1、May 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 7No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 77.
2、160!$phq“1776978www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 3953Metallic powders Determination of tap density (ISO 3953:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05Metallpulver Bestimmung der Klopfdichte (ISO 3953:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05Poudres mtalliques Dtermination de la masse volu
3、mique aprs tassement (ISO 3953:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05SupersedesDIN ISO 3953:1995-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.9 05.11 DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker
4、. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119 “Powder metallurgy” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/SS M11 “Powder metallurgy” (Secretariat: CCMC). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenaus
5、schuss Werkstofftechnologie (Technology of Materials Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 145-01-02 AA Probenahme und Prfverfahren fr Pulver (einschlielich Pulver fr Hartmetalle). Amendments This standard differs from DIN ISO 3953:1995-02 as follows: a) in Clause 2 “Principle”, the information
6、 has been deleted that, by agreement, the tapping may be carried out by hand; b) in Subclause 4.1 “Balance”, an accuracy to weigh to the nearest 0,1 g has been specified; c) in Subclause 4.3 “Tapping apparatus”, the optionally used hard rubber slab has been deleted; d) in Table 2, “Apparent density”
7、, the value “ 1” has been adjusted to “1 to 4”; e) in Subclause 5.3, it has been specified that, if possible, the test shall be carried out on three test portions; Clause 7 “Expression of results” has correspondingly been adjusted; f) in Subclause 6.3, the description of the procedure when using a h
8、ard rubber slab has been deleted; g) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN ISO 3953: 1980-04, 1991-05, 1995-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 3953 February 2011 ICS 77.160 Supersedes EN ISO 3953:1995English Version Metallic powders Determination o
9、f tap density (ISO 3953:2011) Poudres mtalliques Dtermination de la masse volumique aprs tassement (ISO 3953:2011) Metallpulver Bestimmung der Klopfdichte (ISO 3953:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regu
10、lations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memb
11、er. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. C
12、EN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
13、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nation
14、al Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 3953:2011: EContents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Principle4 3 Symbols 4 4 Apparatus .4 5 Sampling.6 6 Procedure .6 7 Expression of results 7 8 Test report 7 DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 2 Foreword This document (EN ISO 3953:2011) has been prepared by Techni
15、cal Committee ISO/TC 119 “Powder metallurgy”. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. Atten
16、tion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 3953:1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
17、s, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, N
18、etherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 3953:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 3953:2011 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 3 1 Scope This Inte
19、rnational Standard specifies a method for the determination of tap density, i.e. the density of a powder that has been tapped into a container under specified conditions. 2 Principle A specified amount of powder in a container is tapped by means of a tapping apparatus until no further decrease in th
20、e volume of the powder takes place. The mass of the powder divided by its volume after the test gives its tap density. 3 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Meaning Unit tTap density g/cm3m Mass of the powder g V Volume of the tapped powder
21、 cm34 Apparatus 4.1 Balance, of appropriate capacity to satisfy the requirements shown in Table 2 and of an accuracy to weigh to the nearest 0,1 g. 4.2 Graduated glass cylinder, calibrated to contain 100 cm3, the height of the graduated portion being approximately 175 mm. The graduations shall be at
22、 1 cm3intervals, thus allowing a measuring accuracy of 0,5 cm3. Alternatively: Graduated glass cylinder, calibrated to contain 25 cm3, the height of the graduated portion being approximately 135 mm. The graduations shall be at 0,2 cm3intervals. A 25 cm3cylinder shall be used for powders of apparent
23、density higher than 4 g/cm3, in particular for refractory metal powders, but may also be used for powders of lower apparent density. 4.3 Tapping apparatus, which permits the tapping of the graduated cylinder against a firm base. The tapping shall be such that a densification of the powder can take p
24、lace without any loosening of its surface layers. The stroke shall be 3 mm and the tapping frequency shall be between 100 and 300 taps/min. An example of a tapping apparatus is shown in Figure 1. DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 4 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 graduated measuring cylin
25、der 2 holder with guide-pin 3 guide-bearing 4 anvil (steel) 5 cam aHeight of stroke. Figure 1 Example of tapping apparatus DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 5 5 Sampling 5.1 For the quantities of powder required for each test, see Table 2. Table 2 Required sample quantities Apparent densi
26、ty g/cm3Cylinder capacity cm3Mass of testportion g 1 to 4 100 100 0,5 7 25 100 0,5 2 to 7 25 50 0,2 0,8 to 2 25 20 0,1 0,8 25 10 0,1 5.2 In general, the powder should be tested in the as-received condition. In certain instances, the powder may be dried. However, if the powder is susceptible to oxida
27、tion, the drying shall take place in a vacuum or in an inert gas. If the powder contains volatile substances, it shall not be dried. 5.3 The test shall be carried out on three test portions, if possible. 6 Procedure 6.1 Clean the inside wall of the graduated cylinder (4.2) with a suitable clean brus
28、h or, if necessary, by rinsing with a solvent, such as acetone. If a solvent is used, thoroughly dry the cylinder before re-use. 6.2 Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 g, the mass of the test portion as indicated in Table 2, using the balance (4.1). 6.3 Pour the test portion into the graduated cylinder. Take
29、 care that a level surface of the powder is formed. Place the cylinder in the tapping apparatus (4.3). Tap the cylinder until no further decrease in the volume of the powder takes place (see Note). NOTE In practice, the minimum number of taps, N, would be determined such that no further change in vo
30、lume takes place. For all further tests on the same type of powder, the cylinder would be subjected to 2N taps, except where general experience and acceptance has established a specific number of taps (no less than N taps) as being satisfactory. For fine refractory metal powders, 3 000 taps has been
31、 found to be satisfactory for all sizes. 6.4 If the tapped surface is level, read the volume directly. If the tapped surface is not Ievel, determine the tap volume by calculating the mean value between the highest and the lowest reading of the tapped surface. Read the final volume to the nearest 0,5
32、 cm3when using a 100 cm3cylinder, and to the nearest 0,2 cm3when using a 25 cm3cylinder. DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 6 7 Expression of results The tap density is given by the following equation: tmV = where t, m and V are as defined in Table 1. Report the arithmetical mean of the nu
33、mber of determinations rounded to the nearest 0,1 g/cm3for values up to and including 4 g/cm3, and to the nearest 0,2 g/cm3for values greater than 4 g/cm3. 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 3953:2011; b) all
34、 details necessary for identification of the test sample; c) the drying procedure, if the powder has been dried; d) the cylinder capacity, mass of the test portion and method used; e) the result obtained; f) all operations not specified in this International Standard or regarded as optional; g) details of any occurrence which may have affected the result. DIN EN ISO 3953:2011-05 EN ISO 3953:2011 (E) 7
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