1、December 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 21No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 35.240.70!$2+“1561508
2、www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 19141Geographic information Schema for moving features (ISO 19141:2008)English version of DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12Geoinformation Schema fr sich bewegende Objekte (ISO 19141:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises pages55a DIN EN ISO 19141:2
3、009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) National foreword This document has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic information/Geomatics” and has been adopted as EN ISO 19141:2009 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic information” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible Ge
4、rman body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 005-03-03 AA Kartographie und Geoinformation”. This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema that addresses moving features, i.e., features
5、whose locations change over time. On the basis of this schema operations that provide a common conceptual framework can be implemented to support various application areas that deal with moving features, including: Location Based Services, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Tracking and navigation
6、(land-based, marine, or space), and Modeling and simulation. The schema specifies mechanisms to describe translation and/or rotation motions of rigid bodies. The description of other temporal changes to the feature, in particular the deformation of features and the change of non-spatial attributes o
7、f features are not within the scope of this standard. 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 19141 August 2009 ICS 35.240.70 English Version Geographic information Schema for moving features (ISO 19141:2008) Information gographique Schma des entits mobiles (ISO 19141:2008) Geoinf
8、ormation Schema fr sich bewegende Objekte (ISO 19141:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 July 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without
9、any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language mad
10、e by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France
11、, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR N
12、ORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 19141:2009: EContents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 5 2 Conformance. 5 2.1 Conformance classes. 5 2.2 Requirements 6
13、3 Normative references . 6 4 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms 7 4.1 Terms and definitions. 7 4.2 Abbreviated terms 9 5 Package Moving Features. 6 5.1 Semantics 10 5.2 Package structure. 10 5.3 Class hierarchy . 11 6 Package Geometry Types . 13 6.1 Package semantics. 13 6.2 Type MF_OneParamG
14、eometry . 13 6.3 Type MF_TemporalGeometry . 15 6.4 Type MF_Trajectory. 16 6.5 Type MF_TemporalTrajectory. 16 6.6 Class MF_PositionExpression . 24 6.7 Type MF_SecondaryOffset . 24 6.8 Type MF_MeasureFunction 25 7 Package Prism Geometry . 26 7.1 Package structure. 26 7.2 CodeList MF_GlobalAxisName. 27
15、 7.3 Type MF_LocalGeometry 29 7.4 Type MF_PrismGeometry . 31 7.5 Type MF_RigidTemporalGeometry 32 7.6 Type MF_RotationMatrix . 33 7.7 Type MF_TemporalOrientation. 34 8 Moving features in application schemas34 8.1 Introduction . 34 8.2 Representing the spatial characteristics of moving features 35 8.
16、3 Associations of moving features 35 8.4 Operations of moving features 35 Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite 36 A.1 Application schemas for data transfer . 36 A.2 Application schemas for data with operations 36 Annex B (informative) UML Notation 38 B.1 Introduction . 38 B.2 Class. 38 B.3 Stereo
17、type . 38 B.4 Attribute . 39 B.5 Operation . 39 B.6 Constraint 40 B.7 Note 40 2DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) B.8 Association 40 B.9 Role name 40 B.10 Multiplicity41 B.11 Navigability 41 B.12 Aggregation .41 B.13 Composition 42 B.14 Dependency. 42 B.15 Generalization 42 B.16 Realizat
18、ion . 43 Annex C (informative) Interpolating between orientations 44 C.1 Introduction . 44 C.2 Euler rotations and gimbal lock. 44 C.3 Interpolating between two orientation matrices 46 C.4 Interpolating between other orientation representations . 48 C.5 Sample interpolation. 49 Bibliography . 53 3DI
19、N EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) Foreword The text of ISO 19141:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 19141:2009 by Technical Committee CEN/
20、TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
21、 latest by February 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the natio
22、nal standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, P
23、oland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 19141:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 19141:2009 without any modification. 4DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) 1 Scope This International Standard
24、 defines a method to describe the geometry of a feature that moves as a rigid body. Such movement has the following characteristics. a) The feature moves within any domain composed of spatial objects as specified in ISO 19107. b) The feature may move along a planned route, but it may deviate from th
25、e planned route. c) Motion may be influenced by physical forces, such as orbital, gravitational, or inertial forces. d) Motion of a feature may influence or be influenced by other features, for example: 1) The moving feature might follow a predefined route (e.g. road), perhaps part of a network, and
26、 might change routes at known points (e.g. bus stops, waypoints). 2) Two or more moving features may be “pulled” together or pushed apart (e.g. an airplane will be refuelled during flight, a predator detects and tracks a prey, refugee groups join forces). 3) Two or more moving features may be constr
27、ained to maintain a given spatial relationship for some period (e.g. tractor and trailer, convoy). This International Standard does not address other types of change to the feature. Examples of changes that are not adressed include the following: The deformation of features. The succession of either
28、 features or their associations. The change of non-spatial attributes of features. The features geometric representation cannot be embedded in a geometric complex that contains the geometric representations of other features, since this would require the other features representations to be updated
29、as the feature moves. Because this International Standard is concerned with the geometric description of feature movement, it does not specify a mechanism for describing feature motion in terms of geographic identifiers. This is done, in part, in ISO 19133. 2 Conformance 2.1 Conformance classes 2.1.
30、1 Introduction This International Standard specifies four conformance classes (Table 1). They are differentiated on the basis of two criteria: purpose and level of complexity. 5DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) 2.1.2 Purpose This International Standard may be used in support of data tra
31、nsfer. Operations defined for objects are irrelevant to data transfer, which requires only descriptions of the state of the objects at the time of transfer. Thus, two conformance classes require only the implementation of attributes and associations of the classes specified in the schema. The other
32、two conformance classes support the object-oriented implementation of systems or interfaces; they require implementation of operations as well as implementation of attributes and associations. 2.1.3 Complexity Many applications do not need a complete description of the geometry of a feature and its
33、orientation at any point in time. Their requirements are satisfied by describing the movement of a single reference point on the feature using its trajectory as specified in Clause 6. One pair of conformance classes supports these simple applications. Other applications need knowledge of the positio
34、ns at each time of all points or a significant subset of the points on a moving feature. They require the full description provided by the prism geometry specified in Clause 7. Table 1 Conformance classes Purpose Complexity Data Transfer Data with operations Trajectory A.1.1 A.2.1 Prism Geometry A.1
35、.2 A.2.22.2 Requirements To conform to this International Standard, an application schema shall satisfy the requirements of the Abstract Test Suite in Annex A. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
36、 the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/TS 19103, Geographic information Conceptual schema language ISO 19107, Geographic information Spatial schema ISO 19108, Geographic information Temporal schema ISO
37、 19109, Geographic information Rules for application schema ISO 19133, Geographic information Location-based services Tracking and navigation 6DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) 4 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms 4.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the f
38、ollowing terms and definitions apply. 4.1.1 base representation moving features representation, using a local origin and local ordinate vectors, of a geometric object at a given reference time NOTE 1 A rigid geometric object may undergo translation or rotation, but remains congruent with its base re
39、presentation. NOTE 2 The local origin and ordinate vectors establish an engineering coordinate reference system (ISO 19111), also called a local frame or a local Euclidean coordinate system. 4.1.2 curve 1-dimensional geometric primitive, representing the continuous image of a line ISO 19107:2003, de
40、finition 4.23 NOTE The boundary of a curve is the set of points at either end of the curve. If the curve is a cycle, the two ends are identical, and the curve (if topologically closed) is considered to not have a boundary. The first point is called the start point, and the last is the end point. Con
41、nectivity of the curve is guaranteed by the “continuous image of a line“ clause. A topological theorem states that a continuous image of a connected set is connected. 4.1.3 design coordinate reference system engineering coordinate reference system in which the base representation of a moving object
42、is specified 4.1.4 feature abstraction of real world phenomena ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.11 NOTE A feature may occur as a type or an instance. Feature type or feature instance shall be used when only one is meant. 4.1.5 feature association relationship that links instances of one feature type wit
43、h instances of the same or a different feature type ISO 19110:2004, definition 4.2 NOTE Feature associations include aggregation of features. 4.1.6 feature attribute characteristic of a feature ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.12 4.1.7 feature operation operation that every instance of a feature type ma
44、y perform ISO 19110:2004, definition 4.5 7DIN EN ISO 19141:2009-12 EN ISO 19141:2009 (E) 4.1.8 foliation one parameter set of geometries such that each point in the prism of the set is in one and only one trajectory and in one and only one leaf 4.1.9 geometric object spatial object representing a ge
45、ometric set ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.47 4.1.10 geometric primitive geometric object representing a single, connected, homogeneous element of space ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.48 NOTE Geometric primitives are non-decomposed objects that present information about geometric configuration. They inc
46、lude points, curves, surfaces, and solids. 4.1.11 instant 0-dimensional geometric primitive representing position in time ISO 19108:2002, definition 4.1.17 4.1.12 leaf one parameter set of geometries geometry at a particular value of the parameter 4.1.13 location-based service LBS service whose retu
47、rn or other property is dependent on the location of the client requesting the service or of some other thing, object or person ISO 19133:2005, definition 4.11 4.1.14 network abstract structure consisting of a set of 0-dimensional objects called junctions, and a set of 1-dimensional objects called l
48、inks that connect the junctions, each link being associated with a start (origin, source) junction and end (destination, sink) junction ISO 19133:2005, definition 4.17 NOTE The network is essentially the universe of discourse for the navigation problem. Networks are a variety of 1-dimensional topological complex. In this light, junction and topological node are synonyms, as are link and directed edge. 4.1.15 one parameter set of geometries function f from an int
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