1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12516-1:2014Industrial valves Shell designstrengthPart 1: Tabulation method for steel valveshellsBS EN 12516-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12516-1:2014.It supersedes BS EN 12516-1:2005 which is withdrawn.Th
2、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PSE/18/1, Industrial valves, steam traps, actuators andsafety devices against excessive pressure - Valves - Basic standards.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This
3、publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 75904 8ICS 23.060.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun
4、ity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12516-1:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12516-1 October 2014 ICS 23.
5、060.01 Supersedes EN 12516-1:2005English Version Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells Robinetterie industrielle - Rsistance mcanique des enveloppes - Partie 1: Mthode tabulaire relative aux enveloppes dappareils de robinetterie en acier Industr
6、iearmaturen - Gehusefestigkeit - Teil 1: Tabellenverfahren fr drucktragende Gehuse von Armaturen aus Stahl This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European St
7、andard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engl
8、ish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
9、Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
10、, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Memb
11、ers. Ref. No. EN 12516-1:2014 EBS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 Introduction .7 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 Symbols and units 11 5 Material groups and material temperature limitations 12 6 Pressure/temperature (p/t) ratings 12 6.1 G
12、eneral . 12 6.2 Standard rating . 12 6.3 Special Class . 12 6.4 Limited Class . 12 6.5 Intermediate ratings . 12 6.6 Flanged ratings . 12 7 Temperature effects . 13 7.1 Temperature limits 13 7.2 Fluid thermal expansion 13 8 Dimensions 13 8.1 Minimum wall thickness . 13 8.2 Inside diameter 13 8.3 Val
13、ve body necks 13 8.4 Local areas 16 8.5 Contours at body ends . 16 8.5.1 Butt welding ends . 16 8.5.2 Socket welding and threaded ends. 16 8.6 Additional metal thickness 17 8.7 Bonnets, cover and connections 17 8.8 Wafer or flangeless valves . 17 9 Auxiliary connections 19 9.1 General . 19 9.2 Pipe
14、thread tapping 19 9.3 Socket welding 19 9.4 Butt welding 20 9.5 Bosses . 20 10 End dimensions 21 10.1 Flanged ends . 21 10.2 Butt welding ends . 21 10.3 Socket welding ends 21 10.4 Threaded ends 21 10.5 Intermediate rated socket welding and threaded ends. 21 11 Marking 21 11.1 Standard rating valves
15、 . 21 11.2 Special Class valves . 21 11.3 Limited Class valves 22 11.4 Intermediate rating valves . 22 BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 3 Annex A (normative) Methods used for establishing pressure/temperature ratings 72 A.1 Minimum wall thickness . 72 A.2 Material properties 73 A.3 Pressure/tem
16、perature ratings 73 A.3.1 General . 73 A.3.2 Selected stress values for steels from group 3E0 to 9E1 . 75 A.3.3 Selected stress values for steels from group 10E0 to 16E0 . 75 A.3.4 Maximum ratings . 75 Annex B (normative) Material groups . 76 Annex C (informative) Special Class . 78 C.1 General . 78
17、 C.2 Required examination . 78 C.2.1 Castings 78 C.2.2 Forgings, bars, plates and tubular products 80 C.2.3 Drop forgings . 81 C.2.4 Welded fabrication 81 C.2.5 Defect removal and repair Repair by welding 81 C.3 Method for establishing Special rating . 87 C.3.1 Methods for all materials 87 C.3.2 Spe
18、cial ratings . 88 Annex D (informative) Radiographic procedure and acceptance standards 108 D.1 Radiographic procedure . 108 D.2 Acceptance standards 109 Annex E (informative) Magnetic particle examination procedure and acceptance standards . 110 E.1 General . 110 E.2 Acceptance standards 110 E.2.1
19、Castings 110 E.2.2 Forgings and rolled or wrought material and drop forgings 110 Annex F (informative) Liquid penetrant examination procedure and acceptance standards . 112 F.1 Procedure . 112 F.2 Acceptance criteria . 112 F.2.1 Castings 112 F.2.2 Forgings, rolled or wrought material and drop forgin
20、gs . 112 Annex G (informative) Ultrasonic examination procedure and acceptance standards . 113 G.1 Procedure for forgings and rolled or wrought material 113 G.1.1 General . 113 G.1.2 Extent of examination . 113 G.1.3 Acceptance standards 113 G.2 Procedure for castings . 113 G.2.1 General . 113 G.2.2
21、 Extent of examination . 113 G.2.3 Acceptance standards 113 Annex H (informative) Requirement for Limited Class valves in sizes DN 65 and smaller . 114 H.1 General . 114 H.2 Limited Class rating method 114 H.3 Dimensions 115 H.3.1 General . 115 H.3.2 Inside diameter 115 H.3.3 Wall thickness 115 H.3.
22、4 Valve body necks 115 H.3.5 Contours for body run transitions . 115 H.3.6 Additional metal thickness . 115 H.3.7 Welded fabrication 116 BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 4 Annex I (informative) ASTM/ASME material 117 I.1 General . 117 I.2 Material groups . 117 I.3 Minimum wall thickness . 118 I
23、.4 Material properties 118 I.5 Pressure/temperature ratings 118 I.5.1 Standard rating . 118 I.5.2 Special rating 118 Annex J (informative) Relationship between DN, NPS, pipe inside diameter Dni, pipe outside diameter OD . 197 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the
24、 Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC (Pressure Equipment Directive) 201 Bibliography . 202 BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 12516-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 69 “Industrial valves”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. T
25、his European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
26、elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12516-1:2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the Eur
27、opean Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC (Pressure Equipment Directive). For relationship with EU Directive 97/23/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 12516 consists of four parts: EN 12516-1, Industrial valves
28、 Shell design strength Part 1: Tabulation method for steel valve shells (the present document); EN 12516-2, Industrial valves Shell design strength Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells; EN 12516-3, Valves Shell design strength Part 3: Experimental method; EN 12516-4, Industrial valves S
29、hell design strength Part 4: Calculation method for valve shells manufactured from metallic material other than steel. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: a) addition of new PN values PN 160, PN 250, PN 320, PN 400; b) B designation rating have been replaced by th
30、e PN designation; c) B20 rating values have been replaced by Class 150 and use of the calculation method given in ASME B16.34; d) new PN values have been added to Table 7 for the valve body minimum wall thickness values; e) material tables have been updated to be in line with EN 1092-1 for the EN ma
31、terials; f) materials 1.0345 and 1.4458 have been deleted; g) Annex B material groups has been updated and made normative; h) special Class in EN material have been moved to an informative Annex C; i) EN materials properties for pressure temperature calculation have been modified (Rm/3,5) to be cons
32、istent with the new ASME rules, and using Rp1 %for stainless steel consistent with EN 12516-2; BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 6 j) ASTM material properties used for rating calculation have been updated to the new ASME B16.34 rules; k) in the pressure-temperature calculation formula the stress
33、 factor S has been changed to 120,7 MPa in order to get a Ps of 775,7 bar which is the ceiling pressure when calculating the Special Class 4 500; l) pressure/temperature ratings have been recalculated. For PN values they are now limited to the PN number; this has been done by increasing the Pc value
34、 in the pressure rating calculation method consequently the wall thickness for the PN designation has been increased; m) Annexes D, E, F, G for NDE have been updated to the new EN standards and made informative; n) Annex H limited Class has been made informative; o) ASTM/ASME materials have been mov
35、ed to an informative Annex I; p) an informative Annex J on the relationship between DN, NPS, pipe inside diameter and outside diameter has been added; q) Annex ZA has been updated. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are
36、bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Port
37、ugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 7 Introduction EN 12516, Industrial valves Shell design strength, is in four parts. EN 12516-1 and EN 12516-2 specify methods for determining the thickness of steel val
38、ve shells by tabulation or calculation methods respectively. EN 12516-3 establishes an experimental method for assessing the strength of valve shells in steel, cast iron and copper alloy as a type test by applying an elevated hydrostatic pressure at ambient temperature. EN 12516-4 specifies method f
39、or calculating the thickness for valve shells in metallic material other than steel. The tabulation method, EN 12516-1, is similar in approach to ASME B16.34 in that the designer can look up the required minimum wall thickness dimension of the valve body from a table. The internal diameter of the in
40、let bore of the valve, gives the reference dimension from which the tabulated wall thickness of the body are calculated. It applies only to valve bodies, bonnets and covers with essentially circular cross-section. For valve shells with oval or rectangular shapes and for additional loads, EN 12516-2
41、should be used (see 8.6). The calculation method, EN 12516-2 is similar in approach to the former DIN 3840 where the designer is required to calculate the wall thickness for each point on the pressure temperature curve using the allowable stress at that temperature for the material he has chosen. Th
42、e allowable stress is calculated from the material properties using the safety factors that are defined in EN 12516-2. The formulae in EN 12516-2 consider the valve as a pressure vessel and ensure that there will be no excessive deformation or plastic instability. EN 12516-1 specifies Standard and S
43、pecial pressure/temperature ratings for valve shells with bodies having the tabulated thickness. The tabulation method gives one thickness for the body for each PN (see 3.1) or Class designation depending only on the inside diameter, Di, of the body at the point where the thickness is to be determin
44、ed. The thicknesses are calculated using the thin cylinder formula that is also used in EN 12516-2. The allowable stress used in the formula is equal to 120,7 MPa and the calculation pressure Pc varies according PN and Class designation. For the Class designations, the rules for determining the pres
45、sure/temperature ratings are the same for both valve shells and flanges. For PN designations rules for determining the pressure /temperature ratings are different for flanges and for valves, but this revision of the standard has adjusted the rules to get at room temperature the same pressure. The ch
46、ange of pressure in temperature needs to be taken into account by the piping/assembler. The main reasons for the differences are due to the treatment of ceiling values. In PN flanges, a constant ceiling stress of 140 MPa at room temperature is applied. In PN and Class designations, the EN 12516-1 ce
47、iling criteria apply, which are temperature dependent. The reason for the down rating of Standard rating values relative to Special rating is that the Standard rating body is not subject to the specified non-destructive examination procedures and acceptance levels. The thicknesses for all designatio
48、ns are approximately proportional to the Class 4 500 thickness in the ratio of the pressures. This standard tabulates the commonly used ratings. It is possible to design shells to suit particular applications or markets using intermediate ratings. This data can be obtained using linear interpolation
49、 of the tabulated data in EN 12516-1. A merit of the tabulation method, which has a fixed set of shell dimensions irrespective of the material of the shell, is that it is possible to have common patterns and forging dies. The allowable pressure/temperature rating for each material group varies proportional to the selected stresses of the material group to which the material belong. BS EN 12516-1:2014EN 12516-1:2014 (E) 8 A merit of the calculation method is that it allows the most efficient design for a specific application using the allowable st
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