1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12195-4:2003Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety Part 4: Lashing steel wire ropesThe European Standard EN 12195-4:2003 has the status of a British StandardICS 53.080; 55.180.99g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44
2、g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12195-4:2003This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 10 January 2006 BSI 10 January 2006ISBN 0 580 46564 0National for
3、ewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12195-4:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/16, Load restraint assemblies, which has the responsibility to:MHE/16 voted against this European standard for the following reason
4、s. Clause 5.2.1 covers ropes with a fibre or steel core, whereas 5.6.1 refers to Table 1 which only covers ropes with a fibre core. MHE/16 attempted to have this omission corrected but was not successful. Users of this standard are recommended to exercise caution when this standard is applied to rop
5、es having a steel core. In addition, BSI has been advised by the wire rope and lifting equipment industry of various editorial errors (which have arisen through the translation process) and readers are requested not to advise BSI of the details because MHE/16 intends to raise such matters when the s
6、tandard has its first periodic review.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under th
7、e section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applicati
8、on.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor rel
9、ated international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 19 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.A
10、mendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12195-4December 2003ICS 53.080; 55.180.99English versionLoad restraint assemblies on road vehicles - Safety - Part 4:Lashing steel wire ropesDispositifs darrimage des charges sur vhicules routie
11、rs -Scurit - Partie 4: Cbles darrimage en acierLadungssicherungseinrichtungen auf Straenfahrzeugen -Sicherheit - Teil 4: ZurrdrahtseileThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 November 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditio
12、ns for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official
13、 versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
14、Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManag
15、ement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12195-4:2003 EEN 12195-4:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions54 H
16、azards .95 Safety requirements 95.1 General95.2 Construction of lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes 105.2.1 Wire ropes.105.2.2 Formation of eyes 105.2.3 Length .105.2.4 Lashing capacity (LC) for a single leg lashing steel wire rope .105.3 Tensioning devices115.4 Connecting com
17、ponents.115.5 Tension force indicator (optional)115.6 Mechanical properties .115.6.1 Lashing capacity (LC)115.6.2 Proof force125.6.3 Breaking force (BF)126 Verification of safety requirements and type testing.136.1 General136.2 Test frequency136.3 Tensile testing of a lashing steel wire rope and fla
18、t lashing steel wire rope 137 Instructions for use .148 Marking .149 Manufacturers certificate .14Annex A (normative) Hazards 15Annex B (normative) Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by themanufacturer 17Bibliography 19EN 12195-4:2003 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 1
19、2195-4:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes,webbing, slings and accessories Safety“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at th
20、e latest by June 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byJune 2004.The annexes A and B are normative.The parts of EN 12195 “Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety“ are:Part 1: Calculation of lashing forcesPart 2: Web lashing made from man-made fibresPar
21、t 3: Lashing chainsPart 4: Lashing steel wire ropesThis document includes a bibliography.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland
22、,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.EN 12195-4:2003 (E)4IntroductionThis European Standard has been prepared to provide one means of conforming with the safety require
23、ments onlashing steel wire ropes in the Common European Market and thus enabling the free movement of goods.The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, lashing steel wireropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes for securing of loads on vehicles sho
24、uld conform as appropriate to EN 292for hazards which are not covered by this standard.EN 12195-4:2003 (E)51 ScopeThis Part 4 of EN 12195specifies safety requirements for lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes and lashingcombinations with lashing steel wire ropes for the safe sur
25、face transport of loads on load carriers, e.g. trucksand trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail wagons and/or combinations thereof;stipulates procedures for testing lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes;deals with hazards which could occur when lashing
26、 steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes are in useas intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and annex A).2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative reference
27、s are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest
28、 edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology,methodology.EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principlesan
29、d specifications.EN 1677-1, Components for slings Safety Part 1: Forged steel components, Grade 8.EN 1677-2, Components for slings Safety Part 2: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch, Grade 8.EN 1677-4, Components for slings Safety Part 4: Links, Grade 8.EN 1677-5, Components for slings Safety Part
30、 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch, Grade 4.EN 1677-6, Components for slings Safety Part 6: Links, Grade 4.EN 12195-1, Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety Part 1: Calculation of lashing forces.EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applica
31、tions.EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings.EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire rope slings.prEN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule securing.EN 13
32、889, Forged steel shackles for general lifting purposes Dee shackles and bow shackles Grade 6 Safety.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply (examples are given in Fig-ure 1):EN 12195-4:2003 (E)63.1load restraint assemblysystems and
33、 devices for the securing of loads EN 12195-13.2lashing equipmentdevice designed to be attached to the lashing points in order to secure the cargo on a road vehicle. The lashingequipment consists of tensioning elements (e.g. webbing, chain, steel wire rope), tensioning devices andconnecting componen
34、ts, if required (e.g. hook, terminal link)3.3lashing steel wire ropedevice for securing the load, consisting of a steel wire rope with or without connecting components and atensioning device3.4flat lashing steel wire ropedevice for securing the load, consisting of a flat rope consisting of several s
35、teel wire ropes that are arranged sideby side and are interconnected and a tensioning device3.5tensioning devicedevice for tensioning (e.g. rope winch, ratchet lever hoist, spindle loadbinder) (see C in Figure 1)3.6combined lashingdevice for securing a load, consisting of a steel wire rope or a flat
36、 steel wire rope combined with web lashings orlashing chains, with or without connecting components and a tensioning device3.7connecting componentdevice between the lashing steel wire rope or flat lashing steel wire rope and/or the tensioning device and thelashing point and/or the load (see D1 to D4
37、 in Figure 1)3.8tension force indicatordevice which indicates the force in the lashing (see E1 in Figure 1)3.9lashing pointsecuring device on a load carrier to which a lashing may be directly attached. A lashing point can be e.g. an ovallink, a hook, a D-ring, a lashing rail EN 12195-13.10lashing ca
38、pacity (LC)maximum force for use in straight pull that a lashing is designed to sustain in use EN 12195-13.11breaking force (BF)maximum force that the lashing can withstand, when tested in the form of a representative lashing, i.e. completewith connecting components and tensioning device3.12coeffici
39、ent of utilizationratio of breaking force to lashing capacity (BF/LC)3.13tension forceforce in the lashing created by tensioning of a tensioning device EN 12195-1EN 12195-4:2003 (E)73.14standard tension force (STF)residual force after physical release of the handle of the tensioning device3.15hand-o
40、perating force (HF)force applied to the handle which creates the tension force in the lashing system3.16standard hand force (SHF)residual force at a standard hand force of 500 N or the maximal force at the labelled hand force given on thetensioning device3.17competent persondesignated person, suitab
41、ly trained qualified by knowledge and practical experience and with the necessaryinstructions to enable the required tests and examinations to be carried out EN 1677-13.18traceability codeseries of letters and/or numbers marked on a component which enables its manufacturing history, including identi
42、tyof the cast steel used, to be traced EN 1677-1EN 12195-4:2003 (E)8A Lashing equipment: D Connecting components:A1 Marking D1 Lashing hookB Tensioning element: D2 Terminal linkB1 Steel wire rope D3 Shackle with split-pinB2 Flat wire ropeC Tensioning devices:D4 Swivel hook with latch against uninten
43、dedunhookingC1 Rope winchC2 Rope pulleyC3 Multi-purpose lever hoistD5/D6 Combination element: lashing steel wirerope lashing chains (and lashing steelwire rope web lashing)E1 Tension force indicatorE2 Overload indicatorFigure 1 Examples of lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes,
44、including tensioningdevices C, connecting components D and tension force indicators EEN 12195-4:2003 (E)94 HazardsThe general hazards caused by the load or parts of load during improper use of lashing steel wire ropes and flatlashing steel wire ropes or the non-use of load securing devices are given
45、 in annex A.Hazards described in the following refer to persons, who can be endangered directly when handling the lashing steelwire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes, e.g. during tensioning and unloading.The evaluation of hazards is carried out according to EN 292-1.The scope of EN 292-1 recom
46、mends the application of EN 292-1 also for other technical products having similar haz-ards. This is applicable, since malfunctions lead to substantial general hazards (see annex A) and the tension in thelashing steel wire rope used with hand operated lashing equipment leads to similar or more sever
47、e hazards as withmechanically operated lashing winches.The requirements of clause 5, the test in clause 6 and the users instruction in annex B have been specified such thatlashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes and tensioning devices conforming to this standard take thefollowing
48、hazards into account, provided that they are properly used:a) hazards of being hit, losing ones balance or falling during application of force, due to defective equipment,sudden breakage or malfunction of the tensioning leading to the sudden absence of the hand reaction force;b) injuries by pinching
49、 and shearing, hand and arm injuries during manipulation of tensioning devices due tosharp edges;c) hazards to the unloading personnel due loads having moved during transport, because of inadequatesecuring, malfunction like recoil or breakage of equipment or defective equipment and then may fall onto thepersonnel, especially when opening the side-panels;d) hazards due to wrong combinations made up by the operator.The ergonomic requirements are taken into account by the fact that the maximum han
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