1、September 2016 English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 21.120.40!%Zsp“2558077www.din.
2、deDIN ISO 21940-12Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 12: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with flexible behaviour (ISO 21940-12:2016),English translation of DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09Mechanische Schwingungen Auswuchten von Rotoren Teil 12: Verfahren und Toleranzen fr Rotoren mit nachgiebige
3、m Verhalten (ISO 21940-12:2016),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09Vibrations mcaniques quilibrage des rotors Partie 12: Modes opratoires et tolrances pour les rotors comportement flexible (ISO 21940-12:2016),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09SupersedesDIN ISO 11342:1999-0
4、5 andDIN ISO 11342Corrigendum 1:2001-10www.beuth.deDocument comprises 41 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.08.16 Foreword 8Introduction 91 Scope 102 Normative references . 103 Terms and definitions 104 Fundamental
5、s of dynamics and balancing of rotors with flexible behaviour 114.1 General 114.2 Unbalance distribution . 114.3 Mode shapes of rotors with flexible behaviour . 114.4 Response of a rotor with flexible behaviour to unbalance . 124.5 Aims of balancing rotors with flexible behaviour 134.6 Provision for
6、 correction planes . 144.7 Coupled rotors 145 Rotor configurations 146 Procedures for balancing rotors with flexible behaviour at low speed . 166.1 General 166.2 Selection of correction planes . 176.3 Service speed of the rotor . 176.4 Initial unbalance . 176.5 Low-speed balancing procedures 176.5.1
7、 Procedure A Single-plane balancing . 176.5.2 Procedure B Two-plane balancing . 176.5.3 Procedure C Individual component balancing prior to assembly . 186.5.4 Procedure D Balancing subsequent to controlling initial unbalance . 186.5.5 Procedure E Balancing in stages during assembly . 186.5.6 Procedu
8、re F Balancing in optimum planes .197 Procedures for balancing rotors with flexible behaviour at high speed .197.1 General 197.2 Installation for balancing 197.3 Procedure G Multiple speed balancing 207.3.1 General. 207.3.2 Initial low-speed balancing 207.3.3 General procedure .207.4 Procedure H Ser
9、vice speed balancing . 227.5 Procedure I Fixed speed balancing 237.5.1 General. 237.5.2 Procedure 238 Evaluation criteria .238.1 Choice of criteria 238.2 Vibration limits in the balancing machine . 248.2.1 Overview 248.2.2 General. 248.2.3 Special cases and exceptions 248.2.4 Factors influencing mac
10、hine vibration 248.2.5 Critical clearances and complex machine systems258.2.6 Permissible vibrations in the balancing machine 25A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 5 2DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 .9 Evaluation procedures 2
11、79.1 Evaluation procedures based on vibration limits 279.1.1 Vibration assessed in a high-speed balancing machine 279.1.2 Vibration assessed on a test facility .289.1.3 Vibration assessed on site 289.2 Evaluation based on residual unbalance tolerances .299.2.1 General. 299.2.2 Evaluation at low spee
12、d 299.2.3 Evaluation at multiple speeds based on modal unbalances 299.2.4 Evaluation at service speed in two specified test planes .30Annex A (informative) Cautionary notes concerning rotors when installed in-situ 31Annex B (informative) Optimum planes balancing Low-speed three-plane balancing .32An
13、nex C (informative) Conversion factors .34Annex D (informative) Example calculation of equivalent residual modal unbalances 35Annex E (informative) Procedures to determine whether a rotor shows rigid or flexible behaviour 38Annex F (informative) Method of computation of unbalance correction 40Biblio
14、graphy .418.3 Residual unbalance tolerances . 268.3.1 Overview 268.3.2 General. 268.3.3 Limits for low-speed balancing 268.3.4 Limits for multiple speed balancing .273DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 National foreword The text of ISO 21940-12:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108 “Mechani
15、cal vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 2 “Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmmi
16、nderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Committee in DIN and VDI), Working Committee NA 001-03-06-01 UA (NALS/VDI C 6.1) Auswuchten und Auswuchtmaschinen. Besides this standard, DIN ISO 21940-12, a supplement to the standard (Supple
17、ment 1) has also been published that describes a modal procedure for balancing at multiple rotational speeds. This closes the remaining gaps in connection with balancing rotors with flexible behaviour. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subjec
18、t of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 1925 DIN ISO 1925 Standards series ISO 7919 Standards series DIN ISO 7919 Standards ser
19、ies ISO 10816 Standards series DIN ISO 10816 ISO 20816-1 DIN ISO 20816-1 Standards series ISO 21940 Standards series DIN ISO 21940 The German Standards are given in the National Annex. ISO 21940 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing: Part 1: In
20、troductionN1) Part 2: Vocabulary1) Part 11: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with rigid behaviour2) Part 12: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with flexible behaviour3) Part 13: Criteria and safeguards for the in-situ balancing of medium and large rotors4)N1) National footnote: Revision of IS
21、O 19499:2007, Mechanical vibration Balancing Guidance on the use and application of balancing standards (in preparation) 1) Revision of ISO 1925:2001, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary 2) Revision of ISO 1940-1:2003 + Cor.1:2005, Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements for rotors i
22、n a constant (rigid) state Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances 3) Revision of ISO 11342:1998 + Cor.1:2000, Mechanical vibration Methods and criteria for the mechanical balancing of flexible rotors 4DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 Part 14: Procedures for assessing balance errors5) P
23、art 21: Description and evaluation of balancing machines6) Part 23: Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station of balancing machines7) Part 31: Susceptibility and sensitivity of machines to unbalance8) Part 32: Shaft and fitment key convention9)Amendments This standard differ
24、s from DIN ISO 11342:1999-05 and Corrigendum 1:2001-10 as follows: a) the Corrigendum has been integrated and the standard editorially revised; b) the terms and definitions clause has been dropped; see DIN ISO 1925; c) former Annex F has been deleted, as it duplicated parts of Clause D.1. Previous e
25、ditions DIN ISO 11342: 1999-05 DIN EN 11342 Corrigendum 1: 2001-10 4) Revision of ISO 20806:2009, Mechanical vibration Criteria and safeguards for the in-situ balancing of medium and large rotors 5) Revision of ISO 1940-2:1997, Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements of rigid rotors Part 2
26、 Balance errors 6) Revision of ISO 2953:1999, Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Description and evaluation 7) Revision of ISO 7475:2002, Mechanical vibration Balancing machines Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station 8) Revision of ISO 10814:1996, Mechanical vibrati
27、on Susceptibility and sensitivity of machines to unbalance 9) Revision of ISO 8821:1989, Mechanical vibration Balancing Shaft and fitment key convention 5DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary DIN ISO 7919-1, Mech
28、anical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation Part 1: General procedures DIN ISO 7919-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with
29、 normal operating speeds of 1 500 min-1, 1 800 min-1, 3 000 min-1and 3 600 min-1DIN ISO 7919-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Coupled industrial machines DIN ISO 7919-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measu
30、rements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 7919-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants DIN ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evalu
31、ation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General procedures DIN ISO 10816-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of
32、1 500 min-1, 1 800 min-1, 3 000 min-1and 3 600 min-1DIN ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 min-1 and 15 000 min-1 when measured in situ DIN I
33、SO 10816-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 10816-6, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with pow
34、er ratings above 100 kW DIN ISO 10816-7, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts DIN ISO 10816-8, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration b
35、y measurements on non-rotating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems DIN ISO 10816-21, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox 6DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 DIN ISO 20816-1, Mechanical vibrati
36、on Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration Part 1: General guidelines*)DIN ISO 21940-11, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 11: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with rigid behaviour DIN ISO 21940-12 Supplement 1, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 12: Procedures and toleran
37、ces for rotors with flexible behaviour Supplement 1: Procedure for balancing at multiple rotational speeds DIN ISO 21940-13, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 13: Criteria and safeguards for the in-situ balancing of medium and large rotors DIN ISO 21940-14, Mechanical vibration Rotor balanci
38、ng Part 14: Procedures for assessing balance errors DIN ISO 21940-21, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 21: Description and evaluation of balancing machines DIN ISO 21940-23, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 23: Enclosures and other protective measures for the measuring station of b
39、alancing machines DIN ISO 21940-32, Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 32: Shaft and fitment key convention *)At draft stage. 7DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
40、The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-g
41、overnmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
42、 in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the
43、 possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO l
44、ist of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as wel
45、l as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurem
46、ent and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures.Mechanical vibration Rotor balancing Part 12: Procedures and tolerances for rotors with flexible behaviour8DIN ISO 21940-12:2016-09 IntroductionThe aim of balancing any rotor is to achieve satisfacto
47、ry running when installed in-situ. In this context, “satisfactory running” means that not more than an acceptable magnitude of vibration is caused by the unbalance remaining in the rotor. In the case of a rotor with flexible behaviour, it also means that not more than an acceptable magnitude of defl
48、ection occurs in the rotor at any speed up to the maximum service speed.Most rotors are balanced in manufacture prior to machine assembly because afterwards, for example, there might be only limited access to the rotor. Furthermore, balancing of the rotor is often the stage at which a rotor is appro
49、ved by the purchaser. Thus, while satisfactory running in-situ is the aim, the balance quality of the rotor is usually initially assessed in a balancing machine. Satisfactory running in-situ is, in most cases, judged in relation to vibration from all causes, while in the balancing machine, primarily, once-per-revolution effects are consid
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