EN 1012-1-2010 en Compressors and vacuum pumps - Safety requirements - Part 1 Air compressors《压缩机和真空泵 安全要求 第1部分 空气压缩机》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1012-1:2010Compressors and vacuumpumps Safety requirementsPart 1: Air compressorsBS EN 1012-1:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implemen

2、tation of EN 1012-1:2010.It supersedes BS 6244:1982 and BS EN 1012-1:1997 which arewithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/8/-/1, Compressors - Safety.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.Th

3、is publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 56117 7 ICS 23.080; 23.140; 23.160 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was

4、 published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2010. Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 1012-1:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1012-1 September 2010 ICS 23.080; 23.140; 23.160 Supersedes EN 1012-1:

5、1996English Version Compressors and vacuum pumps - Safety requirements - Part 1: Air compressors Compresseurs et pompes vide - Prescriptions de scurit - Partie 1 : Compresseurs dair Kompressoren und Vakuumpumpen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Kompressoren This European Standard was approved by

6、 CEN on 30 July 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standard

7、s may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to t

8、he CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Ma

9、lta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exp

10、loitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1012-1:2010: EBS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .73.1 General terms .73.2 Specific terms 84 List of sign

11、ificant hazards Hazard analysis and risk assessment .85 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 105.1 General . 105.2 Mechanical safety . 115.3 Electrical safety. 135.4 Control systems 135.5 Thermal safety . 155.6 Noise 155.7 Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted . 155.8 Fir

12、e and explosion 165.9 Ergonomic principles . 175.10 Breaking down of machinery parts and other functional disorders . 185.11 Pressure relief fragmentation . 195.12 Information and warning devices 206 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures 216.1 Pressure testing 216.2 Noise 21

13、6.3 Stability of portable compressor units . 216.4 Structure of verification . 227 Information for use . 247.1 General requirements . 247.2 Accompanying documents (in particular, instruction handbook) . 257.3 Specific types of compressors 277.4 Service instructions . 287.5 Markings, signs and writte

14、n warnings 297.6 Noise 317.7 Dismantling . 31Annex A (informative) Labels, signs and tags 32Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC Safety of machinery 37Bibliography . 38BS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:2010 (E) 3 Forewo

15、rd This document (EN 1012-1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 232 “Compressors, vacuum pumps and their systems”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endo

16、rsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for iden

17、tifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1012-1:1996. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(

18、s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. The responsibility of CEN/TC 232 includes coordination of safety standards with CEN/TC 182, “Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements“, and CEN/TC 234, “Gas infrastructure“. This document is in three parts:

19、 Part 1: Air compressors; Part 2: Vacuum pumps; Part 3: Process compressors. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,

20、Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This d

21、ocument is a type C standard as stated in the introduction to EN ISO 12100-1. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are s

22、tated in type A and B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. This standard when published in 1996 applied to all types of compress

23、ors. The standard has now been divided into three parts with this part addressing compressors for compressed air, nitrogen and inert gases, a second part addressing vacuum pumps and a third part addressing compressors for process gases. It was considered a practical move so that if there were provis

24、ions that were laid down for compressors covered by CEN/TC 12 or ISO/TC 67, then any revision or amendments could be done to the process compressor part without affecting the provisions laid down for air compressors covered by this part of EN 1012. Standards dealing with non-safety aspects of compre

25、ssor units are: EN 61000-6-4 and EN 61000-6-2 for stationary compressor units; EN 13309 for skid-mounted and mobile compressor units on electromagnetic compatibility. BS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This part of EN 1012 is applicable to compressors and compressor units having an operat

26、ing pressure greater than 0,5 bar and designed to compress air, nitrogen or inert gases. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of compressors and compressor units, when

27、they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This part of EN 1012 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise: the compressor; a drive system; any component or device which is necessar

28、y for operation. This part also covers the general requirements relating to process gas compressors; for specific requirements see prEN 1012-3 which applies. This part covers compressors driven by any power media, including battery powered and which are fitted in or used with motor vehicles. This pa

29、rt of EN 1012 does not cover requirements for compressors used in potentially explosive atmospheres. This part of EN 1012 is not applicable to compressors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indi

30、spensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 547-1, Safety of machinery Human body measurements Part 1: Principles for determining the

31、 dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers EN 837-2, Pressure gauges Part 2: Selection

32、and installation recommendations for pressure gauges EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery Guards General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 982:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics E

33、N 983:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Pneumatics EN 1005-2, Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery EN 12021, Respiratory protective devices Compressed air f

34、or breathing apparatus EN 13445-5:2009, Unfired pressure vessels Part 5: Inspection and testing EN 13445-6, Unfired pressure vessels Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron BS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:20

35、10 (E) 6 EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. and not exce

36、eding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11:2000) EN 61310-2:2008, Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Requirements for marking (IEC 61310-2:2007) EN ISO 2151:2008, Acoustics Noise test code for compressors and vacuum pumps Engineering Method (Grade 2) (ISO 2151:2004) EN ISO 4126-1, Safety devices f

37、or protection against excessive pressure Part 1: Safety valves (ISO 4126-1:2004) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for d

38、esign Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for the assessment of human responses t

39、o contact with surfaces Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13732-3, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces Part 3: Cold surfaces (ISO 13732-3:2005) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of contr

40、ol systems Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN

41、ISO 14121-1, Safety of machinery Risk assessment Part 1: Principles (ISO 14121-1:2007) EN ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery Permanent means of acces

42、s to machinery Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001) EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001) EN ISO 14122-4, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 4: Fixed

43、ladders (ISO 14122-4:2004) EN ISO 14163, Acoustics Guidelines for noise control by silencers (ISO 14163:1998) EN ISO 15667, Acoustics Guidelines for noise control by enclosures and cabins (ISO 15667:2000) ISO 3857-1:1977, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 3857-

44、2:1977, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines Vocabulary Part 2: Compressors BS EN 1012-1:2010EN 1012-1:2010 (E) 7 ISO 8573-1, Compressed air Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes ISO 8573-2, Compressed air Part 2: Test methods for oil aerosol content ISO 8573-3, Compressed air Part 3: Test me

45、thods for measurement of humidity ISO 8573-4, Compressed air Part4: Test methods for solid particle content IEC 60417 (2002-10), Graphical symbols for use on equipment1)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 apply. Terms and

46、definitions specifically needed for compressors are listed below and in ISO 3857-1:1977 and ISO 3857-2:1977. 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 compressor part of a compressor unit that compresses a gas or vapour media to a pressure higher than that at the inlet 3.1.2 compressor unit unit that comprises the co

47、mpressor, a drive system and any component or device which is necessary for operation 3.1.3 drive system system that consists of a prime mover and coupling mechanism NOTE 1 Prime mover may be an electric motor, steam engine (turbine), etc. NOTE 2 Coupling mechanism may be a drive belt, shaft, gears,

48、 etc. 3.1.4 inert gas chemically inactive gas which retains this characteristic even at elevated pressures 3.1.5 pressure pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, i.e. gauge pressure NOTE 1 In many cases, this is referred to as effective pressure. NOTE 2 The unit bar for pressure is used. 1 bar =

49、100 kPa. 3.1.6 liquid shock excessive force resulting from an attempt to compress incompressible media 3.1.7 maximum allowable pressure maximum pressure for which the compressor or compressor unit is designed, as specified by the manufacturer 1) IEC 60417 is available only as a database which can be a