DIN EN ISO 75-1-2013 Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1 General test method (ISO 75-1 2013) German version EN ISO 75-1 2013《塑料 载荷下挠曲温度的测定 第1部.pdf

1、August 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、 83.080.01!%($L“2050141www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 75-1Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:2013);English version EN ISO 75-1:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08Kunststoffe Bestimmung der Wrmeformbestndigkeitstemperatur Teil 1

3、: Allgemeines Prfverfahren (ISO 75-1:2013);Englische Fassung EN ISO 75-1:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08Plastiques Dtermination de la temprature de flchissement sous charge Partie 1: Mthode dessai gnrale (ISO 75-1:2013);Version anglaise EN ISO 75-1:2013,Traduction anglaise de D

4、IN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08SupersedesDIN EN ISO 75-1:2004-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises 15 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.07.13 DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 75-1:2013) has

5、 been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 249 “Plastics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Kunststoffe (Plastics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 054

6、-01-02 AA Mechanische Eigenschaften und Probekrper-herstellung. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in Clause 2 of this standard are as follows: ISO 75-2 DIN EN ISO 75-2 ISO 75-3 DIN EN ISO 75-3 ISO 291 DIN EN ISO 291 Amendments This standard differs from DIN E

7、N ISO 75-1:2004-09 as follows: a) a fluidized bed or an air oven may also be used as heating equipment; b) the edgewise test position has been deleted; c) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 53461: 1961-06, 1969-09, 1987-01 DIN EN ISO 75-1: 1996-03, 2004-09 National Anne

8、x NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 75-2, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 2: Plastics and ebonite DIN EN ISO 75-3, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 3: High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastic

9、s DIN EN ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 75-1 April 2013 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 75-1:2004English Version Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test metho

10、d (ISO 75-1:2013) Plastiques - Dtermination de la temprature de flchissement sous charge - Partie 1: Mthode dessai gnrale (ISO 75-1:2013) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Wrmeformbestndigkeitstemperatur - Teil 1: Allgemeines Prfverfahren (ISO 75-1:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 M

11、arch 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be ob

12、tained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the

13、CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irela

14、nd, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue M

15、arnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 75-1:2013: EEN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 2DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and de

16、finitions .5 4 Principle 6 5 Apparatus .7 5.1 Means of producing a flexural stress 7 5.2 Heating equipment.7 5.3 Weights .9 5.4 Temperature-measuring instrument 9 5.5 Deflection-measuring instrument 9 5.6 Micrometers and gauges 9 6 Test specimens 10 6.1 General 10 6.2 Shape and dimensions 10 6.3 Spe

17、cimen inspection .10 6.4 Number of test specimens 10 7 Conditioning .10 8 Procedure .11 8.1 Calculation of force to be applied 11 8.2 Initial temperature of the heating equipment 12 8.3 Measurement 12 9 Expression of results 13 10 Precision .13 11 Test report 13 EN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 3DIN EN ISO 75-1

18、:2013-08 Foreword This document (EN ISO 75-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by

19、 publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CE

20、NELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 75-1:2004. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Bel

21、gium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz

22、erland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 75-1:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 75-1:2013 without any modification. IntroductionThe first editions of this part of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2 described three methods (A, B and C) using different test loads and two specim

23、en positions, edgewise and flatwise. For testing in the flatwise position, test specimens with dimensions 80 mm 10 mm 4 mm were required. These can be moulded directly or machined from the central section of the multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 20753).The previous (i.e. second) editions of this p

24、art of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2 specified the flatwise test position as preferred, while still allowing testing in the edgewise position with the test conditions given in Annex A until the next revision of this part of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2, as agreed in ISO/TC 61/SC 2/WG 5. Therefore, with this revision,

25、the edgewise test position will be removed.At the time of publication, technical development of testing instruments made instruments based on a fluidized bed or air ovens available. These are especially advantageous for use at temperatures at which the common silicone oil-based heat transfer fluids

26、reach their limit of thermal stability. The fluidized bed and air oven methods of heat transfer are introduced in this part of ISO 75.An additional precision statement covering the new heating methods is introduced in ISO 75-2.EN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 4DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 75

27、gives a general test method for the determination of the temperature of deflection under load (flexural stress under three-point loading) of plastics. Different types of test specimen and different constant loads are defined to suit different types of material.ISO 75-2 gives specific requirements fo

28、r plastics (including filled plastics and fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length, prior to processing, is up to 7,5 mm) and ebonite, while ISO 75-3 gives specific requirements for high-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length is great

29、er than 7,5 mm.The methods specified are suitable for assessing the relative behaviour of different types of material at elevated temperature under load at a specified rate of temperature increase. The results obtained do not necessarily represent maximum applicable temperatures because in practice

30、essential factors, such as time, loading conditions and nominal surface stress, can differ from the test conditions. True comparability of data can only be achieved for materials having the same room-temperature flexural modulus.The methods specify preferred dimensions for the test specimens.Data ob

31、tained using the test methods described are not intended to be used to predict actual end-use performance. The data are not intended for design analysis or prediction of the endurance of materials at elevated temperatures.This method is commonly known as the HDT test (heat deflection test or heat di

32、stortion test), although there is no official document using this designation.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated r

33、eferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 75-2, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 2: Plastics and eboniteISO 75-3, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 3: High-strength thermosettin

34、g laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plasticsISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 20753, Plastics Test specimens3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.EN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 5DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08 3.1flex

35、ural strainfnominal fractional change in length of an element of the outer surface of the test specimen at midspanNote 1 to entry: It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio or a percentage (%).3.2flexural strain increasefspecified increase in flexural strain that takes place during heatingNote 1 to e

36、ntry: It is expressed as a percentage (%).Note 2 to entry: This quantity is introduced to highlight the fact that the initial deflection caused by application of the test load is not measured and that therefore the criterion for the end of the test does not constitute an absolute strain value. Only

37、the deflection increase is monitored (see 3.4). This new quantity does not change the test or evaluation procedure compared to previous editions of this part of ISO 75, but serves only to clarify what is really measured.3.3deflectionsdistance over which the top or bottom surface of the test specimen

38、 at midspan deviates during flexure from its original positionNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm).3.4standard deflectionsincrease in deflection corresponding to the flexural strain increase, f, at the surface of the test specimen, and which is specified in ISO 75-2 or ISO 75-3Note 1

39、 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm) see 8.3, Formula (4).3.5flexural stressfnominal stress at the outer surface of the test specimen at midspanNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).3.6loadFforce, applied to the test specimen at midspan, which results in a defined flexural

40、stressNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in newtons (N) see 8.1, Formulae (1) to (3).3.7temperature of deflection under loadTftemperature at which the deflection of the test specimen reaches the standard deflection as the temperature is increasedNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in degrees Celsius (C).

41、4 PrincipleA standard test specimen is subjected to three-point bending under a constant load in the flatwise position to produce one of the flexural stresses given in the relevant part of ISO 75 (all parts). The temperature EN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 6DIN EN ISO 75-1:2013-08 is raised at a uniform rate,

42、and the temperature at which the standard deflection, corresponding to the specified increase in flexural strain, occurs is measured.5 Apparatus5.1 Means of producing a flexural stressThe apparatus shall be constructed essentially as shown in Figure 1. It consists of a rigid metal frame in which a r

43、od can move freely in the vertical direction. The rod is fitted with a weight-carrying plate and a loading edge. The base of the frame is fitted with test-specimen supports; these and the vertical members of the frame are made of a material having the same coefficient of linear expansion as the rod.

44、The test-specimen supports consist of metal pieces that are cylindrical in the contact area and with their lines of contact with the specimen in a horizontal plane. The size of the span, i.e. of the distance between the contact lines, is given in ISO 75-2 or ISO 75-3. The supports are fitted to the

45、base of the frame in such a way that the vertical force applied to the test specimen by the loading edge is midway (1 mm) between them. The contact edges of the supports are parallel to the loading edge and at right angles to the length direction of the test specimen placed symmetrically across them

46、. The contact edges of the supports and loading edge have a radius of (3,0 0,2) mm and shall be longer than the width of the test specimen.Unless vertical parts of the apparatus have the same coefficient of linear thermal expansion, the difference in change of length of these parts introduces an err

47、or in the reading of the apparent deflection of the test specimen. A blank test shall be made on each apparatus using a test specimen made of rigid material having a low coefficient of expansion and a thickness comparable to that of the specimen under test. The blank test shall cover the temperature

48、 ranges to be used in the actual determination, and a correction term shall be determined for each temperature. If the correction term is 0,01 mm or greater, its value and algebraic sign shall be recorded and the term applied to each test result by adding it algebraically to the reading of the apparent deflection of the test specimen.NOTE Invar and borosilicate glass have been found suitable as materials for the test specimen in the blank test.5.2 Heating equipmentThe heating equipment shall be