DIN EN ISO 877-2-2011 Plastics - Methods of exposure to solar radiation - Part 2 Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass (ISO 877-2 2009) German version EN ISO 877-2 201.pdf

1、March 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 8

2、3.080.01!$n:.“1752311www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 877-2Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass(ISO 877-2:2009)English translation of DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 2: Bewitterung und Bestrahlen hinter Fensterglas (

3、ISO 877-2:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 2: Exposition directe et exposition derrire une vitre en verre (ISO 877-2:2009)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03Together with DIN EN ISO 877-3:2011-03supersedesD

4、IN EN ISO 877:1997-05www.beuth.deDocument comprises 11 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.DIN EN ISO 877-1:2011-03 and03.11 DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” (Sec

5、retariat: ANSI, USA) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” (Secretariat: NBN, Belgium). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Kunststoffe (Plastics Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 054-01-04 AA Verhalten gegen Umgebungsein

6、flsse. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 877-1 DIN EN ISO 877-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 877:1997-05 as follows: a) the standard has been divided into three parts; b) the direct exposure of plastics to

7、 solar radiation has been included as method A; c) the exposure of plastics to glass-filtered solar radiation (exposure behind window glass) has been included as method B. Previous editions DIN 53388: 1956-07, 1959-07, 1974-04, 1984-04 DIN 53388-1: 1967-08 DIN EN ISO 877: 1997-05 National Annex NA (

8、informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 877-1, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General guidance A comma is used as the decimal marker. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 877-2 December 2010 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 877:1996English Version Plastics Me

9、thods of exposure to solar radiation Part 2: Direct weathering and exposure behind window glass (ISO 877-2:2009) Plastiques Mthodes dexposition au rayonnement solaire Partie 2: Exposition directe et exposition derrire une vitre en verre (ISO 877-2:2009) Kunststoffe Freibewitterung Teil 2: Bewitterun

10、g und Bestrahlen hinter Fensterglas (ISO 877-2:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any

11、 alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other languag

12、e made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

13、Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION

14、EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 877-2:2010: EContents DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 2 Page Foreword3 1 Sc

15、ope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Principle4 4 Apparatus .4 5 Test specimens6 6 Conditions of exposure of the test specimens.7 7 Exposure stages 7 8 Procedure .8 9 Expression of results 9 10 Test report 9 Foreword The text of ISO 877-2:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics

16、” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 877-2:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identi

17、cal text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held respons

18、ible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 877:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,

19、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 877-2

20、:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 877-2:2010 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 3 1 Scope This part of ISO 877 specifies a method for the direct exposure of plastics to solar radiation (method A) and a method for the exposure of plastics to glass-filter

21、ed solar radiation (exposure behind window glass) (method B). The purpose is to assess property changes produced after specified stages of such exposures. General guidance concerning the scope of ISO 877 is given in ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents

22、are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 877-1: 2009, Plastics Methods of exposure to solar radiation Part 1: General gui

23、dance ISO 4582, Plastics Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources ASTM G 24, Standard Practice for Conducting Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass 3 Principle General guidance is giv

24、en in ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 4. 4 Apparatus 4.1 General requirements Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1, for general requirements. When installed, the racks employed in test methods A and B shall be capable of providing the desired angle of inclination (see 6.1) and shall be such that no portion

25、 of any test specimen is closer than 0,5 m to the ground or to any other obstruction. Specimens may be mounted directly on the rack or in suitable holders which are then affixed to the rack. Mounting fixtures shall be secure, but shall apply as little stress as possible to the specimens and shall pe

26、rmit shrinkage, expansion or warping to occur without constraint, as far as possible. In some cases, the object to be exposed is intended to be in direct contact with the ground (e.g. when entire vehicles are exposed). In these cases, the requirements for minimum distance between the specimens and t

27、he ground do not apply. DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 4 4.2 Test fixture for exposures using method A The design of the specimen rack shall be suited to the types of specimen being exposed, but for many purposes a flat frame mounted on a support is suitable. The materials used to co

28、nstruct the frame shall conform to the requirements given in ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1. All materials used for the test fixture shall be corrosion-resistant without the need for surface treatment. Aluminum alloys 6061T6 and 6063T6 and stainless steel have been found suitable for use in most loca

29、tions. Untreated wood may be acceptable for use in very dry locations. The test fixture may be adjustable with respect to both solar altitude (i.e. tilt) and azimuth. 4.3 Test fixture for exposures using method B The test fixture shall consist of an open-bottomed box with a framed cover of e.g. wind

30、ow glass, windscreen glass or automotive side-window glass. The box shall be fitted with a specimen rack that is positioned in a plane parallel to that of the glass cover and on which specimens may be mounted directly or in suitable holders. The materials used to construct the box and the rack to wh

31、ich the specimens are attached shall conform to the requirements of ISO 877-1:2009, Subclause 5.1. The test fixture may be adjustable with respect to both solar altitude (i.e. tilt) and azimuth. A schematic diagram of a set of acceptable under-glass exposure cases is shown in Figure 1. Sufficient sp

32、ace between the cover and the rack is necessary to ensure adequate ventilation; a minimum of 75 mm has been found suitable. To minimize shadows, the usable exposure area under the glass shall be limited to the area of the glass cover reduced by the distance from the cover to the specimens. The glass

33、 used for the cover shall be flat, uniformly transparent and without defects. For exposures under building-window glass, the glass cover shall be a piece of non-laminated, transparent flat glass. In order to reduce variability due to changes in UV transmission of glass, all new glass shall be pre-ag

34、ed for a period of 3 months. The thickness of the glass shall be 2 mm to 3,2 mm. Refer to ASTM G 24 for guidance on glass pre-ageing, routine maintenance and the lifetime of such glass. Other types of glass or glazing materials may be used as agreed upon by the interested parties. NOTE 1 Exposure un

35、der glass may give rise to different results compared to exposure to the open atmosphere because of a difference in spectral irradiance and a difference between under-glass and open-air temperature. NOTE 2 Information about spectral transmission and solarization of window glass can be found in the f

36、ollowing paper: KETOLA, W., ROBBINS, J.S., “UV Transmission of Single Strength Window Glass” in ASTM STP 1202, Accelerated and Outdoor Durability Testing of Organic Materials, Warren D. Ketola and Douglas Grossman (Eds), ASTM, 1993. In order to ensure the greatest consistency in the exposure conditi

37、ons, it is essential that the transmission of the glass used for method B exposures be regularly measured or that the glass be replaced on a regular basis. If transmission measurements are used for this, monitor transmission at 320 nm. Replace the glass when the transmission at 320 nm has dropped to

38、 80 % or less of the transmission measured when the glass was first installed. If transmission is not measured, replace the glass at least every five years. DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 5 Key 1 support post 2 angle adjustment arm 3 glass cover 4 wire screen or mesh (optional) 5 ply

39、wood backing (optional) 6 open frame (optional) 7 exposure angle 8 points of the compass (Northern hemisphere exposures) Figure 1 Typical set of exposure cases for weathering of plastics using glass-filtered solar radiation 4.4 Apparatus for measurement of climatic factors Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, S

40、ubclause 5.2. Radiometers used for the measurement of solar radiation behind glass in method B shall be mounted 75 mm 5 mm behind the glass and parallel to within 2 with the glass cover and the rack on which the specimens are mounted. The glass cover shall be at least 60 cm 60 cm in size. NOTE ASTM

41、G 24 describes a procedure for indirect calculation of total solar radiant exposure. 5 Test specimens Refer to ISO 877-1:2009, Clause 6. DIN EN ISO 877-2:2011-03 EN ISO 877-2:2010 (E) 6 6 Conditions of exposure of the test specimens 6.1 Exposure aspect The exposure angle shall be fixed, facing the e

42、quator, at an angle of tilt from the horizontal selected from one of the following, depending on the specification or requirements of the exposure test: a) Any angle between 0 and 90 from the horizontal, in accordance with the intended application of the material or the requirements of the specifica

43、tion. NOTE Exposures at tilt angles of 5 or 45 to the horizontal are very commonly used for plastics. 5 exposures are used to minimize pooling of water in horizontal exposures. Other angles may be used to obtain results relevant to special purposes; for example, vertical exposure may be required to

44、simulate conditions on the face of a building while 45 may be used for comparison with established databases. b) For maximum annual total solar radiation for exposure locations at latitudes up to 20 from the equator, adjust the tilt angle to be the same as the site latitude. c) For maximum annual to

45、tal solar radiation for exposure locations at latitudes greater than 20 from the equator, adjust the tilt angle to the site latitude minus 5 to 10. 6.2 Exposure site Test fixtures shall be located so that there is no shadow on any specimen when the suns elevation angle is equal to or greater than 20

46、. Additionally, for some applications, it may be desirable to include exposure in uncleared areas in jungle or forest regions in order to assess the effects of biological growth, termites and rotting vegetation. In choosing such sites, care shall be taken to ensure that: a) the uncleared site is tru

47、ly representative of the general environment; b) the exposure facilities and access paths do not grossly interfere with or modify the environment. To obtain the most reliable results, exposures should preferably be conducted at sites in a number of different environments, in particular those that re

48、semble as closely as possible the intended conditions of use. For guidance on climatic conditions, see ISO 877-1:2009, Annex A. 7 Exposure stages 7.1 General The exposure stages at which changes in properties of the test specimen are determined are specified by one of the following procedures. 7.2 D

49、uration of exposure The exposure stages shall be specified in terms of the duration of the exposure expressed, unless otherwise specified, either in months (for example, 1, 3, 6, 9, etc) or in years (for example 1, 1,5, 2, 3, 4, 6, etc.). When testing using either method A or B, the results for exposure stages of less than one year will depend on the season of the year in which the exposure was made. With longer exposure stages, seasonal effects will be averaged, but results may still depend upon the particular season in whi