DIN EN ISO 13517-2013 Metallic powders - Determination of flowrate by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter) (ISO 13517 2013) German version EN ISO 13517 2013《金属粉末 利用带.pdf

1、August 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、77.160!%(.“2052911www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 13517Metallic powders Determination of flowrate by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavssonflowmeter) (ISO 13517:2013);English version EN ISO 13517:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08Metallpulver Ermittlung der Durchflussrate mit Hilfe eines k

3、alibrierten Trichters (Gustavsson flowmeter)(ISO 13517:2013);Englische Fassung EN ISO 13517:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08Poudres mtalliques Dtermination du temps dcoulement au moyen dun entonnoir calibr (cnedcoulement de Gustavsson) (ISO 13517:2013);Version anglaise EN ISO 1

4、3517:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1108.13 DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 13517:2013)

5、has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119/SC 2 “Sampling and testing methods for powders (including powders for hardmetals)” and has been taken over by Technical Committee CEN/SS M11 “Powder metallurgy Structure” (Secretariat: CCMC). The responsible German body involved in its preparation

6、was the Normenausschuss Werkstofftechnologie (Technology of Materials Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 145-01-02 AA Probenahme und Prfverfahren fr Pulver (einschlielich Pulver fr Hartmetalle). The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are a

7、s follows: ISO 5725-2 DIN ISO 5725-2 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method EUROPEAN STANDARD NO

8、RME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13517 May 2013 ICS 77.160 English Version Metallic powders - Determination of flowrate by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter) (ISO 13517:2013) Poudres mtalliques - Dtermination du temps dcoulement au moyen dun entonnoir calibr (cne dcoulement de G

9、ustavsson) (ISO 13517:2013) Metallpulver - Ermittlung der Durchflussrate mit Hilfe eines kalibrierten Trichters (Gustavsson flowmeter) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions

10、for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in th

11、ree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards b

12、odies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,

13、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CE

14、N national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13517:2013: E(ISO 13517:2013) Contents Page DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 2 Foreword 1 Scope 4 2 Principle 4 3 Apparatus .4 4 Calibration of the funnel .5 4.1 Calibration by the manufacturer of the funnel 5 4.2 Calibration by the user of the funne

15、l .6 5 Sampling .6 6 Procedure .6 7 Expression of results 7 8 Precision .7 9 Test report 8 Bibliography 9 3Foreword This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2013, and conflicting n

16、ational standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the

17、CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hun

18、gary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13517:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13517:2013 without any

19、modification. This document (EN ISO 13517:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119 “Powder metallurgy”. DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 3 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for determining the flow rate of metallic powders, including powders for har

20、dmetals and mixes of metallic powders and organic additives such as lubricants, by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter).The method is applicable only to powders which flow freely through the specified test orifice.2 PrincipleMeasurement of the time required for 50 g of a metallic powd

21、er to flow through the orifice of a calibrated funnel of standardized dimensions.3 Apparatus3.1 Calibrated funnel, with the dimensions shown in Figure 1 (see Clause 4). The dimensions shown for the flowmeter funnel, including the orifice, are not to be considered controlling factors. Calibration wit

22、h emery, as specified in Clause 4, determines the working flow rate of the funnel.The funnel shall be made of a non-magnetic, corrosion-resistant metallic material with sufficient wall thickness and hardness to withstand distortion and excessive wear.1)3.2 Stand and horizontal vibration-free base, t

23、o support the funnel rigidly, e.g. as indicated in Figure 21).3.3 Balance, of sufficient capacity, capable of weighing the test portion to an accuracy of 0,05 g.3.4 Stopwatch, capable of measuring the elapsed time to an accuracy of 0,1 s.3.5 Chinese emery grit, a reference powder used for calibratio

24、n of the funnel.1)1) Apparatus complying with 3.1 and 3.2, and standard Chinese emery grit can be purchased from ACuPowder International, LLC, 901 Lehigh Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an end

25、orsement by ISO of the company named above. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 4 Dimensions in millimetresFigure 1 Calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter)Figure 2 Arrangement of calibrated funnel and stand4

26、 Calibration of the funnel4.1 Calibration by the manufacturer of the funnelThe manufacturer shall supply the flowmeter calibrated as follows:a) Dry the Chinese emery grit (3.5) in an open and clean glass jar at 110 C for 60 min in air;DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 5 b) Cool the emer

27、y to room temperature in a desiccator;c) Weigh out 50 g of the emery grit;d) Follow the procedure outlined in Clause 6;e) Repeat the procedure with the same 50 g mass of emery, until there are five determinations within 0,4 s;f) The average of these five determinations is stamped on the bottom of th

28、e funnel and shall be within 40,0 0,5 s.The Chinese emery is sensitive to humidity and the instructions should therefore be followed carefully.4.2 Calibration by the user of the funnelThe flow rate of the reference sample shall be determined by the above method. If the flow rate has changed to be ou

29、tside 40,0 0,5 s, a correction factor must be used when measuring different powders. This correction factor is obtained by dividing 40,0 by this new value for the Chinese emery grit.It is recommended that the users periodically verify whether a correction is needed or not.It is recommended that, bef

30、ore a correction factor is adopted, the cause of the change be investigated. If the flow rate has decreased, it is probable that repeated use has burnished the orifice and a (new) correction factor is justified. An increase in flow rate may indicate a coating of soft powder on the orifice. This coat

31、ing should be carefully removed and the calibration test repeated.It is recommended that the use of a funnel be discontinued after the duration of flow of the reference sample has decreased to less than 37 s.5 Sampling5.1 The mass of the test sample shall be at least 200 g.5.2 In general, the powder

32、 shall be tested in the as-received condition. In certain cases, and after agreement between the supplier and user, the powder may be dried. However, if the powder is susceptible to oxidation, the drying shall take place in a vacuum or in inert gas. If the powder contains volatile substances, it sha

33、ll not be dried.5.3 Immediately before the test, weigh out a 50 0,1 g test portion.5.4 Alternatively, a test portion of 90 to 110 g can be sampled and weighed to a precision of 0,1 g or better.5.5 The determination shall be carried out on three test portions.NOTE The intention of the alternative exe

34、cution according to 5.4 is to facilitate full automation of measurement of flow and apparent density of powders.6 ProcedureTransfer the test portion to the funnel, keeping the discharge orifice closed by a dry finger. Take care that the stem of the funnel is filled with powder. Start the stopwatch (

35、3.4) when the orifice is opened and stop it at the instant when the last of the powder leaves the orifice. Record the elapsed time measured to the nearest 0,1 s.DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 6 Alternatively, the orifice can be kept open, when the test portion is transferred to the f

36、unnel with the rest of the procedure being the same.NOTE If the powder does not begin to flow when the orifice is opened, one slight tap on the funnel to start the flow is permitted. If this has no effect, or if the flow stops during the test, the powder is considered to possess no flowability accor

37、ding to the test method described in this International Standard.7 Expression of resultsCalculate the arithmetic mean of the results of the three determinations and report the value in seconds per 50 g, rounded to the nearest second.If the alternative size of the test portion according to 5.4 is app

38、lied, the result of each determination shall, before the calculation of the arithmetic mean of the results, be divided by the mass of the sample and then be multiplied by 50 g. The result is thus recalculated in seconds per 50 g.If a correction factor (see 4.2) should be used, the average shall be m

39、ultiplied by this correction factor.8 PrecisionTwo plain iron powders and four iron or bronze powder mixes were included in the inter-laboratory study to develop this precision statement. Compositions of the mixes are presented in Table 1.Table 1 Mix compositions of powder included in the inter-labo

40、ratory studyDesignation Mix compositionPlain iron powder 1 Plain atomized iron powderPlain iron powder 2 Plain sponge iron powderIron powder mix 1 Atomized iron powder + 0,8 % Graphite + 0,8 % Amide waxBronze powder mix Bronze powder + 0,375 % Stearic acid + 0,375 % Zinc stearateIron powder mix 2 At

41、omized iron powder + 2 % Ni powder + 0,8 % Graphite + 0,8 % Amide waxIron powder mix 3 Atomized iron powder + 0,8 % Graphite + 0,8 % Zinc stearateIn Table 2 the repeatability and reproducibility are presented as one standard deviation.Table 2 Repeatability and reproducibility as standard deviationsT

42、ested powderLevel (average flow time)Repeatability standard deviation srReproducibility standard deviation sRPlain iron powder 1 25 s 0,3 s 0,6 sPlain iron powder 2 32 s 0,5 s 0,7 sIron powder mix 1 48 s 1,1 s 2,2 sBronze powder mix 45 s 2,6 s 3,2 sIron powder mix 2 56 s 1,0 s 2,0 sIron powder mix 3

43、 60 s 0,8 s 4,7 sThe difference between two test results found on identical test material by one operator using the same apparatus within the shortest feasible time interval will exceed the repeatability limit (r), see Table 3, on average not more than once in 20 cases in the normal and correct oper

44、ation of the method.Test results on identical test material reported by two laboratories will differ by more than the reproducibility limit (R), see Table 3, on average not more than once in 20 cases in the normal and correct operation of the method.DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 7 T

45、able 3 Repeatability and reproducibility, difference between two tests at 95 % probability levelTested powderLevel (average flow time)Repeatability limit rReproducibility limit RPlain iron powder 1 25 s 0,9 s 1,8 sPlain iron powder 2 32 s 1,3 s 2,0 sIron powder mix 1 48 s 3,0 s 6,2 sBronze powder mi

46、x 45 s 7,3 s 9,0 sIron powder mix 2 56 s 2,7 s 5,7 sIron powder mix 3 60 s 2,2 s 13,1 sThe accuracy data were determined from an experiment organized and analysed in accordance with ISO 5725-2 in 2011 involving 17 laboratories and 6 levels. Data from none of the laboratories contained outliers.9 Tes

47、t reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 13517:2013;b) all details for identification of the test sample;c) the result obtained;d) the use of an open orifice;e) all operations not specified by this International Standard,

48、 or regarded as optional (e.g. the drying procedure applied and whether flow has been induced by tapping the funnel);f) details of any occurrence which may have affected the result.DIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 8 Bibliography1 ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement methodDIN EN ISO 13517:2013-08 EN ISO 13517:2013 (E) 9