mass NH4Cl). In case of unknown formation fluid, the core shall be saturated with a non-sensitive brine solution that doesnt react with the matrix min

44、eralogy. EN ISO 13503-4:2006 (E) 11 7 Operational procedure 7.1 Assembly There are three procedures to assemble fluid-loss cells depending on the porous medium. These procedures are described below. 7.1.1 Filter-paper medium Place the spacer at the bottom of the cup and a 38 m (400 US mesh) screen o

45、n the spacer. Making sure the bottom valve is closed, introduce the base fluid into the cell to assure all the dead volume is filled. Then, place three 8 m pore-size cellulosic filter papers3) on top of the screen. Assemble the top and close the upper valves. Place the cell into a heat jacket and co

46、nnect the back-pressure receiver if the test temperature is above the boiling point of the fluid. Connect the pressure line to the top valve. The back-pressure receiver and heat jacket should be operated according to the manufacturers procedure. 7.1.2 Natural core Place the spacer, if applicable, at

47、 the bottom of the cup. Making sure the bottom valve is closed, introduce the base fluid into the cell to assure all the dead volume is filled. Then, place the pre-saturated core plug of 2,54 cm (1,0 in) diameter and 2,54 cm (1,0 in) length in a core holder and place it inside the cell according to

48、the manufacturers procedure. Assemble the top and close the upper valves. Place the cell into a heat jacket and connect the back-pressure receiver if the test temperature is above the boiling point of the fluid. Connect the pressure line to the top valve. The back-pressure receiver and heat jacket s

49、hould be operated according to the manufacturers procedure. 7.1.3 Synthetic core Place the spacer at the bottom of the cup and a pre-saturated ceramic disk, 6,35 cm (2,5 in) in diameter and 0,635 cm (0,25 in) thick or a pre-saturated synthetic core of similar size on top of the spacer. Making sure the bottom valve is closed, introduce the base fluid into the cell to assure all the dead volume is filled and assemble the porous medium. Assemble the top and close the upper valves. Place the ce