DIN ISO 25862-2013 Ships and marine technology - Marine magnetic compasses binnacles and azimuth reading devices (ISO 25862 2009)《船舶和海洋技术 航海磁罗盘 罗盘箱和方位读数装置(ISO 25862-2009)》.pdf

1、January 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 20No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 47.020.70!$U=“1935026www.din.deDDIN ISO 25862Ships and marine technology Marine magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices(ISO 25862:2009),English translation of DIN ISO 25862:2013-01Schiffe und Meerestechnik Magnetkompasse, Kompassstnde und Peilvorrichtungen (ISO 25862:2009),Englis

3、che bersetzung von DIN ISO 25862:2013-01Navires et structures maritimes Compas magntiques marins, habitacles et alidades (ISO 25862:2009),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 25862:2013-01SupersedesDIN EN ISO 449:1999-09,withdrawn 2010-09,DIN EN ISO 613:2002-02,withdrawn 2010-09,DIN EN ISO 694:2001-12 and

4、withdrawn 2010-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.5112.12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 5 3

5、Terms and definitions .5 4 Magnetic compasses .5 5 Binnacles . 12 6 Azimuth reading devices (class A and, if fitted, class B) . 16 7 Marking 17 8 Designation . 17 Annex A (normative) General testing and certification of marine magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices . 18 Annex B (n

6、ormative) Testing and certification of marine magnetic compasses 20 Annex C (normative) Testing and certification of azimuth reading devices 30 Annex D (normative) Type-testing and certification of binnacles 35 Annex E (normative) Positioning of magnetic compasses in ships . 43 Annex F (normative) D

7、etermination of safe distances . 48 Annex G (normative) Adjustment of magnetic compass deviation 49 Annex H (normative) Requirements of magnetic compass for lifeboats/rescue boats 51 2 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 National foreword ISO 25862:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8 “Ships and

8、 marine technology”, Sub-committee SC 6 “Navigation”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenstelle Schiffs- und Meerestechnik (Shipbuilding and Marine Technology Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 132-03-10 AA Naviga-tion (SpA von ISO/TC 8/SC 6 und IEC/TC 80).

9、 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as foll

10、ows: IEC 60945 DIN EN 60945 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 449:1999-09, DIN EN ISO 613:2002-02 and DIN EN ISO 694:2001-12 (withdrawn 2010-09) as follows: a) the standards have been combined in one standard; b) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN EN ISO

11、449: 1999-09 DIN EN ISO 613: 2002-02 DIN EN ISO 694: 2001-12 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 60945, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems General require-ments Methods of testing and required test results 3 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 Ships and marine technol

12、ogy Marine magnetic compasses, binnacles and azimuth reading devices 1 Scope This International Standard gives requirements regarding construction and performance of marine magnetic compasses for navigation and steering purposes, binnacles and azimuth reading devices. According to the design of the

13、ship, two types of binnacle are specified. This International Standard applies to liquid-filled magnetic compasses: intended for ships navigation and steering purpose in sea navigation according to regulations in force; having a direct reading system; which may be of the reflecting, projecting or tr

14、ansmitting types. In the context of this International Standard, a magnetic compass is an instrument consisting of a directional system supported by a single pivot inside a bowl which is completely filled with liquid, and which is supported in gimbals inside or outside the bowl. Compasses without gi

15、mbals are also covered by this International Standard; the requirements relating to gimbals do not apply to such compasses. This International Standard applies to all ships to which SOLAS applies (ships of gross tonnage W 150 t, engaged on international voyages and ships of gross tonnage W 500 t not

16、 engaged on international voyages) fitted with class A magnetic compasses, all ships to which SOLAS does not apply, fitted with the class A or class B magnetic compasses, and lifeboats/rescue boats fitted with a class B magnetic compass (as specified in Annex H). This International Standard does not

17、 apply to: a) dry card compasses, b) types of compass designed on principles different from those stated above or not complying with the descriptions given, or c) hand bearing compasses. The requirements for the testing and certification, positioning in ships and the deviation adjustment of compasse

18、s are given in the Annexes. 4 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including

19、 any amendments) applies. ISO 1069:1973, Magnetic compasses and binnacles for sea navigation Vocabulary lEC 60945:2002, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems General requirements Methods of testing and required test results IMO Resolution A.382(X) Recommendations on perfor

20、mance standards for magnetic compasses 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1069 and the following apply. 3.1 magnetic control sensor sensor using the geomagnetic field for feeding an automatic heading-control system, or controlling an off

21、-course alarm unit, or feeding other devices 3.2 minimum distance distance measured between the nearest point of magnetic material which is part of the ships structure and the centre of the compass NOTE The minimum distance for a standard compass is given in Figure E.1 and for a steering compass is

22、given in Figure E.2. 3.3 safe distance distance measured between the nearest point of the item concerned and the centre of the compass NOTE The safe distance is determined as specified in Annex F. 4 Magnetic compasses 4.1 Construction and materials 4.1.1 Magnetic material The magnets used in the dir

23、ectional systems of magnetic compasses shall be of a suitable magnetic material having a high remanence and coercivity of at least 18 kA/m. All other materials used in magnetic compasses, other than transmitting compasses, shall be of non-magnetic material. 4.1.2 Lubber mark In class A compasses, th

24、e distance between the lubber mark and the outer edge of the card shall be between 1,5 mm and 3,0 mm for direct reading and reflecting types and between 0,5 mm and 1,5 mm for projecting compasses. The width of the lubber mark shall not be greater than 0,5 of the graduation of the card. In class B co

25、mpasses, the compass shall be fitted with at least one lubber mark, indicating the direction of the ships head (the main lubber mark). Additional lubber marks are permissible. 5 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 The lubber mark shall be of such design as to allow the compass to be read from the steering positio

26、n when the bowl is tilted 10 in the case of a gimbal compass or 30 in other cases. 4.1.3 Position of the card (class A only) When the verge ring and the seating for the azimuth reading device are both horizontal, the graduated edge of the card, the lubber mark if a point, the pivot point and the out

27、er gimbal axis shall lie within 1 mm of the horizontal plane passing through the gimbal axis fixed to the bowl. 4.1.4 Angle of gimbal axes and intersection of vertical planes passing through them The angle formed by the outer and inner gimbal axes shall be of the values given in Table 1. The vertica

28、l planes through the gimbal axes shall intersect to within 1 mm of the pivot point. Any end play shall not cause these tolerances to be exceeded. Table 1 Angle of gimbal axes Magnetic compasses Angle of gimbal axes Class A (90 1) Class B (90 2) The outer gimbal axis shall be in the fore and aft dire

29、ction. For compasses without gimbals, which are also covered by this International Standard, the requirements relating to gimbals do not apply. 4.1.5 Thickness of the top glass cover (class A only) The thickness of the top glass cover and of the bottom glass of the compass shall be not less than 4,5

30、 mm, if non-toughened, and not less than 3,0 mm, if toughened. These values apply also to the thickness of the top glass in hemispherical compasses. If material other than glass is used, it shall be of equivalent strength. 4.1.6 Constructional condition within the temperature range Within the temper

31、ature ranges given in Table 2: a) the compass shall operate satisfactorily; b) the liquid in the compass bowl shall remain clear and free from bubbles and neither emulsify nor freeze; c) there shall be neither inward leakage of air nor outward leakage of liquid. No bubble shall form in a compass unl

32、ess it is specially provided to compensate for expansion; NOTE A bubble provided in a compass to compensate for expansion shall not inconvenience the functioning and reading of the compass. d) the internal paint shall not blister, crack or discolour appreciably; e) for class A compasses, that the fo

33、rce exerted on the pivot bearing, in the liquid at 20 C, by the directional system is between 0,04 N and 0,1 N when the card diameter is 165 mm or less, and is between 0,04 N and 0,14 N when the card diameter is larger than 165 mm; f) for class B compasses, the supporting force shall be such that th

34、e directional system always remains in contact with its pivot; g) the material of the compass card shall not distort. 6 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 Table 2 Temperature range Magnetic compasses Temperature ranges Class A 30 C to +60 C Class B 20 C to +60 C 4.1.7 Horizontal position The compass bowl shall b

35、e balanced so that its verge ring or top glass cover settles in the horizontal plane to within 2 when the gimbal ring is fixed in a horizontal position; this shall be so whether the azimuth reading device or magnifying glass is in place or not. 4.2 Mounting 4.2.1 Tilt of supporting device The bowl o

36、f the compass shall be mounted so that the verge ring remains horizontal to within 2 when the binnacle is tilted 40 in class A, 30 in class B in any direction and in such a manner that the compass cannot be dislodged under any conditions of sea or weather. The inner and outer gimbal bearings shall b

37、e of the same type. 4.2.2 Freedom of the card of the compass with no supporting gimbal In compasses in which no supporting gimbal is provided, the freedom of the card shall be 30 in all directions. 4.3 Directional system 4.3.1 Moment of inertia The moment of inertia of the directional system shall b

38、e approximately the same about all horizontal axes passing through the point of support on the pivot jewel. 4.3.2 Suspension (class A only) The directional system shall be retained in position by suitable means and remain free when the bowl is tilted 10 in any direction. 4.3.3 Magnetic moment (class

39、 A only) The magnetic moment of the magnets in the directional system shall not be less than the value given in Figure 1. 7 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 Key X card diameter, expressed in mm Y magnetic moments, expressed in Am2Figure 1 Magnetic moments of liquid filled compasses (minimum requirements) 4.3.4

40、 Settling time Following an initial deflection of the card of 90 from the magnetic meridian, the time taken to return finally to within 1 of the magnetic meridian shall not exceed 240/ H at a temperature of (20 3) C, where H is the horizontal component of the magnetic flux density in microteslas (T)

41、 at the place of testing. 8 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 4.3.5 Tilt of the directional system with regard to the vertical field (class A only) The directional system shall be so constructed, or balanced in such a way, that it does not incline more than 0,5 from the horizontal plane when the vertical flux d

42、ensity is zero. The inclination shall not change by more than 3 when the vertical flux density changes 100 T. 4.3.6 Supporting force (class A only) The force exerted on the pivot bearing, in the liquid used, by the directional system shall be between 0,04 N and 0,1 N when the card diameter is 165 mm

43、 or less, and shall be between 0,04 N and 0,14 N when the card diameter is larger than 165 mm. 4.4 Compass card 4.4.1 Graduation The compass card shall be graduated with 360 single degrees, starting from North in the clockwise direction as viewed from above. Each tenth degree should be marked with t

44、he three corresponding numbers. North should also be indicated by “000”. The cardinal points shall be indicated by the capital letters “N”,“S”,“E” and “W”; the intermediate points may also be marked. Alternatively, the North point may be indicated by a suitable symbol. The card shall be numbered as

45、given in Table 3. Table 3 Graduation of the card Magnetic compasses Equal interval of the graduation Card numbered Class A 1 Every 10 Class B Not more than 5 Every 30 Where the compass card is printed on both sides, the graduations shall coincide with a tolerance of 0,2. 4.4.2 Diameter of the card T

46、he diameter of the compass card for binnacles of the following types are as given in Table 4. Table 4 Diameter of the card Magnetic compasses Binnacle types Diameter of the card A1 165 mm or more Class A A2 125 mm or more A1 Class B A2 125 mm or more NOTE 1 Binnacle type A1 (see 5.1) is defined as t

47、he height of the binnacle being not less than 1 m; if the height of the binnacle is less than 1 m, it is binnacle type A2 (see 5.2). NOTE 2 Diameter of the card of the magnetic compass for lifeboat/rescue boats is given in H.2.1. 9 DIN ISO 25862:2013-01 4.4.3 Readability Steering compasses of each c

48、lass shall be able to be read by a person with normal vision at a distance from the magnetic compasses as given in Table 5 in both daylight and artificial light, the graduations on the card being contained within a sector whose width is not less than 15 to each side of the lubber mark. The use of a magnifying glass is permitted. For reflecting and projecting compasses, the lubber mark shall be visible and the 30 sector of the card shall be readable by a person with normal vision at a distan