EN 12234-2013 en Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of ball roll behaviour《运动场表面 球滚动性能的测定》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12234:2013Surfaces for sports areas Determination of ball rollbehaviourBS EN 12234:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12234:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN 12234:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its prepar

2、ation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/57, Surfaces for sports areas.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctap

3、plication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76835 4ICS 97.220.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Comm

4、ittee on 30 September 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12234:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12234 September 2013 ICS 97.220.10 Supersedes EN 12234:2002English Version Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of ball roll behaviour Sols sporti

5、fs - Dtermination du comportement de la balle en roulement Sportbden - Bestimmung des Ballrollverhaltens This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Stand

6、ard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English

7、, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bul

8、garia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, T

9、urkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members

10、. Ref. No. EN 12234:2013: EBS EN 12234:2013EN 12234:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Principle 4 4 Apparatus . 4 5 Preparation of the test specimen 5 6 Conditioning . 6 7 Procedure . 6 8 Calculation and expression of results 7 9 Test report 7 BS EN 12234:2

11、013EN 12234:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12234:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 217 “Surfaces for sports areas”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical tex

12、t or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible

13、for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12234:2002. Compared with EN 12234:2002, the text has been clarified and editorial errors have been corrected. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries

14、 are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,

15、 Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12234:2013EN 12234:2013 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the rolling behaviour of a ball on a sports surface. 2 Normative references The following documents

16、, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12229, Surfaces for sports

17、areas Procedure for the preparation of synthetic turf and needle-punch test pieces EN 12235, Surfaces for sports areas Determination of vertical ball behaviour 3 Principle A ball is rolled down a ramp, from a specified height, onto a test surface and either the distance the ball rolls or the velocit

18、y change of the ball on the surface is measured. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Ball, conforming to the regulations of the governing body of the relevant sport and as described in EN 12235. 4.2 Ball roll ramp, comprising two smooth parallel bars, mounted at an angle of (45 2) on a rigid frame, and having dimension

19、s in accordance with Figures 1 and 2. At their lower end, the bars curve to become parallel with the ground. NOTE The spacing between the parallel bars depends on the diameter of the ball used in the test. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 Side view of ball roll ramp BS EN 12234:2013EN 12234:2013 (

20、E) 5 Dimensions in millimetres Key: (guidance width for each ball type) l = 100 10 mm association Football l = 45 5 mm hockey Figure 2 Plan of ball roll ramps 4.3 Bubble level, suitable for measuring vertical and horizontal alignment. 4.4 Alignment device, suitable for setting the ball roll ramp ver

21、tically on a level surface. 4.5 Tape measure, for determination of all rolling distances. 4.6 Set of optically triggered timing gates, accurate to 0,1 m/s, to measure the speed of the ball at two points in its travel, for determination of velocity change, the first timing gate positioned at least 1

22、m from the end of the ramp to eliminate any top spin generated by the ramp. NOTE Optically triggered timing gates are only required for velocity change determination (see 7.1). 4.7 Means of measuring wind speed, accurate to within 0,1 km/h. 5 Preparation of the test specimen The test shall be carrie

23、d out on in situ indoor or outdoor sport surfaces, or on a specimen assembled for test purposes in accordance with EN 12229. If a test specimen is to be used, prepare this from a representative sample of the sports surface. Assemble the surface in accordance with the method recommended by the manufa

24、cturer. BS EN 12234:2013EN 12234:2013 (E) 6 For determination of ball rolling distance, prepare the test specimen of minimum width 1,0 m and of sufficient length to ensure that the ball comes to rest not less than 100 mm from the side and 250 mm from the far end of the test piece. For determination

25、of velocity change, prepare the test specimen of minimum width 1 m and minimum length 2 m. NOTE Tests for field hockey may require a wider test piece to allow ball roll deviation to be measured. As the infill material will influence the results, it is required that each system and infill type is tes

26、ted. 6 Conditioning Condition the specimens for a minimum of 3 h at the test temperature. Unless otherwise specified, condition and test the specimen at a temperature of (23 2) C. For tests on site, condition the ball for a minimum of 1 h at the prevailing ambient temperature. 7 Procedure 7.1 Ball r

27、olling procedure For tests being conducted on site, determine the wind speed at the test site (4.7). If the wind speed at the test site exceeds 3,2 km/h, do not proceed with the determination unless a shielding system can be used to mitigate the influence of the wind whilst not interfering with the

28、test method. Set the ball roll ramp (4.2) with the aid of the bubble level (4.3) and alignment device (4.4) vertically upon the test surface or specimen, curvature and distance between the parallel bars for the type of ball, as given in Figures 1 and 2. Place the ramp at a height so that the vertica

29、l distance between the base of the ball and the point where it first makes contact with the surface is (1 000 5) mm. Release the ball and allow it to roll until it comes to rest. Measure the distance from the point at which the ball first touched the surface to the point below the centre of the ball

30、 at which it is resting on the surface. In the laboratory, if the ball travels within 100 mm of an edge of the test surface or specimen, disregard the result and repeat the procedure. Repeat the procedure to obtain five readings of ball roll distance. Move the ramp slightly between each procedure to

31、 avoid tracking. In the laboratory the test should be conducted in both directions; for field testing the test should be conducted in four directions (at 90 degree intervals). 7.2 Velocity change For tests being conducted on site, determine the wind speed at the test site (4.7). If the wind speed at

32、 the test site exceeds 3,2 km/h, do not proceed with the determination. Place the timing gates (4.6) on the test surface or specimen, so that the ball is able to pass between them, with a distance between the gates of (1 000 5) mm. Place the ball on the ramp at a suitable height and release the ball

33、 so that it rolls through the two timing gates in turn. Record the time taken for the ball to pass through each gate, the velocity at the first gate being initial velocity and the velocity at the second gate final velocity. Repeat the test to obtain at least five readings of initial and final veloci

34、ty, each time varying slightly the height of the ramp from which the ball is released to vary the initial velocity within a range of 2,5 m/s. Move the ramp slightly between each procedure to avoid tracking. BS EN 12234:2013EN 12234:2013 (E) 7 If the surface has any form of direction variation, for e

35、xample the lay of the pile in synthetic turf, or is laid with a slope for drainage, repeat the test to obtain two sets of readings in the directions giving maximum and minimum values of velocity change. NOTE It might be necessary to determine these directions by trial. For test specimens, this can e

36、ntail the preparation of specimens with the long axis, perpendicular to and parallel to the manufacturing direction. 7.3 Determinations under wet conditions If wet testing is required, prepare the test specimen in accordance with the relevant product specification. 8 Calculation and expression of re

37、sults 8.1 Ball rolling distance Calculate the mean of the five values obtained, in metres, for each direction of test. Report the mean value(s) as the ball rolling distance(s). 8.2 Velocity change From the distance between sensors in each timing gate (4.6) and the times recorded when the ball passes

38、 through them, calculate the initial and final velocities of the ball for each direction of test. Plot the measured values of velocity change against the initial velocities separately for each direction of test. From the resulting graph(s), interpolate to obtain the velocity change at an initial vel

39、ocity of 2,5 m/s. Report the results as velocity change per metre, where one metre is the distance between the timing gates, for each direction of test. 9 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) number of this European Standard, i.e. EN 12234; b) complete description

40、of the surface tested, including the manufacturers reference, type of supporting layers and method of attachment; c) conditions under which the test was carried out, i.e. laboratory conditions and details of conditioning, or on site, ambient conditions including maximum wind speed during the tests;

41、d) temperature at which the test was carried out; e) condition of the surface at the time of test, i.e. wet or dry, and a brief description of any wetting procedure to which the surface has been subjected; f) details of any directional variation of the surface; g) description of the type of ball use

42、d in the test; h) for each direction tested, either the mean ball rolling distance or the velocity change per metre, as appropriate; i) if required, details for any relevant observations made during the test. This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body

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