DIN ISO 13373-2-2016 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines - Vibration condition monitoring - Part 2 Processing analysis and presentation of vibration data (ISO 13373-2 .pdf

1、November 2016 English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 17.160!%q6“2587819www.din.deDIN

2、 ISO 13373-2Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data (ISO 133732:2016),English translation of DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11Zustandsberwachung und diagnostik von Maschinen SchwingungsZustandsberwachung Te

3、il 2: Verarbeitung, Analyse und Darstellung von Schwingungsmesswerten (ISO 133732:2016),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11Surveillance et diagnostic d tat des machines Surveillance des vibrations Partie 2: Traitement, analyse et prsentation des donnes vibratoires (ISO 133732:2016),Trad

4、uction anglaise de DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11SupersedesDIN ISO 133732:200601www.beuth.deDocument comprises 42 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.11.16A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents PageNational forewo

5、rd 4Introduction .81 Scope . 92 Normative references 93 Signal conditioning 93.1 General . 93.2 Analogue and digital systems 113.2.1 General.113.2.2 Digitizing techniques .123.3 Signal conditioners .123.3.1 General.123.3.2 Integration and differentiation .123.3.3 Root-mean-square vibration value .13

6、3.3.4 Dynamic range 143.3.5 Calibration 143.4 Filtering 154 Data processing and analysis .154.1 General 154.2 Time domain analysis 164.2.1 Time wave forms.164.2.2 Beating .174.2.3 Modulation .184.2.4 Envelope analysis .194.2.5 Monitoring of narrowband frequency spectrum envelope 194.2.6 Shaft orbit

7、.204.2.7 d.c. shaft position 204.2.8 Transient vibration .204.2.9 Impulse 214.2.10 Damping . 224.2.11 Time domain averaging 244.3 Frequency domain analysis . 254.3.1 General. 254.3.2 Fourier transform 254.3.3 Leakage and windowing . 264.3.4 Frequency resolution 274.3.5 Record length .274.3.6 Amplitu

8、de modulation (sidebands) .274.3.7 Aliasing 294.3.8 Synchronous sampling .304.3.9 Spectrum averaging 314.3.10 Logarithmic plots (with dB references) 314.3.11 Zoom analysis 324.3.12 Differentiation and integration 32National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 6DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 2 4.4 Display o

9、f results during operational changes .334.4.1 Amplitude and phase (Bode plot) 334.4.2 Polar diagram (Nyquist diagram) 344.4.3 Cascade (waterfall) diagram . 354.4.4 Campbell diagram 374.5 Realtime analysis and realtime bandwidth .384.6 Order tracking (analogue and digital) . 394.7 Octave and fraction

10、aloctave analysis 394.8 Cepstrum analysis . 395 Other techniques .40Bibliography .42DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 3 National foreword The text of ISO 13373-2:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108 “Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 2 “Measurement and

11、evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration E

12、ngineering Standards Committee in DIN and VDI), Working Committee NA 001-03-06-05 UA (NALS/VDI C 6.5) Schwingungs- und Zustandsberwachung von Maschinen und -anlagen. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be

13、 held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 1683 DIN EN ISO 1683 ISO 2954 DIN ISO 2954 ISO 5348 DIN ISO 5348 standards series ISO 7919 standards series DIN ISO 7919 st

14、andards series ISO 10816 standards series DIN ISO 10816 ISO 10817-1 DIN ISO 10817-1 ISO 13372 DIN ISO 17359 Supplement 1 standards series ISO 13373 standards series DIN ISO 13373 ISO 16063-21 DIN ISO 16063-21 standards series ISO 20816 standards series DIN ISO 20816 The German Standards are given in

15、 National Annex NA. ISO 13373, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring consists of the following parts: Part 1: General procedures Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data Part 3: Guidelines for vibration diagnosis Part 7: Diagnostic tec

16、hniques for machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants Part 9: Diagnostic techniques for electric motors The following parts are under preparation: Part 4: Diagnostic techniques for gas and steam turbines with fluid-film bearings Part 5: Diagnostic techniques for fans and blo

17、wers DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 4 Part 6: Diagnostic techniques for gas turbines with rolling element bearings Part 8: Diagnostic techniques for industrial pumps Part 10: Diagnostic techniques for generators Part 11: Diagnostic techniques for gearboxes Amendments This standard differs from DIN ISO 1337

18、3-2:2006-01 as follows: a) the standard has been editorially revised and references have been updated; b) a new Figure 25 (in colour) has been added. Previous editions DIN ISO 13373-2: 2006-01 DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 5 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 1683, Acoustics Preferred

19、 reference values for acoustical and vibratory levels DIN ISO 2954, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity DIN ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers DIN ISO 7919-1, Mechanical

20、 vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 7919-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal o

21、perating speeds of 1500 r/min, 1800 r/min, 3000 r/min and 3600 r/min DIN ISO 7919-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 3: Coupled industrial machines DIN ISO 7919-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rot

22、ating shafts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 7919-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants DIN ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vib

23、ration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 10816-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1500 r/min, 1800 r/m

24、in, 3000 r/min and 3600 r/min DIN ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15000 r/min when measured in situ DIN ISO 10816-4, Mechanical

25、vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 10816-6, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW

26、 DIN ISO 10816-7, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts DIN ISO 10816-8, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-r

27、otating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems DIN ISO 10816-21, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 6 DIN ISO 10817-1, Rotating shaft vibration measuring system

28、s Part 1: Relative and absolute sensing of radial vibration DIN ISO 13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General procedures DIN ISO 13373-3, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 3: Guidelines

29、for vibration diagnosis DIN ISO 13373-9, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 9: Diagnostic techniques for electric motors *)DIN ISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 21: Shock calibration by comparison to a

30、reference transducer DIN ISO 17359 Supplement 1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Supplement 1: Explanations of technical terms DIN ISO 20816-1, Mechanical vibration Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration Part 1: General guidelines*)VDI 4550 Blatt 1, Vibration analysis Proce

31、dures and presentation of results Terminology and basic principles*)*) At present at draft stage. *) At present at draft stage; revision and combination of DIN ISO 7919-1 and DIN ISO 10816-1. DIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 7 IntroductionThe purpose of this part of ISO 13373, which covers the area of vibrat

32、ion condition monitoring of machines, is to provide recommended methods and procedures for processing signals and analyzing data obtained from vibration transducers attached to a machine at selected locations for the purpose of monitoring the dynamic behaviour of a machine.Broadband vibration measur

33、ements provide an overview of the severity of machine vibration that can be observed and trended to alert machine users when an abnormal condition exists with a machine. Processing and analyzing these vibration signals further in accordance with the procedures specified in this part of ISO 13373 giv

34、es the user an insight into ways of diagnosing the possible cause or causes of the machinery problems, which allows for more focused continued condition monitoring.The advantages of such a monitoring programme are that machinery operators will not only be made aware that a machine can fail at a cert

35、ain time, and that maintenance needs to be planned prior to the failure, but that it will provide valuable information regarding what maintenance needs to be planned and performed. The vibrations are manifestations or symptoms of problems such as misalignment, unbalance, accelerated wear, flow and l

36、ubrication problems.ISO 13373-1 contains guidelines for vibration condition monitoring of machines. This part of ISO 13373, however, contains guidelines for the processing, analysis and presentation of the vibration data thus obtained, and that can be used for diagnostics to determine the nature or

37、root causes of problems.The signal processing, analysis and diagnostic procedures applied to vibration condition monitoring can vary depending on the processes to be monitored, degree of accuracy desired, resources available, etc. A well-conceived and implemented condition monitoring programme will

38、include consideration of many factors, such as process priority, criticality and complexity of the system, costeffectiveness, probability of various failure mechanisms and identification of incipient failure indicators.An appropriate process analysis needs to dictate the types of data desired to mon

39、itor the machinery condition suitably.The vibration analyst needs to accumulate as much pertinent information as possible about the machine to be monitored. For example, knowing the vibration resonance frequencies and the excitation frequencies from design and analytical information will provide an

40、insight regarding the vibration frequencies anticipated and, consequently, the frequency range that is to be monitored. Also, knowing the machines initial condition, the machines operational history, and its operating conditions provides additional information for the analyst.Other advantages to thi

41、s pretest planning process are that it provides guidance as to what types of transducers are necessary, where they need to be optimally located, what kind of signal conditioning equipment is required, what type of analysis would be most appropriate, and what are the relevant criteria.Further standar

42、ds on the subject of machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics are in preparation. These are intended to provide guidance on the overall monitoring of the “health” of machines, including factors such as vibration, oil purity, thermography and performance. Basic techniques for diagnosis are desc

43、ribed in ISO 13373-3.Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration dataDIN ISO 13373-2:2016-11 8 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 13373 recommends procedures for processing and presenting vibration data and analyzing

44、 vibration signatures for the purpose of monitoring the vibration condition of rotating machinery, and performing diagnostics as appropriate. Different techniques are described for different applications. Signal enhancement techniques and analysis methods used for the investigation of particular mac

45、hine dynamic phenomena are included. Many of these techniques can be applied to other machine types, including reciprocating machines. Example formats for the parameters that are commonly plotted for evaluation and diagnostic purposes are also given.This part of ISO 13373 is divided essentially into

46、 two basic approaches when analysing vibration signals: the time domain and the frequency domain. Some approaches to the refinement of diagnostic results, by changing the operational conditions, are also covered.This part of ISO 13373 includes only the most commonly used techniques for the vibration

47、 condition monitoring, analysis and diagnostics of machines. There are many other techniques used to determine the behaviour of machines that apply to more indepth vibration analysis and diagnostic investigations beyond the normal followon to machinery condition monitoring. A detailed description of these techniques is beyond the scope of this part of ISO 13373, but some of these more advanced special purpose techniques are listed in Clause 5 for additional information.For specific machine typ