1、March 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、83.080.01!$nI+“1753808www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 877-1Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General guidance (ISO 877-1:2009)English translation of DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitung (ISO 877-1:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 877-1:
3、2011-03Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 1: Lignes directrices gnrales (ISO 877-1:2009)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03Together with DIN EN ISO877-2:2011-03 andDIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03supersedesDIN EN ISO 877:1997-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn cas
4、e of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.2103.11 DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” (Secretariat: ANSI, USA) in collaboration with Technical Co
5、mmittee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Kunststoffe (Plastics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 054-01-04 AA Verhalten gegen Umgebungseinflsse. The DIN Standards corresponding to the Internati
6、onal Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 291 DIN EN ISO 291 ISO 472 DIN EN ISO 472 ISO 877-2 DIN 877-2 ISO 877-3 DIN 877-3 ISO 2818 DIN EN ISO 2818 ISO 4892-1 DIN EN ISO 4892-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 877:1997-05 as follows: a) the standard has been di
7、vided into three parts; b) general guidance on the selection and use of the methods of exposure to solar radiation has been included; c) the informative Annex A (former Annex B) now contains Table A.1 relating to climate classification and description. Previous editions DIN 53388: 1956-07, 1959-07,
8、1974-04, 1984-04 DIN 53388-1: 1967-08 DIN EN ISO 877: 1997-05 2 DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing DIN EN ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary DIN 877-2, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiat
9、ion Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass DIN 877-3, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 3: Intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation DIN EN ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining DIN EN ISO 4892-1, Plastics Methods of expo
10、sure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance 3 DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 877-1 December 2010 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 877:1996English Version Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation
11、 Part 1: General guidance (ISO 877-1:2009) Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 1: Lignes directrices gnrales (ISO 877-1:2009) Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitung (ISO 877-1:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2010. CEN members
12、are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
13、 the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Ce
14、ntre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Nor
15、way, Poland,Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form
16、and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 877-1:2010: EContents Page Foreword. 3 Introduction 41 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 6 4 Principle. 6 5 Apparatus 7 6 Test specimens . 8 7 Conditions of exposure of the test specimens 10 8 E
17、xposure stages . 11 9 Procedure 12 10 Expression of results . 13 11 Test report . 14 Annex A (informative) Classification of climates 15 Bibliography . 17 2EN ISO 877-1:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 3EN ISO 877-1:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 Foreword The text of ISO 877-1:2009 has been prep
18、ared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 877-1:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a nation
19、al standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent right
20、s. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 877:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standar
21、d: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Ki
22、ngdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 877-1:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 877-1:2010 without any modification. Introduction Outdoor-exposure tests of the type specified in the three parts of this International Standard are needed to evaluate the performance of plastics when exposed t
23、o solar radiation. The results of such tests should be regarded only as an indication of the effect of exposure to direct weathering (ISO 877-2:2009, method A) or to indirect weathering using glass-filtered solar radiation (ISO 877-2:2009, method B) or to intensified solar radiation (ISO 877-3) by t
24、he methods described. Results from tests conducted in accordance with any of the parts of this International Standard will show some variability when comparing results from repeat exposures conducted at the same location at a different time. This is much more important for materials that show signif
25、icant change after a year or less of exposure. In general, results from repeat exposures at the same location are necessary to determine the range of performance of a material subjected to exposure to solar radiation as specified in this International Standard. Since the type of climate can have a s
26、ignificant effect on the rate and type of degradation, results from exposures conducted in different types of climate are necessary to fully characterize the outdoor durability of a material. For solar-concentrating exposures conducted in accordance with ISO 877-3, exposure duration is defined in te
27、rms of the total solar UV radiant exposure because of the annual and seasonal variations in solar ultraviolet radiation. Fresnel-reflecting concentrators of the type described in ISO 877-3, which employ solar radiation as the source of ultraviolet radiation, are utilized to provide accelerated outdo
28、or-exposure testing of many plastics materials. A system of classifying and characterizing climates in different parts of the world is given in Annex A. The test method chosen is usually that designed to expose the material to the most severe conditions associated with any particular climate. It sho
29、uld, therefore, be borne in mind that the severity of exposure in actual use is, in most cases, likely to be less than that specified in this International Standard, and allowance should be made accordingly when interpreting the results. For example, vertical exposure at 90 from the horizontal is co
30、nsiderably less severe in its effects on plastics than near-horizontal exposure, particularly in tropical regions, where the sun is most powerful at high zenith angles. Polar-facing surfaces are much less likely to be degraded than equator-facing surfaces because they are less exposed to solar radia
31、tion. However, the fact that they may remain wet for longer periods may be of significance for materials affected by moisture or for materials that are susceptible to microbial growth. 4EN ISO 877-1:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 1 Scope This part of ISO 877 provides information and general guida
32、nce on the selection and use of the methods of exposure to solar radiation described in detail in subsequent parts of ISO 877. These methods of exposure to solar radiation are applicable to plastics materials of all kinds as well as to products and portions of products. It also specifies methods for
33、 determining radiant exposure. It does not include direct weathering using black-box test fixtures, which simulate higher end-use temperatures in some applications. NOTE ASTM G 71and ASTM D 41412describe black-box exposure tests. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispen
34、sable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary
35、 ISO 877-2:2009, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass ISO 877-3, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 3: Intensified weathering using concentrated solar radiation ISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by
36、 machining ISO 4582, Plastics Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources ISO 4892-1, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance ISO 9370:1), Plastics Ins
37、trumental determination of radiant exposure in weathering tests General guidance and basic test method 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 9370:1997) 5EN ISO 877-1:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 ASTM G 179, Standard Specification for Metal Black Panel and White Panel Temperature Devices for Natu
38、ral Weathering Tests ASTM G 183, Standard Practice for Field Use of Pyranometers, Pyrheliometers and UV Radiometers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and ISO 9370 apply. NOTE ASTM G 1133defines terms used for artificially accelerate
39、d and natural weathering exposures. Submission of these definitions has been proposed for inclusion in ISO 472 and/or ISO 9370, or ISO 877, as appropriate. 4 Principle Specimens or, if required, sheets or other shapes from which specimens can be cut, are exposed to natural solar radiation (ISO 877-2
40、:2009, method A), or to window-glass-filtered solar radiation (ISO 877-2:2009, method B) or to intensified solar radiation using a Fresnel-reflecting concentrator (ISO 877-3). After the prescribed exposure period, the specimens are removed from exposure and, if a characterization is required, tested
41、 for changes in optical, mechanical or other properties of interest. The exposure stage may be a given period of time or may be expressed in terms of a given total radiant exposure or UV radiant exposure. The latter is preferred whenever the main objective of the exposure is to determine resistance
42、to solar radiation, since it minimizes the effect of variations in spectral irradiance with climate, location and time. Instrumental means of measuring irradiance, and means for integration to give the radiant exposure over a period of time, are preferred. NOTE 1 Physical standards that change in co
43、lour, or another property, upon exposure to solar radiation have been used to determine radiant exposures. Determinations of radiant exposure using these procedures are less reliable indicators than determination of radiant exposure by actual measurement of solar radiation. When comparing the result
44、s of exposure using ISO 877-2:2009, method A or B, with ISO 877-3, differences in specimen temperatures, ultraviolet radiant exposure levels and moisture deposition should be taken into account. Additionally, when comparing ISO 877-2:2009, method B, to ISO 877-3, the glass or other transparent mater
45、ial used as the filter must be identical. Comparison of results from ISO 877-3 to those from ISO 877-2:2009, method A or B, must be based on equal radiant exposure levels The climatic conditions during the test may be monitored and reported with the other conditions of exposure. It is recommended th
46、at a similar material of known behaviour be exposed simultaneously with the experimental material as a control. Unless otherwise specified, test pieces for the determination of change in colour and change in mechanical properties are exposed in an unstrained state. ISO 877-2:2009, method B, excludes
47、 the effects of wind and rain. The devices used for ISO 877-3 are typically equipped to provide moisture in the form of water spray. Exposures in hot and wet and in hot and dry climates are often used to benchmark the outdoor durability of materials such as plastics. Information on climate classific
48、ation can be found in Annex A. NOTE 2 More detailed information about the effects of different climates and different exposure parameters on the variability of results from outdoor exposures can be found in ASTM G 1414. 6EN ISO 877-1:2010 (E) DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 5 Apparatus 5.1 General requirements Exposure equipment consisting essentially of an appropriate test rack shall be used. The rack, specimen holders and other fixtures shall be made from inert materials that will no
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