DIN EN ISO 80000-3-2013 Quantities and units - Part 3 Space and time (ISO 80000-3 2006) German version EN ISO 80000-3 2013《量和单位 第3部分 空间和时间(ISO 80000-3-2006) 德文版本EN ISO 80000-3-2013.pdf

1、August 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS

2、 01.060!%(=E“2052634www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 80000-3Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time (ISO 80000-3:2006);English version EN ISO 80000-3:2013,English translation of DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08Gren und Einheiten Teil 3: Raum und Zeit (ISO 80000-3:2006);Englische Fassung EN ISO 80000-3:2013,Engli

3、sche bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08Grandeurs et units Partie 3: Espace et temps (ISO 80000-3:2006);Version anglaise EN ISO 80000-3:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered a

4、uthoritative.2808.13 DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 80000-3:2006 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-3:2013 by the CEN Techn

5、ical Board (BT). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Technische Grundlagen (Fundamental Technical Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 152-01-03-01 AA Begriffe und Formelzeichen zu Raum und Zeit. ISO 80000 consists of the following parts, under the g

6、eneral title Quantities and units: Part 1: General Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology) Part 3: Space and time Part 4: Mechanics Part 5: Thermodynamics Part 7: Light Part 8: Acoustics Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics Part 10: Atomi

7、c and nuclear physics Part 11: Characteristic numbers Part 12: Solid state physics IEC 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 6: Electromagnetism Part 13: Information science and technology Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology The DIN

8、 Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in the Introduction and in Clause 2 of this document are as follows: IEC 60027-3 DIN EN 60027-3 ISO 8601 DIN ISO 8601 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 60027-3, Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology Pa

9、rt 3: Logarithmic and related quantities, and their units DIN ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times )The title of the second edition of ISO 80000-2 will be shortened to read Mathematics. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE

10、NORM EN ISO 80000-3 April 2013 ICS 01.060 English Version This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 March 2013. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national stand

11、ard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A v

12、ersion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrote

13、chnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak

14、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 80000-3:2013

15、 E Quantities and units - Part 3: Space and time (ISO 80000-3:2006) Grandeurs et units - Partie 3: Espace et temps (ISO 80000-3:2006) Gren und Einheiten - Teil 3: Raum und Zeit (ISO 80000-3:2006) Contents DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-3:2013 (E) 2 PageForeword 3Introduction 41 Scope 82 Nor

16、mative references 83 Names, symbols and definitions 8Annex A (informative) Units in the CGS system with special names 23Annex B (informative) Units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units . 24Annex C (informative) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding

17、the conversion factors . 26Foreword The text of ISO 80000-3:2006 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-3:2013. This European Standard shall be given the status of a

18、 national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

19、 patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria

20、, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey

21、 and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 80000-3:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-3:2013 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-3:2013 (E) 3 Introduction0.1 Arrangement of the tablesThe tables of quantities and units in this International St

22、andard are arranged so that the quantities arepresented on the left-hand pages and the units on the corresponding right-hand pages.All units between two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding fulllines on the left-hand pages.Where the numbering of an it

23、em has been changed in the revision of a part of ISO 31, the number in thepreceding edition is shown in parenthesis on the left-hand page under the new number for the quantity; a dashis used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition.0.2 Tables of quantitiesThe nam

24、es in English and in French of the most important quantities within the field of this InternationalStandard are given together with their symbols and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbolsare recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantities in the I

25、nternational System ofQuantities (ISQ), listed on the left-hand pages of the table; they are not intended to be complete.The scalar, vectorial or tensorial character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for thedefinitions.In most cases only one name and only one symbol for th

26、e quantity are given; where two or more names or twoor more symbols are given for one quantity and no special distinction is made, they are on an equal footing.When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and ; g and ) only one of theseis given. This does not mean that t

27、he other is not equally acceptable. It is not recommended to give suchvariants different meanings. A symbol within parenthesis implies that it is a reserve symbol, to be used when, ina particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning.In this English edition, the quantity names

28、in French are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. Thegender of the French name is indicated by (m) for male and (f) for female, immediately after the noun in theFrench name.0.3 Tables of units0.3.1 GeneralThe names of units for the corresponding quantities are given together with the

29、international symbols and thedefinitions. These unit names are language-dependent, but the symbols are international and the same in allThe units are arranged in the following way.a) The coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopted by the General Conference onWeights and Measure

30、s (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The use of coherent SI units1) To be published. a gDIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-3:2013 (E) 4 N1) National footnote: Current version: 8thedition, 2006. N2) National footnote: The document has already been published.languages. For further inf

31、ormation, see the SI Brochure (7thedition 1998)N1)from BIPM and ISO 80000-1 1) N2). is recommended; decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixes are recommended eventhough not explicitly mentioned.b) Some non-SI units are then given, being those accepted by the International Commit

32、tee for Weights andMeasures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of LegalMetrology (Organisation Internationale de Mtrologie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for use with the SI.Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broke

33、n line between the SI units and theother units.c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the textsize) in the “Conversion factors and remarks” column.d) Non-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of th

34、is InternationalStandard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integralparts of the standard. These deprecated units are arranged in two groups:1) units in the CGS system with special names;2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other

35、 related units.e) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, are given in anotherinformative annex.0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities of dimension one, or dimensionless quantitiesThe coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensio

36、nless quantity, is the number one,symbol 1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol 1 is generally not written outexplicitly.EXAMPLE Refractive index Prefixes shall not be used to form multiples or submultiples of the unit one. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 arerecommended

37、.EXAMPLE Reynolds number Considering that plane angle is generally expressed as the ratio of two lengths and solid angle as the ratio oftwo areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and steradian, symbol sr, aredimensionless derived units. This implies that the quant

38、ities plane angle and solid angle are considered asderived quantities of dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thus equal to one; they may either beomitted, or they may be used in expressions for derived units to facilitate distinction between quantities ofdifferent kind but having the s

39、ame dimension.0.4 Numerical statements in this International StandardThe sign is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the sign is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, andthe sign is used to denote “is by definition equal to”.Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimental

40、ly determined always have an associatedmeasurement uncertainty. This uncertainty should always be specified. In this International Standard, themagnitude of the uncertainty is represented as in the following example.EXAMPLEIn this example, , the numerical value of the uncertainty indicated in parent

41、heses is assumed toapply to the last (and least significant) digits of the numerical value of the length . This notation is used whenrepresents the standard uncertainty (estimated standard deviation) in the last digits of . The numericalexample given above may be interpreted to mean that the best es

42、timate of the numerical value of the length (when is expressed in the unit metre) is and that the unknown value of is believed to lie betweenand , with a probability determined by the standarduncertainty and the probability distribution of the values of .n = 1,53 1 = 1,53Re = 1,32 103= :=l = 2,347 8

43、2(32) ml = a(b) m ba lb all 2,347 82, l(2,347 82 0,000 32) m (2,347 82 + 0,000 32) m0,000 32 m lDIN EN ISO 80000-3:2013-08 EN ISO 80000-3:2013 (E) 5 0.5 Remark on logarithmic quantities and their unitsThe expression for the time dependence of a damped harmonic oscillation can be written either in re

44、al notationor as the real part of a complex notationThis simple relation involving and can be obtained only when e (base of natural logarithms) is used as thebase of the exponential function. The coherent SI unit for the damping coefficient and the angular frequencyis second to the power minus one,

45、symbol s1. Using the special names neper, symbol Np, and radian,symbol rad, for the units of and , respectively, the units for and become neper per second, symbolNp/s, and radian per second, symbol rad/s, respectively.The corresponding variation in space is treated in the same mannerwhere the unit f

46、or is neper per metre, symbol Np/m, and the unit for is radian per metre, symbol rad/m.The taking of logarithms of complex quantities is usefully carried out only with the natural logarithm. In thislogarithm of a ratio of the field quantity and a reference value , , in accordance with decisionsby CI

47、PM and OIML. Since a field quantity is defined as a quantity whose square is proportional to power whenit acts on a linear system, a square root is introduced in the expression of the level of a power quantitywhen defined by convention using the natural logarithm, in order to make the level of the p

48、ower quantity equalto the level of the corresponding field quantity when the proportionality factors are the same for the consideredquantities and the reference quantities, respectively. See IEC 60027-3:2002, subclause 4.2.2)The neper, symbol Np, and the bel, symbol B, are units for such logarithmic quantities.The neper is the coherent unit when the logarithmic quantities are defined by convention using the naturallogarithm, . The bel is the unit when the numerical value of the logarithmic