1、Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 83.060!%,D“
2、2099533www.din.deDDIN ISO 4649Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drumdevice (ISO 4649:2010),English translation of DIN ISO 4649:2014-03Elastomere oder thermoplastische Elastomere Bestimmung des Abriebwiderstandes mit einem Gert mit r
3、otierender Zylindertrommel(ISO 4649:2010),Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 4649:2014-03Caoutchouc vulcanis ou thermoplastique Dtermination de la rsistance labrasion laide dun dispositif tambour tournant(ISO 4649:2010),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 4649:2014-03SupersedesDIN ISO 4649:2006-11www.beuth
4、deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 24 pages03.14March 2014A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography .5 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and def
5、initions 7 4 Principle .7 5 Apparatus and materials 9 6 Calibration 10 7 Test pieces 11 8 Test temperature . 11 9 Procedure . 12 10 Expression of results 13 11 Precision . 14 12 Test report 14 Annex A (normative) Notes on a suitable abrasive sheet . 15 Annex B (normative) Standard and user-defined r
6、eference compounds 16 Annex C (normative) Calibration schedule 20 Annex D (informative) Precision and bias 22 Bibliography . 24 2DIN ISO 4649:2014-03National foreword This standard (ISO 4649:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45 “Rubber and rubber products” (Secretariat: DSM, Mala
7、ysia), Subcommittee SC 2 “Testing and analysis” (Secretariat: JISC, Japan). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-04-34 AA Prfung der physikalischen Eigenschaften von Kautschuk
8、und Elastomeren. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/or DKE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The trade names given in this standard represent examples of suitable com
9、mercially available products. This is solely intended as information for users of this standard and in no way represents DINs endorsement of the products named. Users of this standard should take note of the following: This standard contains the technical content of DIN 53516:1987-06, which had been
10、 replaced by DIN ISO 4649:2006-11. The method described in DIN 53516 corresponds to Method A specified here, where standard reference compound No. 1 is used and the abrasion is expressed as the relative volume loss. In addition to the determination of the mass loss of a non-rotating test piece, now
11、designated as Method A, a Method B involving rotating test pieces has now been specified. What was termed the “standard elastomer” is now called the standard reference compound No. 1. A second standard elastomer is now used which is called the standard reference compound No. 2. As a third alternativ
12、e, users may use their own reference compound. Results may now be expressed in two ways. What was previously termed “wear” is now called “relative volume loss”. The “abrasion resistance index” can also be used to express results. A low relative volume loss corresponds to a high abrasion resistance i
13、ndex. The following shall be agreed upon and stated in the test report: The method used (A or B), the reference elastomer used, and the means of expressing results (either as Vrelor ARI). Re 5.1: When the abrasive sheet is applied, it is essential to take account of the direction of motion of the sh
14、eet, which can be indicated on its reverse side, for example. The abrasive sheet is to be fixed centrally on the cylinder. Re 5.3: The ISO Standard recommends a speed of rotation of at least 1 000 min1for the hollow drill; at this speed the drill can be damaged and changes can occur in the elastomer
15、 due to overheating. It may therefore be better to work at feed rates of 600 min1to 800 min1. To avoid overheating, the drill is to be wetted using a suitable lubricant. Re 5.3: When working with sensitive materials, the rotational speed can be reduced to prevent damage to test pieces. Re 7.1: When
16、using a hollow drill to prepare test pieces care shall be taken that the piece is cylindrical because conical pieces distort results. Re 9.2: It has been shown that it is not sufficient to perform three test runs with the reference compound before the test series and three after the test series. Fiv
17、e test runs before and after the test series have proven adequate, particularly in cases of dispute. 3DIN ISO 4649:2014-03Re 10.1: Only the mean value of the mass loss of the reference compound is to be calculated. For the mass loss of the test rubber, the relative volume loss or abrasion resistance
18、 index is to be calculated. Then the mean value is to be calculated (see subclause 12 d) 1). Re B.2.4.4: In ISO 4649:2010 the hardness measurement method is correct, but the unit for the hardness result is incorrect. The result is to be stated as a Shore A hardness. The DIN Standards corresponding t
19、o the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 7619-1 DIN ISO 7619-1 ISO 23529 DIN ISO 23529 The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in the Bibliography is as follows: ISO 5725-2 DIN ISO 5725-2 It should be noted that ISO 2781 correspo
20、nds to a large extent to DIN EN ISO 1183-1. ISO 2781 DIN EN ISO 1183-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN ISO 4649:2006-11 as follows: a) hard rubbers which have a very low loss in mass when tested are now to be tested at a higher force; b) the calibration of the test apparatus is described;
21、c) Annex C “Calibration schedule” has been added; d) Annex D “Precision and bias” has been added; e) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 53516: 1943x-03, 1964-06, 1977-01, 1987-06 DIN ISO 4649: 2006-11 4DIN ISO 4649:2014-03National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN
22、 EN ISO 1183-1, Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method DIN ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatabili
23、ty and reproducibility of a standard measurement method DIN ISO 7619-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of indentation hardness Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness) DIN ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 5D
24、IN ISO 4649:2014-03WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and hea
25、lth practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. CAUTION Certain procedures specified in this International Standard may involve the use or generation of substances, or the generation of waste, that could constitute a local environmental hazard. Reference should be mad
26、e to appropriate documentation on safe handling and disposal after use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies two methods for the determination of the resistance of rubber to abrasion by means of a rotating cylindrical drum device. The methods involve determination of the volume loss due to
27、the abrasive action of rubbing a test piece over a specified grade of abrasive sheet. Method A is for a non-rotating test piece and method B for a rotating test piece. For each method, the result can be reported as a relative volume loss or an abrasion resistance index. Because factors such as the g
28、rade of abrasive sheet, the type of adhesive used in the manufacture of the sheet and contamination and wear caused by previous testing lead to variations in the absolute values of abrasion loss, all tests are comparative. Runs with a reference compound are included so that the results can be expres
29、sed either as a relative volume loss compared to a calibrated abrasive sheet or as an abrasion resistance index compared to a reference compound. NOTE The abrasion loss is often more uniform using the rotating test piece because the whole surface of the test piece is in contact with the abrasive she
30、et over the duration of the test. However, there is considerable experience using the non-rotating test piece. These test methods are suitable for comparative testing, quality control, specification compliance testing, referee purposes, and research and development work. No close relation between th
31、e results of this abrasion test and service performance can be inferred. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference
32、d document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2230, Rubber products Guidelines for storage ISO 2393, Rubber test mixes Preparation, mixing and vulcanization Equipment and procedures ISO 2781, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of density Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determ
33、ination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device 6DIN ISO 4649:2014-03ISO 7619-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of indentation hardness Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness) ISO 9298:1995, Rubber compounding ingredients Zinc oxide Test methods ISO 18899
34、2004, Rubber Guide to the calibration of test equipment ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 abrasion resistance resistance
35、to wear by mechanical action upon a surface NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, the abrasion resistance is expressed either as a relative volume loss compared to an abrasive sheet calibrated using a standard reference compound, or as an abrasion resistance index compared to a refer
36、ence compound. 3.2 relative volume loss Vrelvolume loss of the test rubber after being subjected to abrasion by an abrasive sheet which will cause a reference compound to lose a defined mass under the same specified conditions of test NOTE 1 A value of 200 mg has been established as the mid-point of
37、 the calibration range (see B.2.4.3) for the abrasive sheet using method A with standard reference compound No. 1 (see B.2) and considerable experience has been accumulated using the relative volume loss calculation in 9.2. A relative volume loss can be calculated for method B (rotating test piece),
38、 or with either test method with another reference compound, if the defined mass loss is known. 150 mg has been indicated as a possible value for method B with standard reference compound No. 2 (see B.3), but its accuracy has not been documented to the degree of the value 200 mg using method A with
39、standard reference compound No. 1 (see B.2). NOTE 2 Relative volume loss is expressed in cubic millimetres. 3.3 abrasion resistance index ARI IARratio of the volume loss of a reference compound to the volume loss of the test rubber, measured under the same specified conditions of test and expressed
40、as a percentage NOTE A smaller number indicates a lower abrasion resistance. 4 Principle A cylindrical rubber test piece is made to slide over an abrasive sheet of specified abrasive grade at a specified contact pressure over a given distance. The test piece may be non-rotating or rotating during th
41、e test. Abrasion takes place over one of the end surfaces of the cylindrical test piece (see Figure 1). The abrasive sheet is attached to the surface of a rotating cylindrical drum against which the test piece is held and across which it is traversed. 7DIN ISO 4649:2014-03The loss in mass of the tes
42、t piece is determined and the volume loss is calculated from the density of the material used for the test piece. The volume loss of the test piece is compared to that of a reference compound tested under the same conditions. A very important part of this method is the preparation of the abrasive sh
43、eet and its calibration using standard reference compound No. 1 (see B.2) with a non-rotating test piece. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 sledge 2 swivel arm 3 test piece holder 4 test piece 5 cylinder, diameter 150 mm 0,2 mm, length 500 mm 6 abrasive sheet 7 double-sided adhesive tape F vertical fo
44、rce aRotational speed 40 r/min 1 r/min. bGap of size u 2 mm. Figure 1 Schematic illustration of apparatus 8DIN ISO 4649:2014-035 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Abrasion machine The test apparatus (see Figure 1) consists of a laterally movable test piece holder and a rotatable cylinder to which the abra
45、sive sheet (5.2) is fixed. The cylinder shall have a diameter of 150 mm 0,2 mm and a length of about 500 mm and shall be rotated at a speed of 40 r/min 1 r/min, the direction of rotation being as indicated in Figure 1. The test piece holder shall have a cylindrical opening, the diameter of which can
46、 be adjusted from 15,5 mm to 16,3 mm, and a device for adjusting the length of the test piece protruding from the opening to 2 mm 0,2 mm. The holder shall be mounted on a swivel arm that, in turn, is attached to a sledge that can be moved laterally on a spindle. The lateral displacement of the holde
47、r shall be 4,20 mm 0,04 mm per revolution of the drum (see Note 1). Suitable attachments may be provided to rotate the test piece during the test run by rotation of the test piece holder (method B), preferably at the rate of 1 revolution per 50 revolutions of the drum. NOTE 1 With this lateral movem
48、ent, the test piece passes over any one area of the abrasive sheet four times. The central axis of the holder shall have an inclination of 3 to the perpendicular in the direction of rotation (see Figure 1), and shall be placed directly above the longitudinal axis of the cylinder to within 1 mm. The
49、swivel arm and test piece holder shall be free from vibration during operation, and so disposed that the test piece is pressed against the drum with a vertical force of 10 N 0,2 N. For investigation of extremely soft or hard materials, the force may be changed to 5 N 0,1 N or 20 N 0,4 N respectively (see Note 2). The force is generated by adding masses to the top of the test piece holder. NOTE 2 A force of 5 N is typically used for rubbers softer than approximately 40 IRHD and a force of 20
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