ECA TEP194-1986 Considerations Used in Establishing the X-Radiation Ratings of Monochrome and Color Direct-View Television Picture and Data Display Tubes (Includes Amendment 1 10 1.pdf

1、i* . s- - EIA TEP194 8b m 323qbOO 0008558 3 m ,- / SEPTEMBER 1988 Amendment 2 TEPAC PUBLICATION NO. 194 This Amendment includes amendment 1 dated October 1987,and forms a part of TEPAC Publication No. 194, “Considerations Used in Establishing the X-Radiation Ratings of Monochome and Color Direct-Vie

2、w Television Picture and Data Display Tubes“, published July 1986. The following changes are made: Pg. 5 IV.1(1) Disregard the Data Display standard currents. The current levels are microamperes not amperes. Pg. 5 IV.1(2) (X) should read (x). Pg, 5 IV.1(3) X+3 should read X+3 and enclosed within the

3、 parenthesis should be (x+3s) . Pg. 6 IV.1(4) (X+3) should read (x+3s). Pg. 20 Equation (2) Weight fraction should read mass fraction . The following pages are added: Pg. 97.1 XM-43 and XM-44 curves. Pg. 153-158 XC-81 through XC-86 curves. Pg. 159-164 XC-87 through XC-92 curves* * Added by Amendment

4、 2 EIA TEP194 Bb m 3234600 0008559 5 I - .1 I OCTOBER 1987 Amendment 1 PEPAC PUBLICATION HO- 194 This Amendment forms a part of TEPAC Publ.ication No. 194,“Considerations Used in Establishing the X-Radiation Ratings of Monochrome and Color Direct-View Television Picture and Data Display Tubes,“ publ

5、ished July 1986, The following changes are made: Pg. 5 IV01 (i) Disregard the Data Display standard currents. The current levels are microamperes not amperes Pg. 5 IV.1(2) (X) should read (x) Pg. 5 IV. 1 (3) Pg. 6 IV.1(4) (X+3) should read (X+3s). Pg. 20 Equation (2) Weight fraction should read mass

6、 fraction. X+3 should read x+3 and-enclosed within the parenthesis should be (X+3s). - - The following pages are added: Pg. 97.1 - XM-43 and XM-44 curves. Pg. 153-159 XM-81 through XM-87 curves. r EIA TEP174 Ab m 3234600 0008560 L m 3 JULY 1986 TEPAC PU BLICATION NO. 194 CONSIDERATIONS USED IN ESTAB

7、LISHING THE X-RADIATION RATINGS OF MONOCHROME AND COLOR DIRECT-VIEW TELEVISION PICTURE AND DATA DISPLAY TURES FORMULATED BY EIA TUBE ENGINEERING PANEL ADVISORY COUNCIL IA PUBLICATfON NO. 19 4 EIA TEP174 6 3234600 0008561 3 NOTICE . 1 EIA Engineering Standards and Publications are. designed to serve

8、the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standar

9、ds and Pub- lications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of EIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than EIA members, w

10、hether the standard is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended Standards and Publications are adopted by EIA without regard to whether or not their adoption may involve patents on articles, materials, or processes. By such action, EIA des not assume any liability to any patent

11、 owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Recom- mended Standard or Publication. Prepared under the cognizance of the ETA JT-32 Committee on Electron Tube Caf ety . Published by ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION . Engineering Department 2001 Eye Street, N.W. Washingt

12、on, D.C. 20006 PRICE: $37 .O0 Published in U.S.A. T B - EIA TEP174 b m 3234600 0008562 5 m TEP-194 PREFACE Proper operation of picture tubes in television service requires that the tube manufacturer provide ratings for the maximum level of X-radiation which may be anticipated when the tube is in use

13、. ratings has been developed by the tube manufacturers involving limit curves that may be used by TV receiver manufacturers to assure compliance with Over the years a system of X-radiation icable regulations. This document describes the practices followed under aPP the and the The TEPAC (formerly JE

14、DEC) Type Registration System for X-radiation ratings relates them to the appropriate registered glassware and to the data for finished tube. Tube Engineering Panel Advisory Council (TEPAC) is sponsored by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Tube Division. This material was originally develo

15、ped by the X-Radiation Task Group of JEDEC Committee JT-6 on Cathode Ray Tubes and was formally approved by JEDEC as Publication 94 in 1975. All USA picture tube manufacturers and their glass suppliers participated in the development of this work. TEPAC Committee JT-32 on Electron Tube Safety and co

16、ntinues to have the respnsibility for this publication. described herein as used by the JEDEC JT-6 X-Radiation Task Force are equally applicable to the TEPAC JT-32 Committee. In 1977 this task group was expanded to become The limit curve development techniques O The US Federal Standard for X-radiati

17、on from television receivers, under Public Law 90-602 “Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968“, establishes the maximum permissible radiation level for the complete receiver. To assure compl i ance with the receiver standards , tube manufacturers, through TEPAC, have established appropr

18、iate controls and test methods for the tubes as a receiver component. Since the picture tube, when operating, is a source of X-radiation in a TV receiver TEPAC has established suitable controls of the gl assware, type designations , tube ratings and test methods. deals with all the above except the

19、test methods. This edition combines and expands upon the contents of TEPAC Publication No. 94 (formerly JEDEC Publication No, 94) and its related addenda. Standard ANSI/EIA-503-1983, “Recommended Practice for the Measurement of X-Radiation From Direct-View Televi cion Picture Tubes ,II and ANSI/EIA-

20、501-1983 , “Recommended Practice for Measurement of X-Radi ati on From Raster Scanned Di rect-Vi ew Data Di splay Cathode-Ray Tubes. II Thi s Pub1 i cati on The test methods are described in Recommended O i- ( -./ -i EIA TEP194 86 3234600 0008563 7 I. II. O III. IV. V. VI. VII. 7 TEP-194 TABLE OF CO

21、NTENTS Introduction Evolution of JEDEC Publication No. 64 and Subsequent Revi si ons Data Curves 1. X-Radi ati on Curve 2. Isoexposure-Rate Curve 2 3 3 4 TEPAC (JEDEC) Limit Curves 5 1. TEPAC X-Radiation Limit Curves 5 2. TEPAC Isoexposure-Rate Limit Curve 7 3. Application and Limitation of TEPAC Li

22、mit Curves 8 4. Anode Connector Shi eldi ng 10 , Calculation of Glass Absorption 20 Supplemental Information 22 1. Vintage Identification for USA Manufactured TV Bulbs a. Glass Code vs. Color TV Bulb Vintage - USA Manufacture b. Molded Vintage Identification 1. Pre-1970 Monochrome Picture Tubes 29 2

23、. 1970 - 19Monochrome Picture Tubes 33 3. Pre-1970 Color Picture Tubes 35 4. 1970-1973 Color Picture Tubes 37 5. 1973 - 19Color Picture Tubes 42 c. Glass Manufacturer Identification Logos 52 25 . 2. Tabulation by Vintage of Picture Tube X-Radiation Characteristics. a. Pre-1959 Monochrome Picture Tub

24、es 26 b. 1959-1965 Monochrome Picture Tubes 27 c. 1966-1969 Monochrome Picture Tubes 28 d. 1970 - 19 Monochrome Picture Tubes 30 e. . Pre-1970 Color Picture Tubes 34 f. 1970-1973 Color Picture Tubes 36 g. 1973 - 19 Color Picture Tubes 41 3. Index of USA Manufactured JEDEC Tube Types and X-Radi ation

25、 Characteristics. a. Monochrome Picture Tubes . 53 b. Colar Picture Tubes (Previous designation sys) 62 c. Color Picture Tubes (Worldwide System) 72 4, JEDEC X-Radi ati on Characteri sti cs Limit Curves a. Monochrome Picture Tubes (XM) Appendix I b. Color Picture Tubes (XC) Appendix II References 23

26、 ii EIA TEP194 86 m 3234600 O008564 9 m CONSIDERATIONS USED IN ESTABLISHING THE X-RADIATION RATINGS OF MONOCHROME AND COLOR DIRECT-VIEW TELEVISION PICTURE AND DATA DISPLAY TUBES I. INTRODUCTION Since the advent of commercial television, the picture tube operating anode voltage in TV receivers has be

27、en increased from time to time, requiring that more and more X-radiation shielding be provided by the glass envelope of the picture tubes. These periodic changes are delineated by the grouping of JEDEC X-Radiation Limit Curves for monochrome TV picture tubes according to the time periods when tubes

28、were produced from glass manufactured, (1) prior to 1959, (2) between 1959 and 1965, (3) between 1966 and 1969, and (4) beginning in 1970. TV picture tubes are grouped according to the time periods when tubes were produced from glass manufactured, (i) prior to 1970, (2) between 1970 and Similarly, t

29、he JEDEC X-Radiation Characteristic Limit Curves for color 1973, and (3) beginning in 1973. Prior to 1970, the glass envelopes used for TV picture tubes were designed to provide the required attenuation of X-radiation for the normal operating condition of TV receivers and the maximum ratings of the

30、picture tubes. Beginning in 1970, the attenuation was increased to assure that the X- radiation from TV receivers did not exceed the Federal Performance Standard(1) under abnormal or f ai 1 Ure mode operat i ng condi ti ons. Such abnormal condi ti ons often resulted in the picture tube being subject

31、ed to anode voltages which exceeded its maximum ratings. In order that the TV set designer could make maximum utilization of the JEDEC X-radiation Limit Curves, these curves were developed for anode voltages well in excess of the maximum anode voltage rating of the picture tubes. curves thus provide

32、d picture tube characteristics to the TY set designer for anode voltages nearer to those vol tage values actual ly encountered under f ai 1 Ure mode condi ti ons. The The JEDEC curves for tubes utilizing glass produced prior to 1970 were developed and published to provide a historical record of the

33、X-radiation characteristics of such tubes as they were originally designed and manufactured and to provide the necessary reference guidelines for developing information for the service industry with regard-to the use of replcement tube types. The X-radiation characteristics were not always included

34、in the defining data for tubes types registered with JEDEC prior to 1970. e - - - - EIA TEP194 Bb 3234b00 00085b5 O M r II. -2- a Therefore, when a substitution tube type was required as a replacement in a TV receiver it was not always obvious that the original X-radiation shielding was being mainta

35、ined. data, reliable picture tube replacement charts for use by the service industry can be published. NQW, by the use of these curves and JEDEC registration Evolution of JEDEC Publication 64 and Subsequent Revisions JEDEC Pub1 ication 64, IIRecommended Practice for Measurement from Display Cathode-

36、Ray Tubes“, was the first industry pub of X-R ad ation . ication escribing instrumentation, test conditions and a procedure for measurement of X- radiation from display cathode-ray tubes. Force on X-Radiation and issued by JEDEC in September, 1967. At about the same time a definition of %ormal“ oper

37、ating conditions for television receivers, as well as a list of instruments suitable for the measurement of X- radiation from television receivers, was published by the Electronic Industries Association. (293) It was prepared by the JT-6 Task The first revision, Publication 64A, IIRecommended Practi

38、ce for Measurement of X-Radiation from Direct-View Television Picture Tubes“, was issued in September, 1970, to conform with the detector characteristics specified in the Federal Performance Standard (1) and to limit the application to television picture tubes. Also, the hypothetical cabinet was mod

39、ified to more closely approximate a minimum dimension television receiver cabinet. The second revision, Publication 64B, was issued in August, 1972. Test conditions and procedures were modified to improve accuracy.by incorporating equi pment. advances in instrumentation and test Publication 64C, ctu

40、re tubes at h The third revision, for testing color p was issued in August, 1973, to provide gher anode voltages and currents. The fourth revision, Publication 640, was issued in November, 1974, to incorporate a test method for measuring X-radiation emitted through the anode contact. ._ EIA TEP194 8

41、6 3234b00 0008566 2 & -3 - The fifth revision, TEPAC Publication No. 164 was issued in February, 1981 to address uncertainties in tube operating parameter measurements, and to modify the hypothetical cabinet for smaller tubes sizes. O This revision became EIA Recommended Standard ANSI/EIA RS-503-198

42、3. III. Data Curves 1. X-Radi ati on Curve Measured values of X-ray emission are conveniently presented as a sem -log plot of exposure rate in milliroentgens per hour (mR/h) vs. anode vol age kilovolts (kV) at a constant value of anode current, as shown in Figure 1. n Such data curves are characteri

43、stically concave downward. curve shows very clearly the rapid rate of change of exposure rate with change of anode voltage, which for direct view picture and data display tubes typically is proportional to approximately the twentieth power of the anode The “X-radiation voltage. Anode Voltage (kV EIA

44、 TEP194 86 m 3234600 0008567 4 m -4- 2. Isoexposure-Rate Curve A very useful presentat on is the isoexposure-rate curve, in which anode voltage is plotted vs. (mR/h). advantage of the linear dependence at constant anode voltage of the exposure rate (mR/h) vs. anode current. shown in the linear-linea

45、r plot - Figure 2A. Subsequently a semilog plot was adopted, with anode voltage linear and anode current logarithmic, as shown in Figure 28, node current for a constant value of exposure rate This curve may be derived from the X-radiation curve, taking It is characteristically concave upward, as Not

46、e that the semilog curve also is concave. 200 400 600 800 ioo Anode Current (UA) e Hate Curve % i% Y a +, rl s a 9 100 200 400 600 1000 Anode Current (UA) EIA TEPL94 86 m 3234600 O088568 b m b -5- It has beenparticUlarly appropriate to select 0.5 mR/h as the constant value of exposure rate, for this

47、 has been either the guideline design value, or the legal limit of permitted exposure rate An advantage of his presentation is that for all combinations of voltage and current below the curve, the exposure rate for the particular tube measured is less than 0.5 mR/h, and for all combinations above th

48、e curve it is more than 0.5 mR/h. O As a matter of record, the isoexposure-rate curve (then known as isodose curve) was first used for TV in 1958 in a report (4) to the EIA Tube Division of the results of a survey of the X-ray emission from monochrome tubes. In a subsequent report (5) the isoexposur

49、e-rate curve was proposed as the basis for an X-radiation tube specification and it was suggested that JEDEC Committee JT-6 undertake the task, Subsequently, the JT-6 Task Force on X-Radiation was organized. It has developed methods of measurement and conducted industry correlation tests which have resulted in the establishment of X-radiation limit curves and isoexposure-rate limit curves for past and present monochrome and color television picture tubes. IV. TEPAC (JEDEC) Limit Curves 1. TEPAC X-Radiation Limit Curve . To determine a TEPAC X-radiation Limit Curve, JT-32