DIN EN ISO 15743-2008 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Cold workplaces - Risk assessment and management (ISO 15743 2008) English version of DIN EN ISO 15743 2008-11《热环境的人类工效.pdf

1、November 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 16No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.040.30; 13.180!$Rd

2、f“1476567www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 15743Ergonomics of the thermal environment Cold workplaces Risk assessment and management (ISO 15743:2008)English version of DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung Arbeitspltze in der Klte Risikobewertung und Management (ISO 15743:2008)Englische Fas

3、sung DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11www.beuth.deDocument comprises 37 pagesDIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics”, Subcommittee SC 5 “Ergonomics of the physical environment” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom) in collaborat

4、ion with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-05 GA Ergonomie der physikalischen Um-gebung, ErgPhysU. In

5、 Germany the regulation of cold workplaces is governed by the collection of accident prevention regulations, BGR 500 “Betreiben von Arbeitsmitteln”, the principles of occupational health screening laid down in the document G 21 “Kltearbeiten” issued by the German Employers Liability Insurance Associ

6、ation (BG), and by the selection criteria specified for cold workplace occupational health screening in regulation BGI 504-21 “Auswahlkriterien fr die spezielle arbeitsmedizinische Vorsorge nach dem Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Grundsatz G 21 Kltearbeiten”. Trigger thresholds for determining the neces

7、sity of compulsory medical ex-aminations arranged by the employer in cases of exposure to extreme cold will be specified in a German regulation on the legal simplification and consolidation of occupational health prevention measures, which is currently in preparation. Ergonomic aspects of cold workp

8、laces are dealt with in DIN 33403-5 “Climate at the workplace and its environments Part 5: Ergonomic design of cold workplaces” and reflect best practice in Germany. In this respect, the present standard DIN EN ISO 15743 can be used to supplement the above-The DIN Standards corresponding to the Inte

9、rnational Standards referred to in the EN are as follows: ISO 9886 DIN EN ISO 9886 ISO 12894 DIN EN ISO 12894 ISO 13731 DIN EN ISO 13731 ISO/TS 14415 DIN Fachbericht ISO/TS 14415 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 9886, Ergonomics Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological me

10、asurements DIN EN ISO 12894, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments DIN EN ISO 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symbols ISO/TS 14415 (DIN Fachbericht), Ergonomics of the thermal environment Appli

11、cation of International Standards to people with special requirements mentioned regulations, particularly as it gives additional information on outdoor workplaces. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15743 July 2008 ICS 13.180 English Version Ergonomics of the thermal environmen

12、t - Cold workplaces - Risk assessment and management (ISO 15743:2008) Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Lieux de travail dans le froid - valuation et management des risques (ISO 15743:2008) Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung - Arbeitspltze in der Klte - Risikobewertung und Management (ISO 15743:2

13、008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical r

14、eferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN mem

15、ber into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

16、 Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050

17、 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15743:2008: EContents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Strategy for assessment and management 6 4.1 Co

18、ld risk assessment6 4.2 Health assessment 7 4.3 Cold risk management 8 5 Practices for cold risk assessment and management.9 5.1 Responsibilities .9 5.2 Cold risk assessment9 5.3 Cold risk management . 10 Annex A (informative) Checklist for identifying cold-related problems at work . 12 Annex B (inf

19、ormative) Analysis of cold-related problems . 16 Annex C (informative) Guidelines for planning and managing cold work . 21 Annex D (informative) Cold work health questionnaire . 26 Annex E (informative) Cold work assessment and management in indoor work Example from the food processing industry 30 B

20、ibliography. 33 2 EN ISO 15743:2008 (E)DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 3 DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 EN ISO 15743:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN ISO 15743:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretari

21、at of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. Attention is drawn to

22、 the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following co

23、untries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, S

24、pain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15743:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15743:2008 without any modification. Introduction This International Standard is one of a series of thermal standards (see Clause 2 and the Bibliography) intended to b

25、e used in the assessment and management of work in the cold, i.e. in conditions that cause uncomfortable sensations of cool or cold. In light physical work, these conditions can occur at 10 C or below. A number of industries, types of commerce and occupations involve substantial cold exposure, outdo

26、ors or indoors, where individual workers can also be exposed to windy and/or wet conditions. Working in cold environments can involve several adverse effects on human performance and health: thermal discomfort, increased strain, decreased performance and cold-related diseases and injuries. Cold can

27、also interfere with several other factors in the workplace, modifying or aggravating the risk of common hazards and increasing the risk of cold-associated injuries. Due to the negative impact of cold on human health and performance, as well as on work productivity, quality and safety, a comprehensiv

28、e strategy of risk assessment and management practices and methods is needed for work in cold environments. Even though some of the standards referred to above describe specific methods (instruments and indices) to be used to assess the required insulation of clothing for different cold exposures (s

29、ee ISO 11079), or physiological and psychological consequences related to different thermal exposures, an instruction of practical application for cold working environments is lacking. This International Standard was created to specify methods and practices for assessing and managing occupational he

30、alth and performance risks in cold work. The choice of when these are to be used is at the discretion of those responsible for occupational health and/or safety. 4 EN ISO 15743:2008 (E)DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 1 Scope This International Standard presents a strategy and practical tools for assessing

31、and managing cold risk in the workplace, and includes models and methods for cold risk assessment and management, a checklist for identifying cold-related problems at work, a model, method and questionnaire intended for use by occupational health care professionals in identifying those individuals w

32、ith symptoms that increase their cold sensitivity and, with the aid of such identification, offering optimal guidance and instructions for individual cold protection, guidelines on how to apply thermal standards and other validated scientific methods when assessing cold-related risks, and a practica

33、l example from cold work. This International Standard supports good occupational health and safety (OHS). It is applicable to both indoor and outdoor work situations indoor work includes work done inside vehicles, outdoor work both inland and offshore work but is not applicable to diving situations

34、or other types of work performed underwater. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any am

35、endments) applies. ISO 9886:2004, Ergonomics Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements ISO 12894, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments ISO 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symb

36、ols ISO/TS 14415, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Application of International Standards to people with special requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13731 apply. 5 DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 EN ISO 15743:2008 (E) 4 Strateg

37、y for assessment and management 4.1 Cold risk assessment Cold risk assessment in the workplace follows the principles of risk assessment presented in ISO 15265 and generally accepted principles of risk assessment presented in, for example, BS 8800. It consists of three stages. a) In stage 1 (observa

38、tion) possible cold-related hazards at work are identified. This includes collecting qualitative information by an observation method (see 5.2 and Annex A). Based on the observed problems, management methods should be implemented in order to eliminate or reduce the source of harm. A further analysis

39、 should be conducted if the problem at work is not easily reduced or eliminated, or whenever it is uncertain whether the preventive actions have been sufficient to guarantee worker health and safety. b) Stage 2 (analysis) aims at quantifying, analysing and estimating the cold-related effects observe

40、d in stage 1 and considered problems (see 5.3 and Annex B). The need for a further analysis in the workplace can also originate from the needs and definitions of occupational healthcare professionals, in assessing specific health-related problems in working situations. It is recommended that occupat

41、ional health care or safety professionals conduct this analysis. To be able to perform the assessment, these persons should be provided with basic training related to cold, e.g. how to use the methods and estimate the risks. Based on the estimated cold risk, appropriate cold risk management methods

42、should be applied. If it is still uncertain as to whether the management methods are adequate to ensure the workers health and safety, a further analysis should be conducted (stage 3). c) Stage 3 (expertise) aims at quantifying, analysing and estimating cold risks. It will deal with highly complex t

43、hermal working circumstances and require sophisticated or special measurements. This level should be conducted by the same persons as those involved in stage 2, with the additional assistance of highly specialized experts. The duration of an individual assessment is one day, or more, if necessary. T

44、he assessment is aimed at solving any specific cold-related problem found during stages 1 and/or 2. See 5.2.3. See Figure 1. 6 EN ISO 15743:2008 (E)DIN EN ISO 15743:2008-11 Figure 1 Model for cold risk assessment in the workplace 4.2 Health assessment Human responses to cold include complaints, decr

45、ease in performance, symptoms, attacks of diseases and cold injuries. The responses show a great individual variation and their presence is difficult to predict from the level of duration and intensity of cold exposure. The only way to identify these responses is to collect information from the indi

46、viduals. Cold-related health assessment is a three-stage medical screening conducted by occupational health professionals. Each stage involves identification of cold-related health risks both in the workplace as well as assessing the health of individuals. a) Stage 1 consists of a health check (see

47、Annex D). The method used is a medically-based questionnaire whose purpose is to identify potential individuals having cold-related diseases or cold-related personal working limitations. The factors to be identified are, for example, cold sensitivity, cold urticaria, respiratory symptoms, cardiovasc

48、ular symptoms, peripheral circulatory disturbances, symptoms related to white fingers, musculoskeletal symptoms, the effect of cold on performance and the occurrence of local cold injuries. As a result of stage 1 of the assessment, those individuals with no personal need for any further analysis wit

49、h regards to cold are identified. b) Stage 2 is largely taken up by an interview and a clinical investigation of persons suspected of having a cold-related individual health problem. The content of the interview and clinical investigation is dependent on the results of the preliminary questionnaire and is symptom- or disease-specific. If cold-related diseases or working limitation are recognized, an additional risk evaluation (Annex B) in the workplace might be needed. c) Stage 3: if there are still some open questions on the i