DIN EN ISO 18134-3-2015 Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 3 Moisture in general analysis sample (ISO 18134-3 2015) German version EN ISO 1.pdf

1、December 2015 English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.160.10!%JwR“2398447www.din.de

2、DIN EN ISO 18134-3Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample (ISO 18134-3:2015);English version EN ISO 18134-3:2015,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12Biogene Festbrennstoffe Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes Ofentrocknung T

3、eil 3: Wassergehalt in allgemeinen Analysenproben (ISO 18134-3:2015);Englische Fassung EN ISO 18134-3:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12Biocombustibles solides Mthode de dtermination de la teneur en humidit Mthode de schage ltuve Partie 3: Humidit de lchantillon pour anlyse gnr

4、ale (ISO 18134-3:2015);Version anglaise EN ISO 18134-3:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12SupersedesDIN EN 14774-3:2010-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 1 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.101.1

5、6DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 18134-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The respon

6、sible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-05-82 AA Feste Biobrennstoffe. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 14774-3:2010-02 as follows: a) the German translation of “solid biofu

7、els” has been changed throughout the document from Feste Biobrennstoffe to Biogene Festbrennstoffe; b) the content of ISO 18134-3 (based on EN 14774-3) has been adopted in full; c) references to EN Standards have been replaced by references to the relevant ISO Standards and have been updated; d) the

8、 standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 14774-3: 2004-11 DIN EN 14774-3: 2010-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18134-3 September 2015 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 14774-3:2009English Version Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - O

9、ven dry method - Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample (ISO 18134-3:2015) Biocombustibles solides - Mthode de dtermination de la teneur en humidit - Mthode de schage ltuve - Partie 3: Humidit de lchantillon pour analyse gnrale (ISO 18134-3:2015) Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Wasserg

10、ehaltes - Ofentrocknung - Teil 3: Wassergehalt in allgemeinen Analysenproben (ISO 18134-3:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 August 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the

11、 status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Frenc

12、h, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,

13、Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey a

14、ndUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. N

15、o. EN ISO 18134-3:2015 EForeword .1 Scope .2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions .4 Principle 5 Apparatus .6 Sample preparation .6.1 General .6.2 Size of test portion .7 Procedure.8 Calculation 9 Performance characteristics 9.1 Repeatability .9.2 Reproducibility .10 Test report .Bibliograph

16、y Contents PageEuropean foreword 3 45556666777888892EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 European foreword This document (EN ISO 18134-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 biofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secreta

17、riat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016. Attention is drawn to t

18、he possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14774-3:2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the

19、 European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estoni

20、a, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The te

21、xt of ISO 18134-3:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18134-3:2015 without any modification. 3EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 “SolidForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The

22、work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gover

23、nmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in

24、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the pos

25、sibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list

26、of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as

27、 information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.ISO 18134 consists of the following parts under the general title Soli

28、d biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method: Part 1: Total moisture Reference method Part 2: Total moisture Simplified method Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample4EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18134 describes the method of determin

29、ing the moisture in the analysis test sample by drying in an oven. It is intended to be used for general analysis samples in accordance with EN 14780. The method described in this part of ISO 18134 is applicable to all solid biofuels. The moisture content of solid biofuels (as received) is always re

30、ported based on the total mass of the test sample (wet basis).Since biofuels in small particle size are very hygroscopic, their moisture content will change with humidity in the atmosphere and therefore, the moisture of the test portion is determined simultaneously with determination of for example

31、calorific value, carbon content, and nitrogen content.NOTE The term moisture content when used with biomass materials can be misleading since untreated biomass frequently contains varying amounts of volatile compounds (extractives) which can evaporate when determining the moisture content by oven dr

32、ying (see References 1 and 2).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

33、document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptionsEN 14778,1)Solid Biofuels SamplingEN 14780,2)Solid Biofuels Sample preparationISO 11722, Solid mineral fuels Hard coal Determination of moisture in the general analysis test sample by dryin

34、g in nitrogen3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559 and the following apply.3.1nominal top sizeaperture size of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material passesSOURCE: ISO 165591) To be replaced by ISO 18135.2) To be replace

35、d by ISO 14780.5EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 3.2test sampleoriginal sample sent to the laboratory for analysisSOURCE: ISO 165593.3test portionsample extracted from the test sample (3.2) and used during the analysisSOURCE: ISO 165594 PrincipleThe test portion of solid biofuel is

36、 dried at a temperature of 105 C in air atmosphere until constant mass is achieved and the percentage moisture is calculated from the loss in mass of the test portion.Automatic equipment such as gravimetric analyzers can be used when the method is validated with biomass reference test samples of sel

37、ected biomass type. Analysis with such equipment shall fulfil all the requirements given in Clause 7 regarding sample size, temperature, atmosphere, and weighing accuracy.The analysis sample can be dried in air atmosphere or in nitrogen atmosphere. If the sample material is susceptible to oxidation

38、(at 105 C), drying in nitrogen atmosphere is preferred in accordance with ISO 11722. The used drying atmosphere should be reported in accordance with Clause 10.5 Apparatus5.1 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at a temperature within the range of (105 2) C and in which the air atmosphere chang

39、es between three and five times per hour.The air velocity shall be such that the test portion particles are not dislodged from their tray.The use of nitrogen atmosphere is detailed in ISO 11722.5.2 Dishes and trays, of non-corrodible and heat-resistant material and of such dimension that they will h

40、old the total test portion in a layer not exceeding 0,2 g of material per cm2and covered by a well fitted lid. The surface of the trays shall be such that the possibility to adsorption/absorption is minimized (very clean and even surface).5.3 Balance, capable of reading to the nearest 0,1 mg.5.4 Des

41、iccator with desiccant to minimize absorption by the test portion of moisture from the atmosphere.6 Sample preparation6.1 GeneralTest samples for the determination of total moisture content shall be obtained in accordance with EN 14778 and shall be received in the laboratory in sealed air-tight cont

42、ainers or bags. A test portion shall be prepared in accordance with EN 14780 and the nominal top size reduced to below 1 mm.WARNING Dried solid biofuels are hygroscopic. Precautions shall be taken to ensure that moisture is not lost during preparation of the test portion. Significant losses of moist

43、ure from test portion will occur after a few minutes in room atmosphere.6EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 Before commencing the determination, mix the analysis sample in its container, preferably by mechanical means, to ensure a well-mixed sample.6.2 Size of test portionThe mass of

44、 the test portion shall have a minimum mass of 1 g.7 ProcedureDry an empty weighing dish with its lid at (105 2) C until constant in mass and cool it to room temperature in a desiccator (5.4).NOTE Several dishes can be handled at the same time.Weigh the weighing dish with its lid to the nearest 0,1

45、mg.Add minimum 1 g of the test portion into the weighing dish in an even layer and weigh the weighing dish with its lid plus the test portion to the nearest 0,1 mg.Heat the uncovered dish and its lid with the test portion at (105 2) C in the temperature controlled oven until constant mass has been a

46、chieved. Constant mass is defined as a change not exceeding 1 mg in mass during a heating period of 60 min. The drying time required will depend on the particle size of the material, the rate of atmospheric change in the oven, and the thickness of the layer of material. Allow for up to 3 h.Replace t

47、he lid immediately upon removal from the oven. Transfer the dish and its contents to a desiccator. Let it cool in the desiccator to room temperature.Remove the dish and its lid with the test portion from the desiccator and weigh to the nearest 0,1 mg. Since small particle size biofuels are very hygr

48、oscopic, it is important to weigh rapidly once the test portion taken out of the desiccator.The moisture content determination shall be conducted in duplicate.8 CalculationThe moisture content, Mad, of the test portion, as analysed, expressed as a percentage by mass, shall be calculated in accordanc

49、e with Formula (1):Mmmmmad=()()2321100 (1)wherem1is the mass in grams of the empty dish plus lid;m2is the mass in grams of the dish plus lid plus test portion before drying;m3is the mass in grams of the dish plus lid plus test portion after drying.The result shall be calculated to two decimal places and the mean value of both determinations shall be rounded to the nearest 0,1 % for reporting.7EN ISO 18134-3:2015 (E) DIN EN ISO 18134-3:2015-12 9 Performance characteristics9.1 RepeatabilityThe