1、August 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、 83.080.01!$t(l“1810573www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 6721-1Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 1: General principles (ISO 6721-1:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08Kunststoffe Bestimmung dynamisch-mechanischer Eigenschaften Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 6721-1
3、:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08Plastiques Dtermination des proprits mcaniques dynamiques Partie 1: Principes gnraux (ISO 6721-1:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08SupersedesDIN EN ISO 6721-1:2003-01www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the G
4、erman-language original shall be considered authoritative.2807.11 DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” (Secretariat: SAC, China) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/T
5、C 249 “Plastics”, (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Kunststoffe (Plastics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 054-01-03 AA Physikalische, rheologische und analytische Prfungen. The DIN Standards corresponding to the In
6、ternational Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 291 DIN EN ISO 291 ISO 293 DIN EN ISO 293 ISO 294-1 DIN EN ISO 294-1 ISO 294-2 DIN EN ISO 294-2 ISO 294-3 DIN EN ISO 294-3 ISO 294-4 DIN EN ISO 294-4 ISO 295 DIN EN ISO 295 ISO 472 DIN EN ISO 472 ISO 2818 DIN EN ISO 2818 ISO 6721
7、-2 DIN EN ISO 6721-2 ISO 6721-3 DIN EN ISO 6721-3 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2003-01 as follows: a) a new Subclause 9.6 “Varying the dynamic-strain amplitude” has been added under Clause 9 “Procedure”; b) Clause 10 “Expression of results” and Clause 12 “Test report” have
8、 been updated: a new third paragraph has been added in Clause 10 and a new item n) has been added in Clause 12. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 1996-12, 2003-01 DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditionin
9、g and testing DIN EN ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials DIN EN ISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens DIN EN ISO 294-2, Plasti
10、cs Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 2: Small tensile bars DIN EN ISO 294-3, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 3: Small plates DIN EN ISO 294-4, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Par
11、t 4: Determination of moulding shrinkage DIN EN ISO 295, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials DIN EN ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining DIN EN ISO 6721-2, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical
12、 properties Part 2: Torsion-pendulum method DIN EN ISO 6721-3, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 3: Flexural vibration; resonance-curve DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 6721-1 May 2011 ICS
13、 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 6721-1:2002English Version Plastics - Determination of dynamic mechanical properties - Part 1: General principles (ISO 6721-1:2011) Plastiques - Dtermination des proprits mcaniques dynamiques - Partie 1: Principes gnraux (ISO 6721-1:2011) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung dynamis
14、ch-mechanischer Eigenschaften - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 6721-1:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 May 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nation
15、al standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A versi
16、on in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Cz
17、ech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EU
18、ROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 6721-1:2011: EContents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 N
19、ormative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Principle12 5 Test apparatus .14 5.1 Type.14 5.2 Mechanical, electronic and recording systems14 5.3 Temperature-controlled enclosure 14 5.4 Gas supply15 5.5 Temperature-measurement device 15 5.6 Devices for measuring test specimen dimensions15 6 Tes
20、t specimens15 6.1 General15 6.2 Shape and dimensions15 6.3 Preparation .15 7 Number of test specimens15 8 Conditioning.16 9 Procedure .16 9.1 Test atmosphere 16 9.2 Measurement of specimen cross-section .16 9.3 Mounting the test specimens .16 9.4 Varying the temperature .16 9.5 Varying the frequency
21、 .17 9.6 Varying the dynamic-strain amplitude 17 10 Expression of results 17 11 Precision.17 12 Test report 18 Annex A (informative) Resonance curves 19 Annex B (informative) Deviations from linear behaviour23 Bibliography 24 EN ISO 6721-1:2011 (E) DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 2 Foreword This document
22、(EN ISO 6721-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical t
23、ext or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held resp
24、onsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 6721-1:2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, C
25、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO
26、 6721-1:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 6721-1:2011 without any modification. EN ISO 6721-1:2011 (E) DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 3 Introduction The methods specified in the first nine parts of ISO 6721 can be used for determining storage and loss moduli of plastics over a range of temperatur
27、es or frequencies by varying the temperature of the specimen or the frequency of oscillation. Plots of the storage or loss moduli, or both, are indicative of viscoelastic characteristics of the specimen. Regions of rapid changes in viscoelastic properties at particular temperatures or frequencies ar
28、e normally referred to as transition regions. Furthermore, from the temperature and frequency dependencies of the loss moduli, the damping of sound and vibration of polymer or metal-polymer systems can be estimated. Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under different experimental co
29、nditions. Without changing the observed data, reporting in full (as described in the various parts of ISO 6721) the conditions under which the data were obtained will enable apparent differences observed in different studies to be reconciled. The definitions of complex moduli apply exactly only to s
30、inusoidal oscillations with constant amplitude and constant frequency during each measurement. On the other hand, measurements of small phase angles between stress and strain involve some difficulties under these conditions. Because these difficulties are not involved in some methods based on freely
31、 decaying vibrations and/or varying frequency near resonance, these methods are used frequently (see ISO 6721-2 and ISO 6721-3). In these cases, some of the equations that define the viscoelastic properties are only approximately valid. EN ISO 6721-1:2011 (E) DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 4 1 Scope The
32、various parts of ISO 6721 specify methods for the determination of the dynamic mechanical properties of rigid plastics within the region of linear viscoelastic behaviour. This part of ISO 6721 is an introductory section which includes the definitions and all aspects that are common to the individual
33、 test methods described in the subsequent parts. Different deformation modes may produce results that are not directly comparable. For example, tensile vibration results in a stress which is uniform across the whole thickness of the specimen, whereas flexural measurements are influenced preferential
34、ly by the properties of the surface regions of the specimen. Values derived from flexural-test data will be comparable to those derived from tensile-test data only at strain levels where the stress-strain relationship is linear and for specimens which have a homogeneous structure. 2 Normative refere
35、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for c
36、onditioning and testing ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials ISO 294 (all parts), Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials ISO 295, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials ISO 1268 (all
37、parts), Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producting test plates ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining ISO 4593, Plastics Film and sheeting Determination of thickness by mechanical scanning ISO 6721-2:2008, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 2: To
38、rsion-pendulum method ISO 6721-3, Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 3: Flexural vibration Resonance-curve method EN ISO 6721-1:2011 (E) DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE So
39、me of the terms defined here are also defined in ISO 4727. The definitions given here are not strictly identical with, but are equivalent to, those in ISO 472. 3.1 complex modulus Mratio of dynamic stress, given by () ( )Aexp i2 ,tft= and dynamic strain, given by () ( )Aexp i 2 ,tft =of a viscoelast
40、ic material that is subjected to a sinusoidal vibration, where Aand Aare the amplitudes of the stress and strain cycles, f is the frequency, is the phase angle between stress and strain (see 3.5 and Figure 1) and t is time NOTE 1 It is expressed in pascals (Pa). NOTE 2 Depending on the mode of defor
41、mation, the complex modulus might be one of several types: E, G, Kor L(see Table 3). M= M + iM (see 3.2 and 3.3) (1) where ()1/ 2i1 1= = For the relationships between the different types of complex modulus, see Table 1. NOTE 3 For isotropic viscoelastic materials, only two of the elastic parameters
42、G, E, K, Land are independent (is the complex Poissons ratio, given by = + i). NOTE 4 The most critical term containing Poissons ratio is the “volume term” 1 2, which has values between 0 and 0,4 for between 0,5 and 0,3. The relationships in Table 1 containing the “volume term” 1 2 can only be used
43、if this term is known with sufficient accuracy. It can be seen from Table 1 that the “volume term” 1 2 can only be estimated with any confidence from a knowledge of the bulk modulus K or the uniaxial-strain modulus L and either E or G. This is because K and L measurements involve deformations when t
44、he volumetric strain component is relatively large. NOTE 5 Up to now, no measurement of the dynamic mechanical bulk modulus K, and only a small number of results relating to relaxation experiments measuring K(t), have been described in the literature. NOTE 6 The uniaxial-strain modulus L is based up
45、on a load with a high hydrostatic-stress component. Therefore values of L compensate for the lack of K values, and the “volume term” 1 2 can be estimated with sufficient accuracy based upon the modulus pairs (G, L) and (E, L). The pair (G, L) is preferred, because G is based upon loads without a hyd
46、rostatic component. NOTE 7 The relationships given in Table 1 are valid for the complex moduli as well as their magnitudes (see 3.4). NOTE 8 Most of the relationships for calculating the moduli given in the other parts of this International Standard are, to some extent, approximate. They do not take
47、 into account e.g. “end effects” caused by clamping the specimens, and they include other simplifications. Using the relationships given in Table 1 therefore often requires additional corrections to be made. These are given in the literature (see e.g. References 1 and 2 in the Bibliography). NOTE 9
48、For linear-viscoelastic behaviour, the complex compliance Cis the reciprocal of the complex modulus M, i.e. M= (C)1(2) Thus () ()22iiCCMMCC+=+(3) EN ISO 6721-1:2011 (E) DIN EN ISO 6721-1:2011-08 6 a) b) The phase shift /2 f between the stress and strain in a viscoelastic material subjected to sinuso
49、idal oscillation (Aand Aare the respective amplitudes, f is the frequency). The relationship between the storage modulus M, the loss modulus M, the phase angle and the magnitude M of the complex modulus M.Figure 1 Phase angle and complex modulus Table 1 Relationships between moduli for uniformly isotropic materials G and E and K and G and E G and K E and K G and LaPoissons ratio, 1
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