DIN EN ISO 6974-1-2012 Natural gas - Determination of composition and associated uncertainty by gas chromatography - Part 1 General guidelines and calculation of composition (ISO 6.pdf

1、November 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 19No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 75.060!$QJ“1924639www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 6974-1Natural gas Determination of composition and associated uncertainty by gaschromatography Part 1: General guidelines and calculation of composition(ISO 6974-1:2012);English version EN ISO 6974-1:2012,English translation of DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11Erdg

3、as Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung und der zugehrigen Unsicherheit durchGaschromatographie Teil 1: Allgemeine Leitlinien und Berechnung der Zusammensetzung (ISO 6974-1:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 6974-1:2012,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11Gaz naturel Dtermination de la compositi

4、on et de l incertitude associe par chromatographie enphase gazeuse Partie 1: Lignes directrices gnrales et calcul de la composition (ISO 6974-1:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 6974-1:2012,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11Together with DIN EN ISO6974-2:2012-11,supersedesDIN EN ISO 6974-1

5、:2002-06 andDIN EN ISO 6974-2:2002-07www.beuth.deDocument comprises 49 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.11.12DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committe

6、e ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas”, Subcommittee SC 1 “Analysis of natural gas” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-73 AA Gasanalyse und Gasbeschaf

7、fenheit. DIN EN ISO 6974 consists of the following parts, under the general title Natural gas Determination of composition and associated uncertainty by gas chromatography: Part 1: General guidelines and calculation of composition Part 2: Uncertainty calculations Part 3: Determination of hydrogen, h

8、elium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8using two packed columns Part 4: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1to C5and C6+hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns Part 5: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1to C5and

9、C6+hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns Part 7: Extended analysis Gas-chromatographic method (Revision of ISO 6975) (in prep

10、aration) Part 8: Micro-gas-chromatographic method (in preparation) In the German version, the term Gebrauchsnormal (working measurement standard) is abbreviated in the text as GN (in accordance with the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement”, GUM), whereas in Subclause 6.7.1, the ab

11、breviation “wms” is used as derived from the English term. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 6143 DIN EN ISO 6143 ISO 10723 DIN EN ISO 10723 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2002-06 and DIN EN ISO 69

12、74-2:2002-07 as follows: a) the title of the standard has been changed; b) both standards have been technically revised: Part 1 gives guidelines for the quantitative analysis of natural gas and specifies data processing requirements for the determination of component mole fractions and Part 2 descri

13、bes the calculation of the uncertainty of each component mole fraction; c) the use of control charts has been deleted. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 6974-1: 2002-06 DIN EN ISO 6974-2: 2002-07 DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 6143, Gas analysis Compar

14、ison methods for determining and checking the composition of calibration gas mixtures DIN EN ISO 10723, Natural gas Performance evaluation for on-line analytical systems DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 6974-1 May 2

15、012 ICS 75.060 Supersedes EN ISO 6974-1:2001English Version Natural gas - Determination of composition and associated uncertainty by gas chromatography - Part 1: General guidelines and calculation of composition (ISO 6974-1:2012) Gaz naturel - Dtermination de la composition et de lincertitude associ

16、e par chromatographie en phase gazeuse - Partie 1: Lignes directrices gnrales et calcul de la composition (ISO 6974-1:2012) Erdgas - Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung und der zugehrigen Unsicherheit durch Gaschromatographie - Teil 1: Allgemeine Leitlinien und Berechnung der Zusammensetzung (ISO 6974-1:

17、2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 May 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical r

18、eferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a

19、 CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,

20、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management C

21、entre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 6974-1:2012: EContents PageForeword .Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references .3 Terms and definitions .4 Symbols .4.1 Symbols .4.

22、2 Subscripts .5 Principles of analysis .5.1 General considerations .5.2 Method of operation5.3 Mode of operation .5.4 Directly and indirectly measured components .5.5 Normalization .6 Analytical procedure 6.1 General considerations .6.2 Step 1 Defining the working range 156.3 Step 2 Defining the req

23、uirements of the analytical method . 156.4 Step 3 Selecting equipment and working conditions . 156.5 Step 4 Response characteristics (primary calibration or performance evaluation) 166.6 Step 5 Relative response factors .196.7 Step 6 Routine calibration/quality assurance check 6.8 Step 7 Analysis of

24、 samples .6.9 Step 8 Calculation of component mole fractions 7 Control chart .258 Test report .25Annex A (informative) Comparative application ranges and characteristics of analytical methods described in ISO 6974-3 to ISO 6974-6 27Annex B (informative) Alternative approach to bridging and normaliza

25、tion 29Annex C (informative) Methane-by-difference approach .36Annex D (normative) Relative response factors 37Annex E (informative) Testing for outliers .39Annex F (normative) Pressure correction during calibration and sample analysis .Annex G (informative) Software suitable for generalized least s

26、quares regression analysis .Annex H (informative) Use of control charts .44Bibliography .45EN ISO 6974-1:2012 (E) DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 234555991010101112121212122021224042Foreword This document (EN ISO 6974-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas“. This European

27、 Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme

28、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 6974-1:2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the follow

29、ing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak

30、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6974-1:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 6974-1:2012 without any modification. EN ISO 6974-1:2012 (E) DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 3 IntroductionISO 6974 describes methods of analysis of

31、natural gas and methods for calculating component mole fractions and uncertainties. ISO 6974 is intended for the measurement of H2, He, O2, N2, CO2and hydrocarbons, either as individual components or as a group, for example all hydrocarbons above C5, defined as C6+. This approach is suitable for a r

32、ange of end applications, including calibrating gas mixtures and providing natural gas composition and uncertainty data to be used in the calculation of calorific value and other additive physical properties of the gas. Details of these end applications are provided in ISO 6974-3 and subsequent part

33、s of ISO 6974.This part of ISO 6974 gives guidelines for the gas chromatographic analysis of natural gas and methods of data processing to determine compositions of component mole fractions.ISO 6974-2 describes the steps required to calculate the uncertainty of each component mole fraction.ISO 6974-

34、3 and subsequent parts of ISO 6974 describe different gas chromatographic methods. These methods cover both daily practice in the laboratory and on-line field applications. In this part of ISO 6974, Annex A provides a comparison of the characteristics of the analytical methods described in ISO 6974-

35、3 and subsequent parts of ISO 6974.In cases where only component mole fractions are required, it is intended that this part of ISO 6974 be used in conjunction with a gas chromatographic method of analysis, e.g. ISO 6974-3 or subsequent parts of ISO 6974. In cases where component mole fractions and a

36、ssociated uncertainties are required, it is intended that this part of ISO 6974 be used in conjunction with ISO 6974-2, in addition to a gas chromatographic method of analysis.This part of ISO 6974 describes all the essential steps for setting up an analysis, including outlining the structure of the

37、 analysis, defining the working ranges and establishing the analytical procedure. When the working ranges of the components have been defined, an evaluation is carried out to determine whether components are to be considered as main components or groups of components to be analysed using direct meas

38、urement (directly measured components), components or groups of components to be analysed using indirect measurement, by reference to a different reference component in the calibration gas mixture (indirectly measured components), or components that are not measured and whose mole fraction can be as

39、sumed to be constant (components not measured).This part of ISO 6974 provides for the use of three types of method: single operation, multiple operation with bridging and multiple operation without bridging. The last of these methods is a special case of a single operation method.This part of ISO 69

40、74 describes the conventional normalization approach for calculating processed mole fractions from raw mole fractions (see 5.5). When conventional normalization is used for multiple operations without bridging methods, the uncertainties of the calculated mole fractions will be conservative. If a mor

41、e accurate assessment of uncertainty is required, an alternative approach for normalization, using the generalized least squares (GLS) method, can be used; this is described in Annex B, which is intended to be used when calculating uncertainties in accordance with ISO 6974-2. Further alternative app

42、roaches are available for calculating processed mole fractions, including methane-by-difference (see Annex C) and data harmonization (see Reference 1).EN ISO 6974-1:2012 (E) DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 41 ScopeThis part of ISO 6974 gives methods for calculating component mole fractions of natural gas

43、and specifies the data processing requirements for determining component mole fractions. This part of ISO 6974 provides for both single and multiple operation methods and either multi-point calibration or a performance evaluation of the analyser followed by single-point calibration. This part of ISO

44、 6974 gives procedures for the calculation of the raw and processed (e.g. normalized) mole fractions, and their associated uncertainties, for all components. The procedures given in this part of ISO 6974 are applicable to the handling of data obtained from replicate or single analyses of a natural g

45、as sample.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO/IEC Guide 98-3

46、, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)ISO 6143, Gas analysis Comparison methods for determining and checking the composition of calibration gas mixturesISO 10723, Natural gas Performance evaluation for on-line analytical systems3 Terms a

47、nd definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1responseyoutput signal of the measuring system for a component that is measured as peak area or peak height3.2reference componentcomponent present in a certified reference gas mixture (CRM) (see 3.10), whic

48、h is used to calibrate the analyser response to other similar components in the sample which are not themselves present in the CRMNOTE For example, if the CRM contains hydrocarbons up to and including n-butane, but no pentanes or higher, then n-butane contained in the CRM can be used as a reference

49、component for the quantification of pentanes and heavier components in the sample. The reference component should have a response function that normally is a first-order polynomial with zero intercept, i.e. a straight line through the origin.EN ISO 6974-1:2012 (E) DIN EN ISO 6974-1:2012-11 5 3.3relative response factorKratio of the molar amount of com