DIN EN ISO 80000-12-2013 Quantities and units - Part 12 Solid state physics (ISO 80000-12 2009) German version EN ISO 80000-12 2013《量和单位 第12部分 固体物理学(ISO 80000-12-2009) 德文版本EN ISO 8.pdf

1、August 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 14No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、 01.060!%(“2052792www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 80000-12Quantities and units Part 12: Solid state physics (ISO 80000-12:2009);English version EN ISO 80000-12:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08Gren und Einheiten Teil 12: Festkrperphysik (ISO 80000-12:2009);Englische Fassung EN ISO 80000-

3、12:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08Grandeurs et units Partie 12: Physique de ltat solide (ISO 80000-12:2009);Version anglaise EN ISO 80000-12:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language orig

4、inal shall be considered authoritative.3808.13 DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 80000-12:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden) and has been taken over as EN ISO 8

5、0000-12:2013 by the CEN Technical Board (BT). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Technische Grundlagen (Fundamental Technical Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 152-01-09-03 AK Festkrperphysik. ISO 80000 consists of the following parts, under the

6、general title Quantities and units: Part 1: General Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology) Part 3: Space and time Part 4: Mechanics Part 5: Thermodynamics Part 7: Light Part 8: Acoustics Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics Part 10: Atom

7、ic and nuclear physics Part 11: Characteristic numbers Part 12: Solid state physics IEC 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 6: Electromagnetism Part 13: Information science and technology Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology The DI

8、N Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in Clause 2 of this document are as follows: ISO 80000-2 DIN EN 80000-6 ISO 80000-3 DIN EN ISO 80000-3 ISO 80000-5 DIN EN ISO 80000-5 ISO 80000-7 DIN EN ISO 80000-7)ISO 80000-8 DIN EN ISO 80000-8 ISO 80000-9 DIN EN ISO 80000-9 ISO

9、80000-10 DIN EN ISO 80000-10 Notes to the German version of this standard Users of this standard should note that the 2006 CODATA values cited here are no longer current and are to be replaced by the values given in the current edition. )The title of the second edition of ISO 80000-2 will be shorten

10、ed to read Mathematics. )In preparation. DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 80000-6, Quantities and units Part 6: Electromagnetism DIN EN 80000-13, Quantities and units Part 13: Information science and technology DIN EN 80000-14, Quantities and units Pa

11、rt 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology DIN EN ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units Part 1: General DIN EN ISO 80000-2, Quantities and units Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology DIN EN ISO 80000-3, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time

12、 DIN EN ISO 80000-4, Quantities and units Part 4: Mechanics DIN EN ISO 80000-5, Quantities and units Part 5: Thermodynamics DIN EN ISO 80000-7), Quantities and units Part 7: Light DIN EN ISO 80000-8, Quantities and units Part 8: Acoustics DIN EN ISO 80000-9, Quantities and units Part 9: Physical che

13、mistry and molecular physics DIN EN ISO 80000-10, Quantities and units Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics DIN EN ISO 80000-11, Quantities and units Part 11: Characteristic numbers )In preparation. DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 4 This page is intentionally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROP

14、ISCHE NORM EN ISO 80000-12 April 2013 ICS 01.060 English Version Quantities and units - Part 12: Solid state physics(ISO 80000-12:2009)Grandeurs et units - Partie 12: Physique de ltat solide (ISO 80000-12:2009) Gren und Einheiten - Teil 12: Festkrperphysik (ISO 80000-12:2009) This European Standard

15、was approved by CEN on 14 March 2013. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conce

16、rning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CE

17、N and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic

18、, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC

19、Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 80000-12:2013 E Contents DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-12:2013 (E) 2 PageForew

20、ord 3Introduction . 41 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Names, symbols, and definitions . 6Annex A (normative) Symbols for planes and directions in crystals 33Bibliography . 34Foreword The text of ISO 80000-12:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” This Europe

21、an Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme

22、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eur

23、opean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sl

24、ovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 80000-12:2009 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-12:2013 without any modification. of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-1 :2013.

25、2DIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-12:2013 (E) 3 Introduction0.1 Arrangements of the tablesThe tables of quantities and units in this International Standard are arranged so that the quantities arepresented on the left-hand pages and the units on the corresponding right-hand pages.All units be

26、tween two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding fulllines on the left-hand pages.Where the numbering of an item has been changed in the revision of a part of ISO 31, the number in thepreceding edition is shown in parenthesis on the left-hand page under

27、 the new number for the quantity; a dashis used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition.0.2 Tables of quantitiesThe names in English and in French of the most important quantities within the field of this InternationalStandard are given together with their symbo

28、ls and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbolsare recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantities in the International System ofQuantities (ISQ), listed on the left-hand pages of the table; they are not intended to be complete.The scalar, vectorial

29、or tensorial character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for thedefinitions.In most cases only one name and only one symbol for the quantity are given; where two or more names or twoor more symbols are given for one quantity and no special distinction is made, they are on

30、an equal footing.When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and ; g and ), only one of theseis given. This does not mean that the other is not equally acceptable. It is recommended that such variantsshould not be given different meanings. A symbol within parentheses im

31、plies that it is a reserve symbol, to beused when, in a particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning.In this English edition, the quantity names in French are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. Thegender of the French name is indicated by (m) for masculine a

32、nd (f) for feminine, immediately after the noun inthe French name.0.3 Tables of units0.3.1 GeneralThe names of units for the corresponding quantities are given together with the international symbols and thedefinitions. These unit names are language-dependent, but the symbols are international and t

33、he same in alllanguages. For further information, see the SI Brochure (8thedition 2006) from BIPM and ISO 80000-11).The units are arranged in the following way:a) The coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopted by the General Conference onWeights and Measures (Confrence Gnrale

34、des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The use of coherent SI units,1) To be published. a gDIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-12:2013 (E) 4 and their decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixes, are recommended, although thedecimal multiples and submultiples are not explicitly mention

35、ed.b) Some non-SI units are then given, being those accepted by the International Committee for Weights andMeasures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of LegalMetrology (Organisation Internationale de Mtrologie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for

36、use with the SI.Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broken line between the SI units and theother units.c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the textsize) in the “Conversion factors and remarks” colum

37、n.d) Non-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of this InternationalStandard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integralparts of the standard. These deprecated units are arranged in two groups:1) units in the

38、 CGS system with special names;2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units.e) Other non-SI units are given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, in informativeannexes in some parts of this International Standard.0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities

39、 of dimension one, or dimensionless quantitiesThe coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensionless quantity, is the number one,symbol 1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol 1 is generally not written outexplicitly.EXAMPLE 1 Refractive index Pre

40、fixes shall not be used to form multiples or submultiples of this unit. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 arerecommended.EXAMPLE 2 Reynolds number Considering that plane angle is generally expressed as the ratio of two lengths and solid angle as the ratio oftwo areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that

41、, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and steradian, symbol sr, aredimensionless derived units. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered asderived quantities of dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thus equal to one; they may either beomitted, or they m

42、ay be used in expressions for derived units to facilitate distinction between quantities ofdifferent kinds but having the same dimension.0.4 Numerical statements in this International StandardThe sign is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the sign is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, an

43、dthe sign is used to denote “is by definition equal to”.Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimentally determined always have an associatedmeasurement uncertainty. This uncertainty should always be specified. In this International Standard, themagnitude of the uncertainty is r

44、epresented as in the following example.EXAMPLEIn this example, , the numerical value of the uncertainty indicated in parentheses is assumed toapply to the last (and least significant) digits of the numerical value of the length . This notation is used whenrepresents the standard uncertainty (estimat

45、ed standard deviation) in the last digits of . The numericalexample given above may be interpreted to mean that the best estimate of the numerical value of the length when is expressed in the unit metre is and that the unknown value of is believed to lie betweenand with a probability determined by t

46、he standarduncertainty and the probability distribution of the values of .n = 1,53 1 = 1,53Re = 1,32 103= :=l = 2,347 82(32) ml = a(b) m ba lb all 2,347 82, l(2,347 82 0,000 32) m (2,347 82 + 0,000 32) m0,000 32 m lDIN EN ISO 80000-12:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-12:2013 (E) 5 1ScopeISO 80000-12 gives names

47、, symbols and definitions for quantities and units of solid state physics. Whereappropriate, conversion factors are also given.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For und

48、ated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments) applies.ISO 80000-3:2006, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and timeISO 80000-4:2006, Quantities and units Part 4: MechanicsISO 80000-5:2007, Quantities and units Part 5: ThermodynamicsIEC 80000-6:2008, Quantities and units Part 6: ElectromagnetismISO 80000-8:2007, Quantities and units Part 8: AcousticsISO 80000-9:2009, Quantities and units Part 9: Physical ch