DIN ISO 10816-8-2014 Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Part 8 Reciprocating compressor systems (ISO 10816-8 2014)《机械振动 .pdf

1、November 2014Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 17.160!%3“2270216www.din.deDDIN ISO 10816-8Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotatingparts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems (ISO 10816-8:2014),English translation of DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-11Mechanische Schwingungen Bewertung der Schwingungen von Mas

3、chinen durch Messungen an nicht-rotierendenTeilen Teil 8: Hubkolbenkompressoren (ISO 10816-8:2014),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-11Vibrations mcaniques valuation des vibrations des machines par mesurages sur les parties non tournantes Partie 8: Systmes de compresseurs alternatifs (IS

4、O 10816-8:2014),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-11www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 32 pages11.14 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword . 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibli

5、ography . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions 7 4 Measurements . 7 4.1 Measurement procedure. 7 4.2 Measuring instrumentation and measured quantities . 8 4.3 Locations and direction of measurements . 8 4.4 Operating conditions 14 4.5 Record of measured res

6、ults . 14 5 Vibration criteria 14 5.1 Measuring quantities 14 5.2 Evaluation zones . 14 5.3 Guidance values for acceptable overall vibration values (2 Hz to 1 000 Hz) 15 Annex A (normative) Measurement information requirements. 18 Annex B (normative) Curves with overall limits of vibration velocity

7、values . 21 Annex C (informative) Measurement of vibration values on the crosshead guide 27 Annex D (informative) Root-mean-square value, peak value, and crest factor 30 Bibliography 32 DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-112National foreword The text of ISO 10816-8:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee IS

8、O/TC 108 “Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 2 “Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschu

9、ss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Com-mittee in DIN and VDI), Working Committee NA 001-03-06-02 UA (NALS/VDI C 6.2) Messung und Beurteilung von Maschinenschwingungen. Attention is drawn to the possibility that

10、 some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Previously, vibration of the frames of reciprocating compressor systems were to be evaluated in accordance with DIN ISO 10816-6. In the future,

11、 this type of vibration is to be evaluated solely in accordance with the present standard; for this reason, compressors have been deleted from the scope of DIN ISO 10816-6. The English abbreviation “r.m.s” stands for “root-mean-square value”; in the German version of this standard this term has been

12、 translated in the text with “Effektivwert”, although “r.m.s” is not translated in the symbols for reasons of compatibility with the ISO Standard. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 2954 DIN ISO 2954 ISO 5348 DIN ISO 5348 s

13、tandards series ISO 10816 standards series DIN ISO 10816 standards series ISO 13373 standards series DIN ISO 13373 The German Standards are given in National Annex NA. ISO 10816 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measureme

14、nts on non-rotating parts: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1500 r/min, 1800 r/min, 3000 r/min and 3600 r/min Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min

15、and 15000 r/min when measured in situ Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements o

16、n rotating shafts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-113National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 2954, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vi

17、bration severity DIN ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers DIN ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 10816-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibra

18、tion by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 min1, 1 800 min1, 3 000 min1and 3 600 min1DIN ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts P

19、art 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 min1and 15 000 min1when measured in situ DIN ISO 10816-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 1081

20、6-6, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW DIN ISO 10816-7, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for ind

21、ustrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts DIN ISO 10816-21, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox*)DIN ISO 13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibratio

22、n condition monitoring Part 1: General procedures DIN ISO 13373-2, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data *) Draft stage DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-114Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibrati

23、on by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems IntroductionISO 10816-1 gives general guidelines for the evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts. This part of ISO 10816, however, establishes special procedures and guidelines for the mea

24、surement and classification of mechanical vibration of reciprocating compressors. In general, it refers to vibration of the main structure of the compressor, including the foundation, pulsation dampers, and attached pipe system. The guidance values given for these vibrations are defined primarily to

25、 classify the vibration and to avoid problems with auxiliary equipment mounted on these structures. Recommendations for measurements and evaluation criteria are provided in this part of ISO 10816.Typical features of reciprocating compressors are the oscillating masses, the cyclically varying torques

26、, cylinder stretch and the pulsating forces in the cylinders, pulsation dampers, and the pipe system. All these features cause alternating loads on the main supports and vibration of the compressor system. The vibration values of reciprocating compressor systems are generally larger than for rotatin

27、g compressors but, since they are largely determined by the design features of the compressor, they tend to remain more constant over the life of the system than for rotating machinery.In the case of reciprocating compressor systems, the vibration measured on the main structure of the compressor (in

28、cluding the foundation, pulsation dampers and piping) and quantified according to this part of ISO 10816 can only give a rough idea of the vibratory states of the components within the machine itself.The damage, which can occur when exceeding the guidance values based on experience with similar comp

29、ressor systems, is sustained predominantly by machine-mounted components (e.g. instrumentation, heat exchangers, filters, pumps), connecting elements of the compressor with its peripheral parts (e.g. pipelines) or monitoring instruments (e.g. pressure gauges, thermometers). The question as above whi

30、ch vibration values damage is to be expected largely depends on the design of these components and their fastenings. In some cases, special measurements on certain compressor system components can be required to ascertain that the vibration values do not cause damage. It also happens that even if me

31、asured values are within the guidance values of this part of ISO 10816, problems can occur owing to the great variety of components which can be attached.Local vibration problems as described above can be, and have to be, rectified by specific “local measures” (e.g. by elimination of resonances). Ex

32、perience has shown, however, that it is possible in the majority of cases to state measurable quantities characterizing the vibratory state and to give guidance values for these. This shows that the measurable variables and the guidance values for acceptable vibration in most cases permit a reliable

33、 evaluation.If the measured vibration values as given in this part of ISO 10816 do not exceed the guidance values, abnormal wear of internal compressor components caused by vibration is unlikely to occur.The vibration values of reciprocating compressor systems are not only affected by the properties

34、 of the compressor itself but also to a large degree by the foundation. Since a reciprocating compressor can act as a vibration generator, vibration isolation between the compressor and its foundation can be necessary. The vibration response of the foundation and the vibration from adjacent equipmen

35、t can have considerable effect on the vibration of the compressor system.DIN ISO 10816-8:2014-1151 ScopeThis part of ISO 10816 establishes procedures and guidelines for the measurement and classification of mechanical vibration of reciprocating compressor systems. The vibration values are defined pr

36、imarily to classify the vibration of the compressor system and to avoid fatigue problems with parts in the reciprocating compressor system, i.e. foundation, compressor, dampers, piping, and auxiliary equipment mounted on the compressor system.This part of ISO 10816 applies to reciprocating compresso

37、rs mounted on rigid foundations with typical rotational speed ratings in the range 120 r/min up to and including 1 800 r/min. The general evaluation criteria which are presented relate to operational measurements. The criteria are also used to ensure that machine vibration does not adversely affect

38、the equipment directly mounted on the machine, e.g. pulsation dampers and the pipe system.NOTE The general guidelines presented in this part of ISO 10816 can also be applied to reciprocating compressors outside the specified speed range but different evaluation criteria might be appropriate in this

39、case.The machinery driving the reciprocating compressor, however, is evaluated in accordance with the appropriate part of ISO 10816 or other relevant standards and classification for the intended duty. Drivers are not included in this part of ISO 10816.It is recognized that the evaluation criteria m

40、ight only have limited application when considering the effects of internal machine components, e.g. problems associated with valves, pistons, and piston rings might be unlikely to be detected in the measurements. Identification of such problems can require investigative diagnostic techniques which

41、are outside the scope of this part of ISO 10816.Examples of reciprocating compressor systems covered by this part of ISO 10816 are horizontal, vertical, V-, W-, and L-type compressor systems, constant and variable speed compressors, compressors driven by electric motors, gas, and diesel engines, ste

42、am turbines, with or without a gearbox, flexible or rigid coupling, and dry running and lubricated reciprocating compressors.This part of ISO 10816 does not apply to hyper compressors.The guidelines are not intended for condition monitoring purposes. Noise is also outside the scope of this part of I

43、SO 10816.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including a

44、ny amendments) applies.ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyDIN ISO 10816-8:2014-1163 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply.3.1compressor systemmachinery system comprising founda

45、tion, compressor (crankcase, crosshead guide, cylinders), pulsation dampers, and piping3.2overall vibration valuesingle numeric representation of a feature or aggregate of features derived from a raw or processed time waveform or frequency spectrum of a vibration signal and often accompanied by desc

46、riptive text or indicators to specify methods used in its derivationNote 1 to entry: The overall vibration value is measured in the frequency range from 2 Hz to 1 000 Hz.3.3corner frequencyfrequency used to convert the vibration displacement to vibration velocity and vibration velocity to vibration

47、acceleration for a sinusoidal signalNote 1 to entry: The corner frequencies are 10 Hz and 200 Hz, respectively.3.4vendormanufacturer or manufacturers agent who supplies the compressor system3.5purchaseragency that issues the order and specification to the vendor4 Measurements4.1 Measurement procedur

48、eThe primary measurement quantity shall be overall root-mean-square (r.m.s) vibration velocity in mm/s.If frequencies below the corner frequency of 10 Hz are expected or observed, it is recommended additionally to measure the overall r.m.s vibration displacement in mm (it is also common to display d

49、isplacement in micrometres where 1 m = 103mm).If frequencies above the corner frequency of 200 Hz are expected or observed, it is recommended additionally to measure the overall r.m.s vibration acceleration in m/s2(it is still common, but not recommended, to display acceleration in units of g where g = 9,81 m/s2).NOTE The relationship between displacement, velocity, and acceleration is given in B.1.Consequently, and in