1、June 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 0
2、1.070; 01.080.10!$| b) due to a), the standard has been divided into two parts: DIN ISO 3864-1 and DIN 4844-1 dealing with calorimetric and photometric requirements; c) preferred sizes of safety signs and fonts have been deleted; d) specifications relating to outer borders have been deleted; e) spec
3、ifications relating to borders of supplementary signs have been deleted; f) specifications relating to combination signs and associated direction arrows have been deleted; g) specifications relating to distance factors have been modified and transferred to an informative annex; h) the standard has b
4、een editorially revised. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 4 Previous editions DIN 4818: 1957-04, 1965-09 DIN 4819: 1965-09 DIN 4844-1: 1977-02, 1980-05, 2001-02, 2002-11, 2005-05 DIN 4844-2: 1977-02, 1982-11 DIN 4844-3: 1983-01, 1985-10 DIN VDE 6 = DIN 40006: 1927-04, 1952-03, 1964-06, 1968-01 DIN 40006-1: 19
5、58-09 DIN 40008: 1963-06 DIN 40008-1: 1975-10, 1985-10 DIN 40008-2: 1975-10, 1988-04 DIN 40008-3: 1975-10, 1985-02 DIN 40008-5: 1975-10, 1985-02 DIN 40008-6: 1975-10, 1985-02 DIN 40008-31: 1986-02 DIN 40008-32: 1987-05 DIN 40012-3: 1984-05 DIN 40022: 1985-06 DIN 40023-1: 1987-06 National Annex NA (i
6、nformative) Bibliography DIN 4844-1, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Observation distances and colorimetric and photometric requirements DIN 4844-2, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 2: Registered safety signs DIN ISO 3864-2, Graphical symbols Safety co
7、lours and safety signs Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels DIN ISO 3864-3, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 3: Design principles for graphical symbols for use in safety signs Introduction There is a need to standardize a system of giving safety information that
8、relies as little as possible on the use of words to achieve understanding. Continued growth in international trade, travel and mobility of labour requires a common method of communicating safety information. Lack of standardization may lead to confusion and the risk of accidents. The use of standard
9、ized safety signs does not replace proper work methods, instructions and accident prevention training or measures. Education is an essential part of any system that provides safety information. NOTE Information on procedures, criteria of acceptability, safety sign templates and application of safety
10、 signs are given on the website: http:/www.iso.org/tc145/sc2. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 5Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings IMPORTANT The colours represented in the electronic file of this part of ISO 3864 can be neither view
11、ed on screen nor printed as true representations. Although the copies of this part of ISO 3864 printed by ISO have been produced to correspond (with an acceptable tolerance as judged by the naked eye) to the colour requirements, it is not intended that these printed copies be used for colour matchin
12、g. Instead, consult ISO 3864-4 which provides colorimetric and photometric properties together with, as a guideline, references from colour order systems. 1 Scope This part of ISO 3864 establishes the safety identification colours and design principles for safety signs and safety markings to be used
13、 in workplaces and in public areas for the purpose of accident prevention, fire protection, health hazard information and emergency evacuation. It also establishes the basic principles to be applied when developing standards containing safety signs. This part of ISO 3864 is applicable to all locatio
14、ns where safety issues related to people need to be addressed. However, it is not applicable to the signalling used for guiding rail, road, river, maritime and air traffic and, generally speaking, to those sectors subject to a regulation which may differ. NOTE Some countries statutory regulations mi
15、ght differ in some respect from those given in this part of ISO 3864. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced d
16、ocument (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3864-3, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 3: Design principles for graphical symbols for use in safety signs ISO 3864-4, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 4: Colorimetric and photometric properties of safety si
17、gn materials ISO 17724:2003, Graphical symbols Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 17724 and the following apply. 3.1 combination sign sign that combines a safety sign and one or more associated supplementary signs on the same
18、rectangular carrier DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 6 3.2 factor of distance z relationship between the height (h) of a sign and the observation distance (l), used to determine observation distances of signs z = l/h ISO 17724:2003, 28 3.3 fire equipment sign safety sign that indicates the location or identif
19、ication of fire equipment 3.4 identifiability property of a graphical symbol which enables its elements to be perceived as the objects or shapes depicted ISO 9186-2:2008, 3.1 3.5 mandatory action sign safety sign that indicates that a specific course of action is to be taken 3.6 multiple sign sign t
20、hat combines two or more safety signs and associated supplementary signs on the same rectangular carrier 3.7 prohibition sign safety sign that indicates that a specific behaviour is forbidden 3.8 safe condition sign safety sign that indicates an evacuation route, the location of safety equipment or
21、a safety facility, or a safety action 3.9 safe observation distance distance a person can be from a safety sign while still able to identify the safety sign and have the opportunity to follow the message NOTE Adapted from ISO 3864-2. 3.10 safety colour colour with special properties to which a safet
22、y meaning is attributed 3.11 safety marking marking which adopts the use of safety colours and safety contrast colours to convey a safety message or render an object or location conspicuous 3.12 safety sign sign which gives a general safety message, obtained by a combination of a colour and geometri
23、c shape and which, by the addition of a graphical symbol, gives a particular safety message DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 73.13 sign height diameter of a circular geometric shape or height of a rectangular or triangular geometric shape 3.14 supplementary sign sign that is supportive of a safety sign and th
24、e main purpose of which is to provide additional clarification 3.15 visual acuity capacity for seeing distinctly fine details that have a very small angular separation ISO 17724:2003, 82 3.16 warning sign safety sign that indicates a specific source of potential harm 4 Purpose of safety colours and
25、safety signs 4.1 The purpose of safety colours and safety signs is to draw attention rapidly to objects and situations affecting safety and health and to gain rapid understanding of a specific message. 4.2 Safety signs shall be used only for instructions which are related to the safety and health of
26、 people. 5 General meaning of geometric shapes and safety colours The general meaning assigned to geometric shapes, safety colours and contrast colours is given in Tables 1 and 2. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 8 Table 1 Geometric shapes, safety colours and contrast colours for safety signs Geometric shape
27、Meaning Safety colour Contrast colour to the safety colour Graphical symbol colour Examples of use Circle with diagonal bar Prohibition Red WhiteaBlack No smoking Not drinking water Do not touch Circle Mandatory action Blue WhiteaWhitea Wear eye protection Wear protective clothing Wash your hands Eq
28、uilateral triangle with radiused outer corners Warning Yellow Black Black Warning; Hot surface Warning; Biological hazard Warning; Electricity Square Safe condition Green WhiteaWhitea First aid Emergency exit Evacuation assembly point Square Fire equipment Red WhiteaWhitea Fire alarm call point Coll
29、ection of fire fighting equipment Fire extinguisher aThe colour white includes the colour for phosphorescent material under daylight conditions with properties as defined in ISO 3864-4. Table 2 Geometric shape, background colours and contrast colours for supplementary signs Geometric shape Meaning B
30、ackground colour Contrast colour to background colour Colour of supplementary safety information White Black Rectangle Supplementary information Safety colour of the safety sign Black or white Any It is essential to achieve a luminance contrast between the safety sign and its background as well as b
31、etween the supplementary sign and its background on which they are mounted or displayed. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 96 Layout for safety signs 6.1 General The safety colours, contrast colours and geometric shapes (see Clause 5) shall be used only in the following combinations to obtain the five types of
32、 safety signs (see Figures 1 to 5). NOTE Layout templates for safety signs for ISO 7010 are available from the website of ISO/TC 145/SC 2. 6.2 Prohibition signs Prohibition signs shall comply with the layout requirements given in Figure 1. The centre line of the diagonal bar shall pass through the c
33、entre point of the prohibition sign and shall cover the graphical symbol. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Background colour: white Circular band and diagonal bar: red Graphical symbol: black Figure 1 Layout requirements for a prohibition sign 6.3 Mandatory action signs Mandatory action
34、signs shall comply with the layout requirements given in Figure 2. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Background colour: blue Graphical symbol: white The safety colour blue shall cover at least 50 % of the area of the sign. Figure 2 Layout requirements for a mandatory action sign DIN ISO 3
35、864-1:2012-06 10 6.4 Warning signs Warning signs shall comply with the layout requirements given in Figure 3. If b = 70 mm, then r = 2 mm. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Background colour: yellow Triangular band: black Graphical symbol: black The safety colour yellow shall cover at lea
36、st 50 % of the total area of the sign. Figure 3 Layout requirements for a warning sign 6.5 Safe condition signs Safe condition signs shall comply with the layout requirements given in Figure 4. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Background colour: green Graphical symbol: white The safety c
37、olour green shall cover at least 50 % of the area of the sign. Figure 4 Layout requirements for a safe condition sign DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 116.6 Fire equipment signs Fire equipment signs shall comply with the layout requirements given in Figure 5. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Backg
38、round colour: red Graphical symbol: white The safety colour red shall cover at least 50 % of the area of the sign. Figure 5 Layout requirements for a fire equipment sign 7 Layout for supplementary signs Supplementary safety information, as text and/or in the form of a graphical symbol may be used to
39、 describe, supplement or clarify the meaning of a safety sign. The supplementary safety information shall be placed in a separate supplementary sign or included as part of a combination sign (see Clause 8) or a multiple sign (see Clause 9). Supplementary signs shall comply with the layout requiremen
40、ts given in Figure 6. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Background colour: white or safety colour of the safety sign Figure 6 Layout requirements for a supplementary sign DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 12 Supplementary signs can be placed above, below, to the left or to the right of a safety sign
41、; see Figure 7. Figure 7 Examples of position assignment of a supplementary sign DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 138 Layout for combination signs Examples of layouts for a combination sign are shown in Figures 8 and 9. The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Colour of sign carrier: safety colour of the
42、safety sign or white Figure 8 Layout for a combination sign with the supplementary sign below the safety sign The colours of the sign shall be as follows: Colour of sign carrier: safety colour of the safety sign or white Figure 9 Layout for a combination sign with the supplementary sign to the right
43、 of the safety sign 9 Layout for multiple signs Multiple signs are a means of communicating complex safety messages. Examples of layouts for a multiple sign used to communicate a warning, a mandatory action and a prohibition are given in Figures 10 and 11. The order of the safety signs (and any corr
44、esponding supplementary signs) should be displayed according to the order of priority that is chosen for each of the safety messages. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 14 Figure 10 Example of a vertical layout for a multiple sign Figure 11 Example of a horizontal layout for a multiple sign 10 Design principles
45、 for graphical symbols Graphical symbols for use in safety signs shall be designed according to the principles given in ISO 3864-3. DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 1511 Layout for safety markings For the layout and meaning of safety markings see Table 3. The bands are of equal width inclined at an angle of a
46、pproximately 45. Table 3 Layout and meaning of safety markings Layout Colour combination Meaning/Use Yellow and contrast black To warn of potential hazards Red and contrast white Hazard locations and obstacles where there is the risk of people bumping, falling or tripping or loads falling To prohibi
47、t entry Blue and contrast white To indicate a mandatory instruction Green and contrast white To indicate a safe condition DIN ISO 3864-1:2012-06 16 Annex A (informative) Relationship between dimensions of safety signs and distance of observation A.1 General This annex relates to the perceptual quali
48、ty of the graphical symbol elements of safety signs, not the comprehension or meaning of the safety sign. In addition to being comprehensible, a graphical symbol should have sufficient perceptual quality to enable the eventual user population in a practical situation to identify its elements correct
49、ly. If the symbols ultimate meaning is to be understood, it is essential that its elements be identifiable. NOTE 1 ISO 9186-2 describes the concept of perceptual quality of graphical symbol elements. As the distance of observation from a safety sign increases, the subtended visual angles of graphical symbols decrease. The task of identifying the graphical symbol elements is more difficult as the distance of observation increases, which results in smaller percentages of the user population co
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