DIN ISO 2954-2012 Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery - Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity (ISO 2954 2012)《旋转式和往复式机器的机械振动 对测量振动烈.pdf

1、October 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC

2、S 17.160!$wz“1918487www.din.deDDIN ISO 2954Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity(ISO 2954:2012),English translation of DIN ISO 2954:2012-10Mechanische Schwingungen von Hubkolbenmaschinen und von Maschinen mitrotiere

3、nden Bauteilen Anforderungen an Schwingstrkemessgerte (ISO 2954:2012),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 2954:2012-10Vibrations mcaniques des machines tournantes ou alternatives Exigences relatives aux appareils de mesure de lintensit vibratoire (ISO 2954:2012),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 2954:2012

4、-10SupersedesDIN 45666:1967-02, withdrawn2001-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1709.12 DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3 National Annex NA (informative

5、) Bibliography 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Measurement quantities 5 5 General requirements 6 6 Requirements for the vibration transducer and connecting cable . 11 7 Requirements for the indicating unit 12 8 Power requirements . 13 9 Instruction manual 13 Annex A

6、 (informative) Method for testing r.m.s-voltage indicators 14 A.1 Test circuit . 14 A.2 Procedure 16 Bibliography . 18 DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 3 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108 “Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring”, Subcommittee SC 3

7、“Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments” (Secretariat: DS, Denmark). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engineering Standards Com

8、mittee in DIN and VDI), Working Committee NA 001-03-02 (NALS/VDI C 2) Schwingungsmesstechnik. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. In the

9、German version of this standard, the word “peak-to-peak value” was translated as Spitze-Spitze-Wert instead of Schwingungsbreite or Spitze-Tal-Wert according to DIN 5483-1. This gives better agreement with the ISO Standard and also a link to index p-p specified in DIN ISO 10816. Further, the index “

10、rms” (root-mean-square) has been translated in the German version of this standard as “eff”. Because for some types of vibration transducer, e.g. IEPE transducers, part of the signal processing takes place in the transducer itself, the component placed behind the transducer of a vibration severity m

11、easuring instrument is referred to here as an “indicating unit” and not as a “signal processing element”. The indicator is a component of the indicating unit. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 266 DIN EN ISO 266 ISO 5348 D

12、IN ISO 5348 ISO 10816 (standards series) DIN ISO 10816 (standards series) ISO 13373-1 DIN ISO 13373-1 IEC 61000-6-2 DIN EN 61000-6-2 (VDE 0839-6-2) IEC 61010-1 DIN EN 61010-1 (VDE 0411-1) IEC 61260 DIN EN 61260 The German standards are listed in the National Annex NA. Amendments This standard differ

13、s from DIN 45666:1967-02 as follows: a) the number of the standard has been changed; b) third-order Butterworth filters are now specified; c) the standard now covers frequency ranges other than 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz; d) the meaning of the term “vibration severity” has been generalised. Previous editions

14、 DIN 45666: 1967-02 DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 4 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 5483-1, Time-dependent quantities Terms for the time-dependency DIN EN 61000-6-2 (VDE 0839-6-2), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-2: Generic standards Immunity for industrial environments DIN EN 610

15、10-1 (VDE 0411-1), Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements DIN EN 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters DIN EN ISO 266, Acoustic Preferred frequencies DIN ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and

16、 shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers DIN ISO 10816-1:1997-08, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 10816-1/A1:2010-06, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating

17、 parts Part 1: General guidelines DIN ISO 10816-2, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/min DIN

18、ISO 10816-3, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ DIN ISO 10816-4, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine v

19、ibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings DIN ISO 10816-6:1997-08, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW DIN ISO 10816-7, Mechani

20、cal vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts DIN ISO 13373-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vibration condition monitoring Part 1: General proced

21、ures ISO 10816-5, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severit

22、y1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirements which it is necessary for a measuring instrument for vibration severity of machines to meet if inaccuracies of measurement made on the casing of machines, particularly when making repeated measurements for trend monitoring of a certain machi

23、ne, are not to exceed a specific value.The instruments covered by this International Standard give direct indication or recording of root-mean-square (r.m.s.) vibration velocity that is defined as a measurement unit.NOTE 1 A method of checking true r.m.s. indication is described in Annex A. This met

24、hod is mainly retained for instruments not based on modern analogue to digital conversion and numerical calculation of r.m.s., but can also be applied to instruments which are so based.NOTE 2 Subject to adaptation of the measurement frequency range, these instruments can be used for other applicatio

25、ns where similar accuracy of measurement is required, measurement of vibration velocity of structures, tunnels, bridges, etc. Optionally phase measurements may be included.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispen

26、sable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 10816-1:1995, Mechanical vibration Ev

27、aluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelinesISO 10816-6:1995, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW3 Terms and definitionsFor the purp

28、oses of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 apply.4 Measurement quantitiesThe measurement quantities given in Table 1 are used to describe mechanical vibration of non-rotating parts.Integration and differentiation among the measurement quantities is allowed both for broad band

29、 and discrete frequency component signals (see ISO 10816-1:1995, Annex A).The maximum measured vibration magnitude is called vibration severity. It can be given a severity grade (see e.g. ISO 10816-6:1995, Table 1).NOTE Formerly, vibration severity was normally only meant to be the maximum broad-ban

30、d r.m.s. vibration velocity from 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz. This International Standard specifies the requirements for such a limited instrument, but also permits use of other frequency ranges.The instrument should preferably be capable of measuring the measurement quantities given in Table 1, but shall at

31、least measure r.m.s. vibration velocity over the frequency range defined in 5.3.5 DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 If values at discrete frequencies are filtered from broad-band measurements, the band-pass filter shall have a suitable bandwidth. Phase relative to a shaft trigger reference or similar source may

32、also be measured to give the vibration vector with its magnitude as amplitude or as r.m.s. value.The actual measurement quantity shall be displayed and/or output as an analogue voltage signal or as digital data. The instrument manufacturer shall give details of the interface(s), which should comply

33、with common standards.Table 1 Measurement quantities for non-rotating partsMeasurement quantity UnitaBroad-band valuebAt discrete frequenciescDisplacementdm r.m.s. peak to peak amplitudeVibration velocityemm/s r.m.s. peak amplitude Accelerationfm/s2r.m.s.gpeak amplitude aOther units like inches, in/

34、s and gnare commonly used in some parts of the world and can be accepted, but the SI system should preferably be used.bOver a defined frequency range (see 5.3).cDirectly measured or filtered from broad-band measurements with a band-pass filter. Phase may also be measured to give the vibration vector

35、 if a second channel and a reference signal are available.dEspecially for low-speed range.eAs a general measurement quantity.fEspecially for high-speed range and for rolling element bearings. See ISO 10816-1:1995, Figure 6 or ISO 10816-6:1995, Annex C.gFor measurements on rolling element bearings, m

36、aximum magnitude is also common.5 General requirements5.1 A vibration measuring instrument usually consists of: a vibration transducer; an indicating unit; and a power supply system.5.2 The requirements specified in this clause apply to the general characteristics of the complete assembly of the tra

37、nsducer and the indicating unit. Clauses 6 and 7 contain the detailed requirements for each of these main units.5.3 The measurement frequency range of the vibration severity measuring instrument shall be from 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz but can include other ranges. (In some parts of ISO 108162a lower cut-off

38、 frequency of 2 Hz or even less is used. The requirements to the frequency response can be found from the formulas in 5.4).5.4 The sensitivity within the measurement frequency range shall not deviate from the reference sensitivity at the reference frequency by more than the quantities given in Table

39、 2 and shown graphically in Figures 1 and 2 for a reference frequency of 79,4 Hz.NOTE The reference frequency may also be 1 000 rad/s, i.e. approximately 160 Hz.The band-limiting element is a combination of high- and low-pass third-order Butterworth filter characteristics. These components are defin

40、ed as follows:a) high passHsQs Qs sh()=+111112213 (1)b) low pass6 DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 HssQsQsl()=+ +1132 42223(2)The product Hh(s) Hl(s) represents the band-limiting transfer function.Table 2 Sensitivity relative to the reference sensitivity and limiting values of the permissible deviation within t

41、he frequency interval from 1 Hz to 10 000 Hz for an instrument with a nominal frequency range from 10 Hz to 1 000 HzFrequencyNominal sensitivityUpper tolerance bandsLower tolerance bandsToleranceNominal valuesUpper tolerance bandsLower tolerance bandsHz dB dB dB dB1 -60,0 -40,0 -80,0 20 0,001 0,010

42、0 0,000 11,26 -54,0 -38,0 -70,0 16 0,002 0 0,012 6 0,000 31,58 -48,0 -36,0 -60,0 12 0,004 0 0,015 8 0,001 02,00 -42,0 -34,0 -50,0 8 0,007 9 0,020 0 0,003 22,51 -36,0 -32,0 -40,0 4 0,015 8 0,025 1 0,010 03,16 -30,0 -26,0 -34,0 4 0,031 6 0,050 1 0,019 93,98 -24,0 -20,0 -28,0 4 0,063 0,100 0,0405,01 -1

43、8,1 -16,1 -20,1 2 0,125 0,157 0,0996,31 -12,3 -10,3 -14,3 2 0,244 0,307 0,1947,94 -7,0 -5,0 -9,0 2 0,448 0,564 0,35610 -3,01 -1,01 -5,01 2 0,707 0,890 0,56212,6 -0,97 -0,14 -1,89+092083,0,894 0,984 0,80415,8 -0,27 0,56 -1,19+092083,0,970 1,067 0,87220,0 -0,07 0,76 -0,99+092083,0,992 1,092 0,89225,1

44、-0,02 0,81 -0,94+092083,0,998 1,098 0,89831,6 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,90039,8 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,90050,1 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,90063,1 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,90079,4 0,00 0,00 0,00 1,000 1,000 1,000100 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,9

45、00NOTE 1 The frequencies used are the theoretical base-10 one-third octave frequencies as defined in IEC 61260.8The nominal frequencies found in ISO 2661can also be used because the differences are very small.NOTE 2 The limits in the pass-band are maintained from ISO 2954:1975 to be 10 % limits, her

46、e expressed in decibels. The tolerances at the corner frequencies have been made to follow the theoretical curve for the filter rather than trying to maintain the precise tolerances in ISO 2954:1975.7 N1)0,00N2)DIN ISO 2954:2012-10 N1) National footnote: As stated in the first paragraph of 5.4, the

47、quantities given in Table 2 and Figures 1 and 2 are based on a reference frequency of 79,4 Hz. N2) National footnote: In ISO 2954:2012 the tolerance for the reference frequency 79,4 Hz is erroneously given as 0,830,92instead of 0,00 (see Figures 1 and 2). This has been corrected here. FrequencyNomin

48、al sensitivityUpper tolerance bandsLower tolerance bandsToleranceNominal valuesUpper tolerance bandsLower tolerance bandsHz dB dB dB dB126 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,900158 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,900200 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,900251 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,900316 0,00 0,83 -0,92+092083,1,000 1,100 0,900398 -0,02 0,81 -0,94+092083,0,998 1,098 0,8