DIN ISO 13373-3-2015 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines - Vibration condition monitoring - Part 3 Guidelines for vibration diagnosis (ISO 13373-3 2015)《机器的工况监测和诊断 振动状.pdf

1、December 2015English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 17.160!%Im“2385974www.din.deDIN

2、ISO 13373-3Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 3: Guidelines for vibration diagnosis (ISO 13373-3:2015),English translation of DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12Zustandsberwachung und -diagnostik von Maschinen Schwingungs-Zustandsberwachung Teil 3: Anleitungen z

3、ur Schwingungsdiagnose (ISO 13373-3:2015),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12Surveillance et diagnostic dtat des machines Surveillance des vibrations Partie 3: Lignes directrices pour le diagnostic des vibrations (ISO 13373-3:2015),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12www.beuth

4、.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 43 pages12.15 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword . 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 4 Introduction 7 1 Scope . 8

5、 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Measurements 8 4.1 Vibration measurements . 8 4.2 Machine operational parameter measurements . 9 5 Structured diagnostic approach . 9 6 Additional analysis and testing 10 6.1 General 10 6.2 Not requiring changes to operating parameters . 10 6

6、.2.1 General . 10 6.2.2 Trend analysis 10 6.2.3 Phase analysis 10 6.2.4 Resonance test . 10 6.2.5 Measurement of operational deflection shape . 10 6.2.6 Long-time waveform capture 10 6.3 Requiring changes to operating parameters . 11 6.3.1 Changes to operating conditions . 11 6.3.2 Complete experime

7、ntal modal analysis . 11 6.4 Changes to the physical state of the machine . 11 7 Additional diagnostic techniques 11 8 Considerations when recommending actions . 12 Annex A (normative) Process tables for the systematic approach to vibration analysis of machines . 13 Annex B (informative) Installatio

8、n faults common to all machines 19 Annex C (informative) Diagnosis of radial hydrodynamic fluid-film bearings 26 Annex D (informative) Diagnosis of rolling element bearings . 36 Bibliography 43 2DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-123DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12National foreword The text of ISO 13373-3:2015 has been pr

9、epared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108 “Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 2 “Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its p

10、reparation was Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee in DIN and VDI), Working Committee NA 001-03-06-05 UA (NALS/VDI C 6.5) Schwingungs- und Zustandsberwachung von Maschinen und Anlagen. Att

11、ention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follo

12、ws: ISO 1925 DIN ISO 1925 ISO 2954 DIN ISO 2954 ISO 7919 standards series DIN ISO 7919 standards series ISO 10816 standards series DIN ISO 10816 standards series ISO 10817-1 DIN ISO 10817-1 ISO 13372 DIN ISO 17359 Supplement 1 ISO 13373 standards series DIN ISO 13373 standards series ISO 17359 DIN I

13、SO 17359 ISO/TR 19201 DIN ISO 10816 Supplement 1 The German Standards are given in National Annex NA. ISO 13373 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring: Part 1: General procedures Part 2: Processing, ana

14、lysis and presentation of vibration data Part 3: Guidelines for vibration diagnosis Part 9: Diagnostic techniques for electric motors The following parts are under preparation: Part 4: Diagnostic techniques for steam and gas turbines with fluid-film bearings Part 5: Diagnostic techniques for fans an

15、d blowers Part 6: Diagnostic techniques for gas turbines with rolling element bearings Part 7: Diagnostic techniques for machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants Part 8: Diagnostic techniques for industrial pumps Part 10: Diagnostic techniques for generators Part 11: Diagno

16、stic techniques for gearboxes National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary DIN ISO 2954, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity DIN ISO 7919-1, Mechanical vibra

17、tion of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 7919-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal oper

18、ating speeds of 1 500 min1, 1 800 min1, 3 000 min1and 3 600 min1DIN ISO 7919-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Coupled industrial machines DIN ISO 7919-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-r

19、otating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 7919-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants DIN ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine

20、 vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 10816-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 min1, 1 80

21、0 min1, 3 000 min1and 3 600 min1DIN ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 min1and 15 000 min1when measured in situ DIN ISO 10816-4, Mechanical v

22、ibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 10816-6, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW

23、DIN ISO 10816-7, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts DIN ISO 10816-8, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-ro

24、tating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems DIN ISO 10816-21, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox DIN ISO 10816 Supplement 1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by m

25、easurements on non-rotating parts Supplement 1: Methodology for selecting machinery vibration standards, including the shaft vibration (ISO/TR 19201) DIN ISO 10817-1, Rotating shaft vibration measuring systems Part 1: Relative and absolute sensing of radial vibration 4DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12DIN ISO

26、13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General procedures DIN ISO 13373-2, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data DIN ISO 13373-9, Condit

27、ion monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 9: Diagnostic techniques for electric motors*)DIN ISO 17359, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines General guidelines DIN ISO 17359 Supplement 1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Supplement 1: E

28、xpla-nations of technical terms *) At present at draft stage. 5DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-126DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12 This page is intentionally blank IntroductionThis part of ISO 13373 has been developed as a set of guidelines for the general procedures to be considered when carrying out vibration diagnos

29、tics of machines. It is intended to be used by vibration practitioners, engineers and technicians and it provides them with useful diagnostic tools. These tools include diagnostic flowcharts, process tables and fault tables. The material contained herein presents a structured approach of the most ba

30、sic, logical and intelligent steps to diagnose vibration problems associated with machines. However, this does not preclude the use of other diagnostic techniques.ISO 13373-1 presents the basic procedures for vibration signal analysis. It includes: the types of transducers used, their ranges and the

31、ir recommended locations on various types of machines, online and off-line vibration monitoring systems, and potential machinery problems.ISO 13373-2 which leads to the diagnostics of machines includes: descriptions of the signal conditioning equipment that is required, time and frequency domain tec

32、hniques, and the waveforms and signatures that represent the most common machinery operating phenomena or machinery faults that are encountered when performing vibration signature analysis.The present part of ISO 13373 provides general guidelines for a range of machinery. Guidance for specific machi

33、nes is provided in other parts of this International Standard (currently under development).ISO 13373 does not define vibration limits; these are specified in ISO 7919 (all parts) for rotating shafts and ISO 10816 (all parts) for non-rotating parts.7DIN ISO 13373-3:2015-12Condition monitoring and di

34、agnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 3: Guidelines for vibration diagnosis1 ScopeThis part of ISO 13373 sets out guidelines for the general procedures to be considered when carrying out vibration diagnostics of rotating machines. It is intended to be used by vibration practition

35、ers, engineers and technicians and provides a practical structured approach to fault diagnosis. In addition it gives examples of faults common to a wide range of machines.NOTE Guidance for specific machines is provided in other parts of ISO 13373.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in who

36、le or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1925,1)Mechanical vibration Balanci

37、ng VocabularyISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 7919-1, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation criteria Part 1: General guidelinesISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vocabular

38、yISO 13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General proceduresISO 13373-2, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data3 Terms and definitionsF

39、or the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1925, ISO 2041 and ISO 13372 apply.4 Measurements4.1 Vibration measurementsReliable measurement is the essential basis of using this part of ISO 13373 (see Reference 1).1) To become ISO 21940-2 when revised.8DIN ISO 13373-3:201

40、5-12In general, there are three types of vibration measurements:a) vibration measurements made on the non-rotating structure of the machine, such as the bearing housings, machine casings or machine base, using e.g. accelerometers or velocity transducers (see ISO 2954);b) relative motion measurements

41、 between the rotor and the stationary bearings or housing, using e.g. proximity probes (see ISO 10817-1);c) measurements of the absolute vibratory motion of the rotating elements, using e.g. shaft riders or by combining the outputs of the methods described in items a) and b) (see ISO 10817-1).Intern

42、ational Standards have been written to help assess the vibration severity for these types of measurements, especially ISO 7919 and ISO 10816.It is important to recognize that the appropriate transducer and measurement system should be used for the diagnosis of faults considering specific situations

43、and machine types. For example, by taking into account the machines particular operational duty, the required frequency range and the resolution of measurement are determined.Description of transducer and measurement systems as well as specification of techniques are given in ISO 13373-1 and ISO 133

44、73-2, which shall be considered for appropriate selection.4.2 Machine operational parameter measurementsOperational parameters can significantly affect the vibration signature and therefore should be acquired alongside the vibration data in order to allow correlation for a diagnosis process. Example

45、s are rotational speed, load, pressure and temperature.It is good practice to obtain baseline vibration characteristics under a range of operating conditions and configurations as a basis for comparison with future vibration events.Additional guidelines on using operational parameters are given in I

46、SO 17359.5 Structured diagnostic approachThe tools used in this part of ISO 13373 to guide the diagnostic process are flowcharts, process tables and fault tables. The flowcharts and the process tables are essentially a step-by-step question and answer procedure that guides the user in the diagnosis

47、process. The flowcharts are used for an overview of the vibration events and characterize the features, while the process tables are used for more in-depth analysis. The fault tables are used to illustrate common machinery events and how they manifest themselves.Annex A specifies the systematic appr

48、oach to the vibration analysis of machines:a) A.1 is used to gather background information regarding the machine, nature and severity of the vibration.b) A.2 is used to answer a set of questions aimed at arriving at a probable diagnosis of such common faults as unbalance, misalignment and rubs.c) A.

49、3 is used to set out certain considerations when recommending actions following a probable diagnosis.In addition, approaches for faults common to a wide range of machines are shown in other annexes: Installation faults and examples are described in Annex B. Radial hydrodynamic fluid-film bearing faults and examples are described in Annex C. Rolling elem