EN 12183-2014 en Manual wheelchairs - Requirements and test methods《手动轮椅 要求和试验方法》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12183:2014Manual wheelchairs Requirements and testmethodsBS EN 12183:2014Incorporating corrigendum May 2014BS EN 12183:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12183:2014. It supersedes BS EN 12183:2009 which is withdra

2、wn.Since the drafting of this standard and its subsequent publication, it has come to the UK committees attention that the needs of children under 22 kg seated in a wheelchair during road transport are out of the scope of the documents referred to in this standard.The UK committee therefore wishes t

3、o bring the following important information to the attention of readers of this standard.When a child of mass less than 22 kg is to be transported in a road vehicle, it is recommended that they be transferred from their wheelchair to a UNECE Regulation 44 compliant child restraint system, which may

4、provide a more effective occupant restraint system than a vehicle mounted three-point lap and diagonal restraint system. There are child restraint systems available that include additional postural supports to assist in maintaining the position of the child when seated.The UK committee recognizes th

5、at parents or care providers may consider that the best option for their child is to remain in their wheelchair whilst in transport due to the level of posture control and comfort provided by the support surface of the wheelchair. A risk management process may be required, preferably carried out by

6、a multi-disciplined team including, such as, parent, carer and transport provider, supported by a clinical professional involved in the wheelchair prescription process.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee CH/173, Assistive products for persons with disability,

7、 to Subcommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 73875 3ICS 11.180.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot conf

8、er immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contr

9、act. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 86921 1ICS 11.180.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the aut

10、hority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 May 2014 Implementation of CEN correction notice 02 April 2014: Clause 14, Table 2, 2nd column, 5th row updatedBS EN 12183:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThi

11、s British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12183:2014. Itsupersedes BS EN 12183:2009 which is withdrawn.Since the drafting of this standard and its subsequent publication, ithas come to the UK committees attention that the needs of childrenunder 22 kg seated in a wheelchair during road transp

12、ort are out of thescope of the documents referred to in this standard.The UK committee therefore wishes to bring the following importantinformation to the attention of readers of this standard.When a child of mass less than 22 kg is to be transported in a roadvehicle, it is recommended that they be

13、transferred from theirwheelchair to a UNECE Regulation 44 compliant child restraint system,which may provide a more effective occupant restraint system than avehicle mounted three-point lap and diagonal restraint system. Thereare child restraint systems available that include additional posturalsupp

14、orts to assist in maintaining the position of the child when seated.The UK committee recognizes that parents or care providers mayconsider that the best option for their child is to remain in theirwheelchair whilst in transport due to the level of posture control andcomfort provided by the support s

15、urface of the wheelchair. A riskmanagement process may be required, preferably carried out by amulti-disciplined team including, such as, parent, carer and transportprovider, supported by a clinical professional involved in the wheelchairprescription process.The UK participation in its preparation w

16、as entrusted by TechnicalCommittee CH/173, Assistive products for persons with disability, toSubcommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can beobtained on request to its secretary. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limit

17、ed 2014ISBN 978 0 580 73875 3ICS 11.180.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affe

18、ctedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12183 March 2014 ICS 11.180.10 English Version Manual wheelchairs - Requirements and test methods Fauteuils roulants propulsion manuelle - Exigences et mthodes dessai Muskelkraftbetriebene Rollsthle - Anforderungen und Prfverfahren This Europe

19、an Standard was approved by CEN on 27 December 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references co

20、ncerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member

21、into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France

22、, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMI

23、TEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12183:2014 EEN 12183:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 Introduction .6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative ref

24、erences 7 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 Test apparatus .8 5 General requirements 9 6 Preparation for testing . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Test dummy . 10 7 Wheelchair performance 10 7.1 Static stability 10 7.1.1 Requirements 10 7.1.2 Test method . 10 7.2 Static, impact and fatigue strength . 10 7.2.1 Re

25、quirements 10 7.2.2 Test . 10 7.3 Tilting fatigue strength . 11 7.3.1 General . 11 7.3.2 Requirement 11 7.3.3 Test method . 11 7.4 Wheelchairs for use as seats in motor vehicles 12 7.5 Surface temperature . 12 8 Component properties . 12 8.1 Foot supports, lower leg support assemblies and arm suppor

26、ts . 12 8.1.1 Requirements 12 8.1.2 Test methods . 13 8.2 Component mass 13 8.3 Pneumatic tyres 14 8.4 Anterior pelvic support 14 8.5 Resistance to ignition 14 8.5.1 Upholstered composite parts 14 8.5.2 Foam materials 14 8.5.3 Other parts . 14 9 Propulsion and braking systems 14 9.1 Means for operat

27、ing brakes . 14 9.1.1 Requirement 14 9.1.2 Test method for determination of brake operating forces . 15 9.2 Braking functions . 16 9.2.1 Requirements 16 9.2.2 Test methods . 16 9.3 Pushing force 17 9.3.1 Requirements 17 9.3.2 Test . 17 EN 12183:2014 (E) 3 10 Operations 18 10.1 Operations intended to

28、 be carried out by the occupant and/or assistant . 18 10.2 Controls intended for operation by the occupant 18 10.3 Controls intended for operation by an assistant . 19 10.4 Push handles and handgrips . 19 10.4.1 Requirements . 19 10.4.2 Test method . 19 10.5 Operating forces 20 10.5.1 Requirements .

29、 20 10.5.2 Test . 20 10.6 Seating adjustments for tilt and recline systems 20 10.6.1 Requirements . 20 10.6.2 Test method . 21 11 Electrical systems Electrically powered ancillary equipment . 21 12 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 21 12.1 General . 21 12.2 Pre-sale information 21 12.3 User

30、 information 22 12.4 Service information . 23 12.5 Labelling . 23 13 Test report 24 14 Tables . 25 15 Figures 27 Annex A (informative) Recommendations for dimensions and manoeuvring space of manual wheelchairs 32 A.1 Specific dimensions 32 A.1.1 Dimensions when ready for use and when folded and/or d

31、ismantled 32 A.1.2 Push handle height . 32 A.1.3 Ground clearance 32 A.2 Manoeuvring space . 32 A.2.1 Turning diameter . 32 A.2.2 Pivot width . 32 Annex B (informative) Recommended design features 34 B.1 Introduction 34 B.2 General recommendations . 34 B.2.1 Fittings and tools . 34 B.2.2 Tyres . 34

32、B.2.3 Means to inflate tyres 34 B.2.4 Surface temperature 34 B.2.5 Occupant transfer into or out of the wheelchair 34 B.2.6 Resistance to contamination from urine incontinence . 35 B.2.7 Head support . 35 B.2.8 Tipping device . 35 B.2.9 Anti-tip devices 35 B.2.10 Accidental release of parking brakes

33、 35 B.2.11 Continuous operating forces . 35 Annex C (informative) EN 12183 and rail interoperability . 36 C.1 Background 36 BS EN 12183:2014EN 12183:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 Introduction .6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 Test apparatus .8 5 General require

34、ments 9 6 Preparation for testing . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Test dummy . 10 7 Wheelchair performance 10 7.1 Static stability 10 7.1.1 Requirements 10 7.1.2 Test method . 10 7.2 Static, impact and fatigue strength . 10 7.2.1 Requirements 10 7.2.2 Test . 10 7.3 Tilting fatigue strength . 11 7.3.1 Gene

35、ral . 11 7.3.2 Requirement 11 7.3.3 Test method . 11 7.4 Wheelchairs for use as seats in motor vehicles 12 7.5 Surface temperature . 12 8 Component properties . 12 8.1 Foot supports, lower leg support assemblies and arm supports . 12 8.1.1 Requirements 12 8.1.2 Test methods . 13 8.2 Component mass 1

36、3 8.3 Pneumatic tyres 14 8.4 Anterior pelvic support 14 8.5 Resistance to ignition 14 8.5.1 Upholstered composite parts 14 8.5.2 Foam materials 14 8.5.3 Other parts . 14 9 Propulsion and braking systems 14 9.1 Means for operating brakes . 14 9.1.1 Requirement 14 9.1.2 Test method for determination o

37、f brake operating forces . 15 9.2 Braking functions . 16 9.2.1 Requirements 16 9.2.2 Test methods . 16 9.3 Pushing force 17 9.3.1 Requirements 17 9.3.2 Test . 17 EN 12183:2014 (E) 3 10 Operations 18 10.1 Operations intended to be carried out by the occupant and/or assistant . 18 10.2 Controls intend

38、ed for operation by the occupant 18 10.3 Controls intended for operation by an assistant . 19 10.4 Push handles and handgrips . 19 10.4.1 Requirements . 19 10.4.2 Test method . 19 10.5 Operating forces 20 10.5.1 Requirements . 20 10.5.2 Test . 20 10.6 Seating adjustments for tilt and recline systems

39、 20 10.6.1 Requirements . 20 10.6.2 Test method . 21 11 Electrical systems Electrically powered ancillary equipment . 21 12 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 21 12.1 General . 21 12.2 Pre-sale information 21 12.3 User information 22 12.4 Service information . 23 12.5 Labelling . 23 13 Test

40、report 24 14 Tables . 25 15 Figures 27 Annex A (informative) Recommendations for dimensions and manoeuvring space of manual wheelchairs 32 A.1 Specific dimensions 32 A.1.1 Dimensions when ready for use and when folded and/or dismantled 32 A.1.2 Push handle height . 32 A.1.3 Ground clearance 32 A.2 M

41、anoeuvring space . 32 A.2.1 Turning diameter . 32 A.2.2 Pivot width . 32 Annex B (informative) Recommended design features 34 B.1 Introduction 34 B.2 General recommendations . 34 B.2.1 Fittings and tools . 34 B.2.2 Tyres . 34 B.2.3 Means to inflate tyres 34 B.2.4 Surface temperature 34 B.2.5 Occupan

42、t transfer into or out of the wheelchair 34 B.2.6 Resistance to contamination from urine incontinence . 35 B.2.7 Head support . 35 B.2.8 Tipping device . 35 B.2.9 Anti-tip devices 35 B.2.10 Accidental release of parking brakes 35 B.2.11 Continuous operating forces . 35 Annex C (informative) EN 12183

43、 and rail interoperability . 36 C.1 Background 36 BS EN 12183:2014EN 12183:2014 (E) 4 C.2 Related provisions in this document 36 Annex D (informative) Recommendations for castor stem angle . 37 D.1 Recommendations 37 D.2 Test method . 37 Annex E (informative) Technical changes from previous editions

44、 of EN 12183 . 38 E.1 Technical changes between the first (1999) and second (2006) editions . 38 E.2 Technical changes between the second (2006) and third (2009) editions 39 E.3 Technical changes from the third (2009) edition . 40 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard an

45、d the Essential Requirements of Council Directive 93/42/EEC 41 Bibliography . 45 EN 12183:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 12183:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 293 “Assistive products for persons with disability”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Sta

46、ndard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of

47、this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12183:2009, which is to be withdrawn (dow) three years after the date of availability of this edition. See CEN/TC 293 resolut

48、ion 492. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices. For relationship with the applicable EU Directive(s), se

49、e informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Informative Annex E provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous editions of 1999, 2006 and 2009. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,