EN 1011-1-2009 en Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 1 General guidance for arc welding《焊接 金属材料焊接推荐 第1部分 电弧焊接的一般指南》.pdf

1、BS EN1011-1:2009ICS 25.160.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDWelding Recommendations forwelding of metallicmaterialsPart 1: General guidance for arcweldingThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCo

2、mmittee on 31 March2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58000 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1011-1:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1011-1:2009. Itsupersedes BS EN 1011-1:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparati

3、on was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee WEE/17, Metal-arc welding of steel.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct app

4、lication.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1011-1:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1011-1March 2009ICS 25.160.10 Supersedes EN 1011-1:1998 English VersionWelding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials -Part 1: Gene

5、ral guidance for arc weldingSoudage - Recommendations pour le soudage desmatriaux mtalliques - Partie 1 : Lignes directricesgnrales pour le soudage larcSchweien - Empfehlungen zum Schweien metallischerWerkstoffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitungen fr dasLichtbogenschweienThis European Standard was appr

6、oved by CEN on 10 January 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationals

7、tandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified

8、 to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Ne

9、therlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in

10、 any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1011-1:2009: EBS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principles 6 4.1 General 6 4.2 Fundamental information for fa

11、brication 6 4.3 Non-conformance and corrective actions .6 5 Requirements on welding production .6 5.1 Equipment and devices .6 5.2 Workplace .7 5.3 Personnel 7 5.4 Welding processes 7 5.5 Sub-contracting .7 6 Parent metals and welding consumables .8 6.1 Storage and handling 8 6.2 Material certificat

12、es .8 7 Planning 8 7.1 Information on drawings .8 7.2 Assembly for welding 8 7.3 Run-on and run-off plates .8 7.4 Temporary attachments 9 7.5 Fabrication and inspection feasibility .9 7.6 Welding procedure specification .9 7.7 Weld sequence .9 8 Welding fabrication9 8.1 Welding instructions .9 8.2 J

13、oint preparation and surface cleaning 9 8.3 Preheating . 10 8.4 Arc strikes . 10 8.5 Tack welds . 10 8.6 Weld run sequence . 10 8.7 Heat input 10 8.8 Protection against oxidation . 12 8.9 Weld imperfections . 12 8.10 Traceability 12 9 Elimination of distortion or inherent stresses . 13 10 Post-weld

14、heat treatment . 13 11 Surface cleaning and treatment 13 12 Inspection and documentation 13 Bibliography . 14 BS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1011-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This Eur

15、opean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th

16、e elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1011-1:1998 EN 1011 consists of the following parts, under the general title Welding Recommendations for weldin

17、g of metallic materials: Part 1: General guidance for arc welding Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels Part 3: Arc welding of stainless steels Part 4: Arc welding of aluminium and aluminium alloys Part 5: Welding of clad steel Part 6: Laser beam welding Part 7: Electron beam welding Part 8: Weldin

18、g of cast irons According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

19、Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 4 Introduction EN 1011 is issued in several parts in order that it may cover the different

20、types of weldable metallic materials and specific welding processes. This part of EN 1011 deals with the production and control of arc welding of metallic materials and is appropriate for all types of fabrication. Specific materials advice is covered by parts 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8. Parts 6 and 7 refer to

21、 laser and electron beam welding and each cover a range of materials. Permissible design stresses in welds, methods of testing and acceptance levels are not included because they depend on the service conditions of the fabrication. These details may be obtained from the relevant application standard

22、 or design specification. It has been assumed in the drafting of this standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified, trained and experienced personnel. 1 Scope This European Standard contains general guidance for the arc welding of metallic materials in all fo

23、rms of product (e.g. cast, wrought, extruded, forged). The processes and techniques referred to in this Part of EN 1011 may not all be relevant to all materials. Additional information relevant to specific materials is given in the relevant Parts of the Standard. 2 Normative references The following

24、 referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 1:

25、 Steels EN 473, Non destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel General principles EN 1011-2, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels EN 1011-3, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 3: Arc wel

26、ding of stainless steels EN 1011-4, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 4: Arc welding of aluminium and aluminium alloys EN 1011-5, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 5: Welding of clad steel EN 1011-6, Welding Recommendations for welding of met

27、allic materials Part 6: Laser beam welding EN 1011-7, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 7: Electron beam welding BS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 5 EN 1011-8, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 8: Welding of cast irons EN 1418, Welding pers

28、onnel Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials EN 22553, Welded, brazed and soldered joints Symbolic representation on drawings (ISO 2553:1992) EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes Nomen

29、clature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063:1998) EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys (ISO 9606-2:2004) EN ISO 9606-3, Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 3: Copper and copper alloys (ISO 9606-3:1999) EN ISO 9606-4,

30、Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 4: Nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 9606-4:1999) EN ISO 9606-5, Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 5: Titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys (ISO 9606-5:2000) EN ISO 9692 (all parts), Welding and allied processes Recomme

31、ndations for joint preparation EN ISO 14175, Welding consumables Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes (ISO 14175:2008) EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials General rules (ISO 15607:2003) EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and

32、 qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2004) EN ISO 15609-3, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 3: Electron beam welding (ISO 15609-3:2

33、004) EN ISO 15609-4, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4:2004) EN ISO 17662, Welding Calibration, verification and validation of equipment used for welding, including ancillary activities

34、 (ISO 17662:2005) CEN/TR 14599:2005, Terms and definitions for welding purposes in relation with EN 1792 IEC/TS 62081, Arc welding equipment Installation and use 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TR 14599:2005 and the following apply. 3

35、.1 thermal efficiency k ratio of heat energy introduced into the weld to the electrical energy consumed by the arc BS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 6 4 Principles 4.1 General If the manufacturer is recommended to use a control system, the requirement should be in accordance with the appropriate p

36、art of EN ISO 3834. 4.2 Fundamental information for fabrication Before the start of fabrication, the customer shall inform the manufacturer of all the information, which is important to the manufacturing process, the operational loading and the envisaged service life of the end product. If no qualit

37、y requirements are defined, the limiting values for imperfections shall be as stated in the relevant specification. Such information should comprise, for example: 1) Application standard and any additional requirements such as technical rules, guidelines, and statutory requirements. 2) Any specific

38、requirements for welding production, testing and heat treatment. 3) Production (detail) drawings with information relating to dimensions and weld forms, if documents from the manufacturer are not viewed as adequate by the customer or regulatory authority. 4) Qualification requirements for welding, w

39、elding related and NDE personnel 5) Methods of welding and testing. 6) Requirements relating to the selection, identification and traceability of material and personnel, if required. 7) Requirements on machining and surface finish. 4.3 Non-conformance and corrective actions Where applicable, the met

40、hod and extent of recording non-conformance has to be specified. Before the start of fabrication, the procedure and the methods for rectifying deficiencies, for compensating for distortion and for correcting weld defects are to be defined. 5 Requirements on welding production 5.1 Equipment and devic

41、es The manufacturer shall have adequate equipment and resources for meeting the requirements of the contract. All the welding related equipment shall be matched to the respective welding process, the working task and the design of the final product. All electrical equipment which is used in connecti

42、on with the welding operation shall be installed and used in accordance with IEC/TS 62081 and local regulations. Devices for measuring the welding parameters, such as arc voltage, welding current, wire feed rate, travel speed and shielding/purging gas flow rates, and also for monitoring the preheat

43、and interpass temperatures, shall be available either as part of the welding apparatus or by providing portable equipment. Such equipment shall be calibrated, verified or validated in accordance with EN ISO 17662 where relevant. BS EN 1011-1:2009EN 1011-1:2009 (E) 7 5.2 Workplace The workplace shall

44、 be efficiently protected against the detrimental effects of weather, for example wind, rain, snow and draught, in order not to generate weld defects beyond the acceptance levels specified in the contract. 5.3 Personnel The welding personnel comprises welders, operators and welding coordinators. The

45、y shall be employees of the company or shall be contractually bound and shall have the necessary prerequisites from a technical and personal point of view for the job area. Above all, they shall have sufficient knowledge and practical experience in the area of welding and the materials to be process

46、ed. They shall be authorized to ensure the quality requirements are met. Tasks and responsibilities of the welding coordinators shall be specified, see for example EN ISO 14731. Welders shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of EN 287-1 or the appropriate part of EN ISO 9606, unless oth

47、erwise specified, and shall hold valid test certificates. Welding operators shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of EN 1418, unless otherwise specified, and shall hold valid test certificates. If inspection is required, the inspection personnel shall be qualified in accordance with EN

48、 473, unless otherwise specified. 5.4 Welding processes This standard covers welds made by one of the following welding processes to EN ISO 4063 or by a combination of these processes: 111 Manual metal-arc welding with covered electrode; 114 Self-shielded tubular cored arc welding; 12 Submerged arc

49、welding; 131 Metal inert gas welding; MIG welding; 135 Metal active gas welding; MAG welding; 136 Tubular -cored metal-arc welding with active gas shield; 137 Tubular -cored metal-arc welding with inert gas shield; 141 Tungsten inert gas welding; TIG welding; 15 Plasma arc welding. 5.5 Sub-contracting The manufacturer can contract other companies to carry out the fabrication or partial jobs, such as the heat treatment or testing. These companies shall be adequately qualified and be able t