1、March 2017 English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 85.060!%bVn“2635175www.din.deDIN IS
2、O 5630-6Paper and board Accelerated ageing Part 6: Exposure to atmospheric pollution (nitrogen dioxide) (ISO 56306:2009),English translation of DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-03Papier und Pappe Beschleunigte Alterung Teil 6: Einwirkung von atmosphrischen Verunreinigungen (Stickstoffdioxid) (ISO 56306:2009),Eng
3、lische bersetzung von DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-03Papier et carton Vieillissement acclr Partie 6: Exposition la pollution atmosphrique (dioxyde dazote) (ISO 56306:2009),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-03www.beuth.deDocument comprises 12 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt,
4、the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.02.17 Introduction 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 5 4 Principle. 6 5 Reagents 6 6 Apparatus 6 7 Sampling 7 8 Conditioning 7 9 Preparation of test specimens for ageing 8 10 Procedure 8 10.1 Ageing 8 10.2
5、 Testing of aged and unaged test specimens. 8 11 Calculation. 8 12 Test report . 8 Annex A (informative) Interpretation and limitations of ageing tests. 10 Annex B (informative) ASTM permission statement. 11 Bibliography . 12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword . N
6、ational Annex NA (informative) Bibliography . 33DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-032 National foreword This document (ISO 5630-6:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6/SC 2 “Test methods and quality specifications for paper and board” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The responsible German body invol
7、ved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Papier, Pappe und Faserstoff (DIN Standards Committee Paper, Board and Pulps), Working Committee NA 074-02-03 AA Physikalischtechnische Prfverfahren fr Papier und Pappe. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document ma
8、y be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. DIN ISO 5630 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paper and board Accelerated ageing: Part 1: Dry heat treatment at 105 C Part 3: Moist heat treatment at 80 C and 6
9、5 % relative humidity Part 4: Dry heat treatment at 120 or 150 C Part 5: Exposure to elevated temperature at 100 C Part 6: Exposure to atmospheric pollution (nitrogen dioxide) Part 7: Exposure to light NOTE ISO 5630-2, Paper and board Accelerated aging Part 2: Moist heat treatment at 90 C and 25 % r
10、elative humidity was withdrawn by ISO in 1992. Thus, there is no corresponding Part 2 as a DIN ISO Standard. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: ISO 186 DIN EN ISO 186 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 186, Pa
11、per and board Sampling to determine average quality DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-033 Introduction Exposure of paper or board to a hostile environment, such as some type of radiation, elevated temperature or chemical pollutant, over a period of hours, can provide information concerning the natural changes tha
12、t can occur in the material over a period of years. This test method for accelerated ageing by exposure of paper to an elevated concentration of nitrogen dioxide is based on the method developed by ASTM1following an extensive research program. In this program, 15 printing and writing papers were tes
13、ted, representing a wide variety of paper types (acid and alkaline, lignin-containing and lignin-free, and those with and without an alkaline reserve such as calcium carbonate). This method proved to be the one most relevant to judge the effects of atmospheric pollutant gases on the long-term mechan
14、ical strength and optical stability of such papers. To get a full understanding of the stability of the paper to long-term natural ageing effects, a combination of test methods for accelerated ageing is used. Paper and board Accelerated ageing Part 6: Exposure to atmospheric pollution (nitrogen diox
15、ide) DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-034 1 Scope This part of ISO 5630 specifies a method for accelerating the ageing of printing and writing papers through exposure to nitrogen dioxide gas and assessing the effect on mechanical and optical properties for the purpose of predicting stability to long-term natural
16、 ageing that occurs due to exposure to polluted air. It is applicable to all cellulose-based printing and writing papers, including coated papers and filled papers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
17、 only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
18、 monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples ISO 5626, Paper Determination of folding endurance ISO 5631-1, Paper and board Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (C/2) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms
19、 and definitions apply. 3.1 pollutant gas nitrogen dioxide gas 3.2 polluted air mixture of dry air and a volume fraction of 0,005 % 0,000 2 % of nitrogen dioxide DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-035 4 Principle Sheets of paper are aged at an accelerated rate by exposing them to polluted air comprising an elevate
20、d concentration of nitrogen dioxide gas. This air is circulated uniformly around the external surfaces of the paper in a controlled manner and for a specified period of time. The gas reacts chemically with the ingredients of the paper and causes changes in its physical strength and optical propertie
21、s. By comparing the fold number and the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate before and after ageing, a measure of the stability of paper strength and optical properties is obtained. 5 Reagents 5.1 Dry air, of high quality, purified, for control of the gas concentration in the ageing chamber
22、. 5.2 Nitrogen dioxide, of high quality, pure, obtained from an industrial supplier. WARNING Nitrogen dioxide is a highly toxic gas at the concentrations specified in this test method. Follow the manufacturers safety data sheets for the safety of personnel performing this test. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Gas d
23、elivery system, capable of delivering the required mixture (see 3.2) of nitrogen dioxide gas (5.2) and dry air (5.1) to the ageing chamber at the required rate. Recalibrate the nitrogen dioxide concentration and flow-monitoring instruments with sufficient frequency to ensure continual delivery of th
24、e required gas flow. 6.2 Ageing chamber, of a material resistant to corrosive gases, having a volume sufficient to contain the number of individual paper sheets required for testing (10.2) without them touching each other or the chamber walls, with length, depth and width roughly equal, having no wi
25、ndows and allowing a uniform flow of the polluted air to all surfaces of the paper sheets. NOTE In the ASTM study, a chamber volume of 0,6 m3was found to be adequate for exposing sheets approximately 210 mm 300 mm (see Reference 1 in the Bibliography). 6.3 Four fixed horizontal hangers and four remo
26、vable support bars, of a size which fully utilizes the ageing chamber (6.2) whilst preventing the paper from touching the chamber walls, and designed such that the removable bars can be easily moved in and out of the chamber. The support bars are located such that they prevent wrinkling of the paper
27、 sheets but do not impose a load on them. Figure 1 shows a paper sheet with holes in all four corners, supported by the removable bars. 6.4 Gas control system, that ensures precise flow of the polluted air (3.2) into the ageing chamber. The design of the apparatus shall be such that the gas concentr
28、ation entering or already in the ageing chamber can be monitored and recorded with appropriate equipment and instruments. NOTE A method for monitoring and recording the gas concentration is described in Paper aging ASTMs Paper Aging Research Report Program1. 6.5 System for controlling relative humid
29、ity and temperature, that measures and controls the relative humidity and temperature of the polluted air entering or already in the ageing chamber. DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-036 Key 1 front horizontal hangers 2 rear horizontal hangers 3 support bars (removable) 4 paper sheet Figure 1 Paper sheet mounted
30、in the ageing chamber 6.6 Exhaust system for polluted air, that permits the gas to be continuously removed. The design should be such that the amount removed each hour is equal to approximately 5 % of the volume in the chamber. This is to ensure that there is no build-up in the chamber of products o
31、f degradation emitted from the paper during the period of exposure. NOTE Safety systems are required in the workspace surrounding the ageing chamber to ensure that any gas that might escape from the system will be thoroughly and quickly removed from the workspace in a manner that is safe and environ
32、mentally sound. 7 Sampling Always handle the paper samples with clean cotton gloves. If the average quality of a lot is to be determined, sampling shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 186. If another type of sample is to be tested, make sure that the specimens taken are representative of the
33、sample received. Select sufficient sheets of adequate size for testing the fold number and colour of aged and unaged specimens (10.2). Randomize the specimens. 8 Conditioning Immediately prior to the ageing period, condition the specimens in the dark, including those which will not be aged, in accor
34、dance with ISO 187. The specimens that will not be aged shall be kept in the dark in the same standard atmosphere until their properties are tested. DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-037 9 Preparation of test specimens for ageing Carry out the preparation of the test specimens in the same atmosphere as that used
35、for conditioning (Clause 8). The test specimens shall be of a size suitable for hanging in the ageing chamber (6.2) without touching the chamber walls. If the specimens are too large, reduce them to a suitable size. Punch holes in all four corners of the test specimens which will be subjected to acc
36、elerated ageing, such that when mounted on the support bars no load is imposed on them and they are kept free of wrinkles. 10 Procedure 10.1 Ageing Insert the support bars through the test specimens and mount the support bars and test specimens on the horizontal hangers in the ageing chamber (6.2).
37、Suspend the test specimens such that no two specimens touch each other and none touches the ageing chamber walls. Expose the test specimens for 120 h 0,5 h to a flow of polluted air containing 0,005 % 0,000 2 % by volume of nitrogen dioxide (5.2) in dry air (5.1), brought to the same relative humidi
38、ty and temperature as that used for conditioning (Clause 8). The flow rate shall be such that the volume of polluted air passing through the ageing chamber per hour is equal to approximately 5 % of the volume of the chamber. Do not insert additional test specimens into the ageing chamber or remove t
39、est specimens from it during the period of exposure. The ageing chamber shall be kept in the same standard atmosphere as used for conditioning (Clause 8) for the whole exposure period. NOTE During the first hour, approximately, the gas concentration in the ageing chamber will be reaching equilibrium
40、. 10.2 Testing of aged and unaged test specimens Immediately after ageing, condition the aged test specimens in the dark in the same atmosphere as used for the initial conditioning (Clause 8), according to ISO 187, but omitting preconditioning. From the aged and unaged test specimens, cut test piece
41、s for testing the fold number and colour. Determine the fold number in the machine direction (MD) in accordance with ISO 5626 and the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate in accordance with ISO 5631-1, of both the aged and unaged test specimens. 11 Calculation Calculate the MD fold numbers a
42、nd the mean values of the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate according to the instructions in the relevant International Standard. Calculate the retention of the fold number, to the nearest percent, as follows: 21100FRF= (1) where R is the fold-number retention, as a percentage; F1is the f
43、old number (MD) before ageing; F2is the fold number (MD) after ageing. DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-038 Calculate the change in the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate, to three significant figures, as follows: 21(*) * *bbb= (2) where (b*) is the change in the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coord
44、inate; b*1is the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate before ageing; b*2is the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate after ageing. 12 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this part of ISO 5630; b) a reference to the International Stand
45、ards used for testing the changes in properties due to ageing, if different from those that appear in this part of ISO 5630; c) all information necessary for complete identification of the sample; d) the date and place of testing; e) the temperature and relative humidity of the atmosphere used to co
46、ndition and age the samples; f) the number of tests carried out, if different from that in the relevant International Standard; g) the fold numbers and the mean values of the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate of the aged and unaged samples the antilogarithms of the standard deviations of
47、the folding endurance and the standard deviations of the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate of the aged and unaged samples; h) the fold-number retention and the change in the b* CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space coordinate; i) any deviations from the International Standards used, and any circumstances and influence which might have affected the test results. DIN ISO 5630-6:2017-039 Annex A
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