1、August 2016 English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 01.040.65; 65.060.80!%YE/“2543412w
2、ww.din.deDIN ISO 6814Machinery for forestry Mobile and self-propelled machinery Terms, definitions and classification (ISO 6814:2009),English translation of DIN ISO 6814:2016-08Forstmaschinen Mobile und selbstfahrende Maschinen Begriffe und Klassifizierung (ISO 6814:2009),Englische bersetzung von DI
3、N ISO 6814:2016-08Matriel forestier Machines mobiles et automotrices Termes, dfinitions et classification (ISO 6814:2009),Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 6814:2016-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises 10 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be consi
4、dered authoritative.08.16 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword . 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Terms and definitions . 4 2.1 Site preparation, planting and maintenance operations . 4 2.2 Forest harvesting operations . 5 2.3 Forestry
5、machinery . 7 2.3.1 Single-function machines 7 2.3.2 Multi-function machines . 8 3 Classification guidelines . 8 3.1 Classification by general technical concept . 8 3.1.1 General 8 3.1.2 Mobility method . 9 3.1.3 Mode of operation 9 3.1.4 Harvesting system . 9 3.1.5 Type of steering . 9 3.2 Classifi
6、cation by function . 9 3.2.1 General 9 3.2.2 Fellers . 9 3.2.3 Log loaders . 9 3.2.4 Regeneration equipment . 9 3.2.5 Skidders 9 3.2.6 Slashers (bucker, crosscutter) . 10 3.2.7 Site preparation equipment 10 3.2.8 Feller-bunchers 10 3.2.9 Processors . 10 3.2.10 Harvesters 10 DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 2Nat
7、ional foreword This document (ISO 6814:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, (Secretariat: AFNOR, France), Subcommittee SC 15 “Machinery for forestry (Secretariat: SFS, Finland). The responsible German body involved in its pre
8、paration was DIN-Normenausschuss Kommunale Technik (DIN Standards Committee Municipal Services), Working Committee NA 051-03-05 AA Forstmaschinen. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/or DKE shall not be held re
9、sponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. It is intended to also adopt the following ISO Standards as German national standards: ISO 8084, Machinery for forestry Operator protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 13860, Machinery for forestry Forwarders T
10、erms, definitions and commercial specifications National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 8082-1, Self-propelled machinery for forestry Laboratory tests and performance requirements for roll-over protective structures Part 1 General machines DIN ISO 8082-2, Self-propelled machinery for fo
11、restry Laboratory tests and performance requirements for roll-over protective structures Part 2 Machines having a rotating platform with a cab and boom on the platform DIN ISO 8083, Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements DIN I
12、SO 11169, Machinery for forestry Wheeled special machines Vocabulary, performance test methods and criteria for brake systems DIN ISO 11512, Machinery for forestry Tracked special machines Performance criteria for brake systems DIN ISO 13861, Machinery for forestry Wheeled skidders Terms, definition
13、s and commercial specifications DIN ISO 13862, Machinery for forestry Feller-bunchers Terms, definitions and commercial specifications DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 3Machinery for forestry Mobile and self-propelled machinery Terms, definitions and classification 1 Scope This International Standard defines te
14、rms corresponding to, and gives guidance for the classification of, mobile and self-propelled machinery used in forestry and related operations. Both the definitions and the classification have been determined according to the end use of the machines as intended by the manufacturer. The terms and de
15、finitions do not cover all possible forestry and related operations or machinery, nor do they describe specific machines, but are given as an aid to nomenclature. This International Standard is applicable to machines designed for use in forestry for site preparation, planting, harvesting, processing
16、, and the transport of wood and wood fibre. It is not applicable to machines designed to be used exclusively in sawmills or wood yards, to on-highway transport vehicles, or to aerial vehicles. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 S
17、ite preparation, planting and maintenance operations 2.1.1 ground preparation bedding preparation of the soil surface to provide a location for planting 2.1.2 chopping breaking down material into shorter pieces 2.1.3 cleaning selective removal of unwanted shrubs and trees without use of the wood 2.1
18、.4 clearing removing unwanted residues (logging waste), shrubs, trees and stumps 2.1.5 grubbing removing trees and stumps from an area by severing below the ground surface, lifting, and pushing into piles 2.1.6 mulching reduction of trees, brush or parts of trees on site with a grinding or shredding
19、 action, leaving the resulting material on the forest floor DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 42.1.7 planting putting trees or seedlings into the ground at their growing positions 2.1.8 ploughing shearing and turning mineral soil with a linear motion 2.1.9 pruning removal of live or dead branches or of multiple
20、leaders of shoots from standing trees 2.1.10 raking moving loose material using a toothed or comb-like device 2.1.11 scarifying preparing the ground surface for planting or regeneration by lightly cultivating the surface 2.2 Forest harvesting operations 2.2.1 bunching gathering and arranging trees o
21、r parts of trees in bunches 2.2.2 bundling baling collecting trees or parts of trees and compressing and binding them into a denser form 2.2.3 cable yarding transporting trees or parts of trees by means of a cable system partially or fully elevated above the forest floor 2.2.4 chipping breaking down
22、/slicing trees into small pieces of specified dimensions 2.2.5 crushing reduction of trees or parts of trees by compression or impacting 2.2.6 debarking removing bark from trees or parts of trees 2.2.7 delimbing removing branches from trees or parts of trees 2.2.8 felling severing trees from the stu
23、mp 2.2.9 forwarding transporting trees or parts of trees by carrying them DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 52.2.10 grinding reduction of trees, brush or parts of trees by tearing, shredding, impacting or shearing to a uniform particle size 2.2.11 harvesting felling combined with other processing functions 2.2.1
24、2 loading picking up trees or parts of trees from the ground, or from a vehicle, and piling them on a vehicle 2.2.13 stacking depositing trees or parts of trees in orderly piles 2.2.14 processing function or combination of functions other than felling that change the form of the material 2.2.15 skid
25、ding transporting trees or parts of trees by trailing or dragging 2.2.16 cross-cutting cutting felled or uprooted trees or parts of trees into lengths 2.2.16.1 slashing cross-cutting to approximate lengths 2.2.16.2 bucking cross-cutting to measured lengths 2.2.17 sorting separating trees or parts of
26、 trees into groups based on particular attributes 2.2.18 splitting dividing trees or parts of trees longitudinally into pieces 2.2.19 thinning selective felling in immature stands to promote the growth or condition of the remaining trees 2.2.20 topping cutting off the tops of trees at a predetermine
27、d point 2.2.21 uprooting removal of trees, complete with root ball, by severing or breaking roots below the soil surface DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 62.3 Forestry machinery 2.3.1 Single-function machines 2.3.1.1 bundler machine designed to collect trees or parts of trees, compact the collected material and
28、 bind it together to create a denser collection of material 2.3.1.2 cable yarder machine designed to provide the power to transport trees or parts of trees by means of a cable system, usually with the use of a tower that may be integral to the machine or a separate structure 2.3.1.3 chipper machine
29、designed to chip whole trees or parts of trees 2.3.1.4 cleaner machine designed to selectively remove unwanted shrubs and trees 2.3.1.5 crusher machine designed to reduce trees or parts of trees by rolling or impacting 2.3.1.6 debarker machine designed to remove the bark from trees or parts of trees
30、 2.3.1.7 delimber machine designed to remove limbs from trees or parts of trees 2.3.1.8 feller self-propelled machine designed to fell standing trees 2.3.1.9 forwarder self-propelled machine designed to move trees or parts of trees by carrying them 2.3.1.10 grinder self-propelled or portable machine
31、 designed to reduce trees, brush or parts of trees by tearing, shredding, impacting or shearing to a uniform particle size 2.3.1.11 log loader machine designed to pick up and discharge trees or parts of trees for the purpose of stacking or loading 2.3.1.12 mulcher self-propelled machine designed for
32、 on-site reduction of standing or downed trees, brush, or parts of trees through a grinding or shredding action into coarse residue that is left on the forest floor 2.3.1.13 regeneration equipment machines used in reforestation DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 72.3.1.14 site preparation equipment machines used
33、to prepare forest sites for planting or seeding 2.3.1.15 skidder self-propelled machine designed to transport trees or parts of trees by trailing or dragging 2.3.1.16 slasher machine designed to cut felled trees into separate parts without measurement for length 2.3.2 Multi-function machines 2.3.2.1
34、 delimber-buncher machine designed to delimb trees and arrange logs in bunches 2.3.2.2 feller-buncher self-propelled machine designed to fell standing trees and arrange them in bunches 2.3.2.3 feller-forwarder self-propelled, self-loading machine designed to fell standing trees and transport them by
35、 carrying 2.3.2.4 feller-skidder self-propelled, self-loading machine designed to fell standing trees and transport them by skidding 2.3.2.5 harvester self-propelled machine that combines felling with other processing functions 2.3.2.6 harwarder self-propelled machine that combines felling with othe
36、r processing functions and forwarding 2.3.2.7 processor machine that does not fell trees but which performs two or more subsequent functions that change the form of the material 3 Classification guidelines 3.1 Classification by general technical concept 3.1.1 General The following common criteria sh
37、ould be used to classify forestry machines, each according to its general technical concept. The examples given do not include all possible classifications of machines. Only those subclassifications necessary for identifying machines in their context of use need be listed, e.g. wheeled grapple skidd
38、er or tracked swing-to-load knuckleboom log loader. DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 83.1.2 Mobility method Classification may be by type of system for providing motion, which might or might not be self-propelled. EXAMPLE Tracked system, wheeled system, towed system. 3.1.3 Mode of operation Classification may b
39、e by the basic concept used to perform the function. EXAMPLE Grapple, single-grip, shear, swing-to-load. 3.1.4 Harvesting system Classification may be by the type of harvesting system for which the machine is designed. EXAMPLE Shortwood, tree-length, whole-tree, chips. 3.1.5 Type of steering Classif
40、ication may be by the type of system used to steer the machine. EXAMPLE Front- or rear-steer axle, articulated frame, skid. 3.2 Classification by function 3.2.1 General The following criteria should be used to classify forestry machines according to their machine-specific functions or by the combina
41、tions of functions that they perform (e.g. skidder). Further classification could be required in order to differentiate between machines with basic conceptual differences that affect recognition or performance but which perform the same basic function(s) (e.g. cable skidder, grapple skidder). 3.2.2
42、Fellers Fellers should be classified according to their cutting means. EXAMPLE Shear feller, chain-saw feller, circular saw feller. 3.2.3 Log loaders Log loaders should be classified according to their system of loading and configuration. EXAMPLE Knuckleboom loader, cable loader, front end loader. 3
43、.2.4 Regeneration equipment Regeneration equipment should be classified according to its mode of operation. EXAMPLE Hand planting equipment, machine planting equipment, direct seeding equipment. 3.2.5 Skidders Skidders should be classified according to their skidding/tree holding system. EXAMPLE Cab
44、le skidder, grapple skidder, clam bunk skidder. DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 93.2.6 Slashers (bucker, crosscutter) Slashers should be classified according to their cutting means. EXAMPLE Shear slasher, chain-saw slasher, circular saw slasher. 3.2.7 Site preparation equipment Site preparation equipment shoul
45、d be classified according to its own type of equipment. EXAMPLE Scarifiers, rippers, brushland disks, forest ploughs, trenchers, mounders, bedding harrows. 3.2.8 Feller-bunchers Feller-bunchers should be classified according to their manner of approaching the tree. EXAMPLE Travel-to-tree, swing-to-t
46、ree. 3.2.9 Processors Processors should be classified according to the type and sequence of operations they perform. EXAMPLE Delimber-debarker, delimber-debarker-chipper, delimber-slasher (bucker, crosscutter), delimber-slasher (bucker, crosscutter)-buncher. 3.2.10 Harvesters 3.2.10.1 Basic concept
47、Harvesters should be classified according to the basic concepts used for handling the tree for felling and processing. EXAMPLE One-grip (single-grip) harvester, two-grip harvester. 3.2.10.2 Combination of felling and other functions Harvesters should be classified by the combination of felling and other functions they perform. EXAMPLE Feller-chipper, feller-delimber, feller-delimber-buncher, feller-delimber-slasher-buncher, feller-delimber-bucker-forwarder. DIN ISO 6814:2016-08 10
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