DIN EN ISO 80000-10-2013 Quantities and units - Part 10 Atomic and nuclear physics (ISO 80000-10 2009) German version EN ISO 80000-10 2013《量和单位 第10部分 原子和核物理学(ISO 80000-10-2009) 德文版.pdf

1、August 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 27No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、 01.060!%(“2052790www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 80000-10Quantities and units Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics (ISO 80000-10:2009);English version EN ISO 80000-10:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08Gren und Einheiten Teil 10: Atom- und Kernphysik (ISO 80000-10:2009);Englische Fassung E

3、N ISO 80000-10:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08Grandeurs et units Partie 10: Physique atomique et nuclaire (ISO 80000-10:2009);Version anglaise EN ISO 80000-10:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the Ge

4、rman-language original shall be considered authoritative.7808.13 DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 80000-10:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden) and has been take

5、n over as EN ISO 80000-10:2013 by the CEN Technical Board (BT). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Technische Grundlagen (Fundamental Technical Standards Committee), Working Group NA 152-01-10-01 AK Begriffe und Formel-zeichen der Teilchenphysik. ISO 8000

6、0 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 1: General Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology) Part 3: Space and time Part 4: Mechanics Part 5: Thermodynamics Part 7: Light Part 8: Acoustics Part 9: Physical

7、chemistry and molecular physics Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics Part 11: Characteristic numbers Part 12: Solid state physics IEC 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 6: Electromagnetism Part 13: Information science and technology Part 14: Tele

8、biometrics related to human physiology The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography of this document are as follows: ISO 80000-1 DIN EN ISO 80000-1 ISO 80000-2 DIN EN ISO 80000-2 ISO 80000-3 DIN EN ISO 80000-3 ISO 80000-4 DIN EN ISO 8

9、0000-4 ISO 80000-5 DIN EN ISO 80000-5 ISO 80000-7 DIN EN ISO 80000-7)ISO 80000-9 DIN EN ISO 80000-9 IEC 80000-6 DIN EN 80000-6 Notes to the German version of this standard Users of this standard should note that the 2006 CODATA values cited here are no longer current and are to be replaced by the va

10、lues given in the current edition. )The title of the second edition of ISO 80000-2 will be shortened to read Mathematics. )In preparation. DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 6802-1, Neutron dosimetry Special terms and definitions DIN 6814-2, Terms in the f

11、ield of radiological technique Part 2: Radiation physics DIN 6814-3, Terms in the field of radiological technique Part 3: Dose quantities and units DIN 6814-4, Terms in the field of radiological technique Part 4: Radioactivity DIN EN 80000-6, Quantities and units Part 6: Electromagnetism DIN EN 8000

12、0-13, Quantities and units Part 13: Information science and technology DIN EN 80000-14, Quantities and units Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology DIN EN ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units Part 1: General DIN EN ISO 80000-2, Quantities and units Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to

13、 be used in the natural sciences and technology DIN EN ISO 80000-3, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time DIN EN ISO 80000-4, Quantities and units Part 4: Mechanics DIN EN ISO 80000-5, Quantities and units Part 5: Thermodynamics DIN EN ISO 80000-7), Quantities and units Part 7: Light DIN EN IS

14、O 80000-8, Quantities and units Part 8: Acoustics DIN EN ISO 80000-9, Quantities and units Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics DIN EN ISO 80000-10, Quantities and units Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics DIN EN ISO 80000-12, Quantities and units Part 12: Solid state physics ICRP 103, T

15、he 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRU 51, Quantities and Units in Radiation Protection Dosimetry ICRU 60, Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing Radiation )In preparation. DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN

16、 STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 80000-10 April 2013 ICS 01.060 English Version Grandeurs et units - Partie 10: Physique atomique et nuclaire (ISO 80000-10:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 March 2013. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENE

17、LEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre o

18、r to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has th

19、e same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungar

20、y, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in

21、 any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 80000-10:2013 E Quantities and units - Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics (ISO 80000-10:2009) Gren und Einheiten - Teil 10: Atom- und Kernphysik (ISO 80000-10:2009) Contents 2 EN ISO 80000-10

22、:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 Page Foreword .3 Introduction.4 1 Scope7 2 Normative references7 3 Names, symbols, and definitions 7 Annex A (informative) Non-SI units used in atomic and nuclear physics 73 Bibliography74 Foreword The text of ISO 80000-10:2009 has been prepared by Technical Com

23、mittee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention

24、 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

25、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan

26、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 80000-10:2009 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-10:2013 without any modification. of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO

27、) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-10:2013. 3 EN ISO 80000-10:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 Introduction 0.1 Arrangements of the tables The tables of quantities and units in this International Standard are arranged so that the quantities are presented on the left-hand pages and the uni

28、ts on the corresponding right-hand pages. All units between two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding full lines on the left-hand pages. Where the numbering of an item has been changed in the revision of a part of ISO 31, the number in the preceding ed

29、ition is shown in parenthesis on the left-hand page under the new number for the quantity; a dash is used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition. 0.2 Tables of quantities The names in English and in French of the most important quantities within the field of th

30、is International Standard are given together with their symbols and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbols are recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantities in the International System of Quantities (ISQ), listed on the left hand pages of the tab

31、le; they are not intended to be complete. The scalar, vector or tensor character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for the definitions. In most cases only one name and only one symbol for the quantity are given; where two or more names or two or more symbols are given for

32、one quantity and no special distinction is made, they are on an equal footing. When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and a; g and g), only one of these is given. This does not mean that the other is not equally acceptable. It is recommended that such variants not

33、be given different meanings. A symbol within parentheses implies that it is a reserve symbol, to be used when, in a particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning. In this English edition, the quantity names in French are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. The

34、 gender of the French name is indicated by (m) for masculine and (f) for feminine, immediately after the noun in the French name. 0.3 Tables of units 0.3.1 General The names of units for the corresponding quantities are given together with the international symbols and the definitions. These unit na

35、mes are language-dependent, but the symbols are international and the same in all languages. For further information, see the SI Brochure (8thedition, 2006) from BIPM and ISO 80000-1. The units are arranged in the following way: a) The coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopte

36、d by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The coherent SI units and their decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixes are recommended, although the decimal multiples and submultiples are not explicitly mentioned. 4 EN ISO 80

37、000-10:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 b) Some non-SI units are then given, namely those accepted by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of Legal Metrology (Organisation Internationale de Mtr

38、ologie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for use with the SI. Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broken line between the SI units and the other units. c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the text siz

39、e) in the “Conversion factors and remarks” column. d) Non-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of this International Standard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integral parts of the standard. These deprecat

40、ed units are arranged in two groups: 1) units in the CGS system with special names; 2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units. e) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, are given in informative annexes in some parts of thi

41、s International Standard. 0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities of dimension one, or dimensionless quantities The coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensionless quantity, is the number one, symbol 1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol 1 is ge

42、nerally not written out explicitly. EXAMPLE 1 Refractive index n = 1,53 1 = 1,53 Prefixes shall not be used to form multiples or submultiples of this unit. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 are recommended. EXAMPLE 2 Reynolds number Re = 1,32 103Considering that the plane angle is generally expresse

43、d as the ratio of two lengths and the solid angle as the ratio of two areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and steradian, symbol sr, are dimensionless derived units. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered as derived quantitie

44、s of dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thus equal to one; they may either be omitted, or they may be used in expressions for derived units to facilitate distinction between quantities of different kind but having the same dimension. 0.4 Numerical statements in this International Stan

45、dard The sign = is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the sign is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, and the sign := is used to denote “is by definition equal to”. Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimentally determined always have an associated measurement uncer

46、tainty. This uncertainty should always be specified. In this International Standard, the magnitude of the uncertainty is represented as in the following example. EXAMPLE l = 2,347 82(32) m In this example, l = a(b) m, the numerical value of the uncertainty b indicated in parentheses is assumed to ap

47、ply to the last (and least significant) digits of the numerical value a of the length l. This notation is used when b represents the standard uncertainty (estimated standard deviation) in the last digits of a. The numerical example given above may be interpreted to mean that the best estimate of the

48、 numerical value of the length l, when l is expressed in the unit metre is 2,347 82, and that the unknown value of l is believed to 5 EN ISO 80000-10:2013 (E) DIN EN ISO 80000-10:2013-08 lie between (2,347 82 0,000 32) m and (2,347 82 + 0,000 32) m with a probability determined by the standard uncertainty 0,000 32 m and the probability distribution of the values of l. 0.5 Special remarks 0.5.1 Quantities The fundamental physical constants given in ISO 80000-1