EN 12579-2013 en Soil improvers and growing media - Sampling《土壤改进剂和培养基 抽样》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12579:2013Soil improvers and growingmedia SamplingBS EN 12579:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12579:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN 12579:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted t

2、o TechnicalCommittee AW/20, Top soil, other growing media and turf.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication

3、. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76738 8ICS 65.080Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30

4、November 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12579:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12579 October 2013 ICS 65.080 Supersedes EN 12579:1999English Version Soil improvers and growing media - Sampling Amendements organiques et supports de culture - Ec

5、hantillonnage Bodenverbesserungsmittel und Kultursubstrate - Probenahme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 August 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national st

6、andard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in

7、 any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech R

8、epublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROP

9、EAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12579:2013: EBS E

10、N 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Requirements 6 4.1 General . 6 4.2 Microbiological testing . 6 4.3 Moisture content . 6 5 Apparatus 7 6 Procedure 7 6.1 General . 7 6.2 Location and time of sa

11、mpling 8 6.3 Sampling constraints . 9 6.3.1 Limitations on the sample portion 9 6.3.2 Number of final samples 9 6.4 Sampling 9 6.4.1 Number of sampling points . 9 6.4.2 Distribution of sampling points . 9 6.4.3 Volume of samples . 10 6.4.4 Incremental samples 10 6.5 Final sample 11 7 Packing and lab

12、elling of the final samples 11 7.1 General . 11 7.2 Labelling 11 8 Sampling report 12 9 Dispatch of samples . 12 Annex A (informative) Final sample size required 13 Bibliography . 14 BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12579:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee C

13、EN/TC 223 “Soil improvers and growing media”, the secretariat of which is held by ASI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withd

14、rawn at the latest by April 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12579:1999. The main cha

15、nges are listed below: more detail in the preparation of the product prior to sampling to ensure more consistent use of the standards procedure; a flowchart that has been added to assist in the use of the standard; takes into account the provisions in EN 15238 (product with particle size greater tha

16、n 60 mm) and EN 15761 (product in block form). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, For

17、mer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 4 Intr

18、oduction Soil improvers and growing media are very difficult to sample because of the variety of materials used and the inhomogeneous materials involved. When packed they are also by their nature and the packaging and palletisation process subject to pressure which results in various degrees of comp

19、ression which need to be counteracted prior to sampling. The task is further complicated by the variety of sampling equipment that can be used, the quantity to be represented by the sample and the degree of precision required bearing in mind the cost of testing. A suitably competent person should un

20、dertake this sampling. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies methods for sampling soil improvers and growing media (excluding liming materials) for subsequent determination of quality and quantity. It outlines the principles to be taken into consideration when

21、taking the sample and ensuring an adequate quantity is available for testing. This standard only applies to material in solid form, including pre-shaped media. This standard is intended to be used by manufacturers, buyers and enforcement agencies in verifying claims made for these products. It is no

22、t intended that it should necessarily be used for the purpose of manufacturing control. The requirements of this standard may differ from the national legal requirements for the declaration of the product concerned. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively

23、 referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13040, Soil improvers and growing media Sample preparation for ch

24、emical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content, moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk density 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 batch lot quantity of goods manufactured by the same process under the same

25、 conditions and labelled in the same manner and are assumed to have the same characteristics 3.2 consignment quantity of goods dispatched or received at one time and covered by a particular contract or shipping document Note 1 to entry: A consignment may be composed of a part of a batch (lot) or one

26、 or more batches (lots) of the same material or different materials (products). 3.3 sampled portion maximum quantity of material (product) from the same batch from which one representative combined sample is taken 3.4 sampling point point from which the incremental sample is taken 3.5 incremental sa

27、mple quantity of material taken form one sampling point BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 6 3.6 combined sample combination of all incremental samples taken from one sampled portion 3.7 final sample representative part of the combined sample taken from the sampled portion obtained, where necessary,

28、by a process of reduction 3.8 laboratory sample representative part of the final sample prepared for testing 3.9 bulk material material that is not packaged 3.10 package container in which the goods are delivered and which remains with them after delivery Note 1 to entry: A package may be a loose-fi

29、lled sack typically up to 100 l, a compressed block or bale and even a big bale, typically of 4 m3. 4 Requirements 4.1 General Any sample collected from the soil improver or growing medium shall represent the whole of the material. Special care shall be taken to ensure that all sampling apparatus is

30、 clean, dry, and made from material which will not contaminate the soil improver or growing media. Sampling shall be carried out as soon as possible and in such a manner as to preserve the quality aspect for which the sample will be tested. 4.2 Microbiological testing For microbiological testing all

31、 sampling apparatus, including sample containers, should only be sterilised before use if necessary. To avoid cross contamination, a fresh set of sampling apparatus should be used for each sample. For example, sterilisation is not necessary when using new, unopened plastic bags. Contact with human s

32、kin or fluids should be prevented in case of sampling for human pathogens. 4.3 Moisture content The moisture content shall subsequently be determined using the method specified in EN 13040. NOTE Material which has become excessively wet and which cannot be easily broken down into a flowable material

33、 will not be suitable for the determination of quantity and cannot give a representative analytical result. However, because of the diverse nature and bulk density of these materials, it is not possible to quantify what is excessive. Examples are mushroom casing or blocking media that have become ex

34、cessively moist, or material that has become excessively wet in storage. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 7 5 Apparatus 5.1 Shovel, scoop or other sampling device so long as it preserves the characteristic of the product, and is sterilisable for microbiological samples. 5.2 Apparatus for sample div

35、ision, comprising any suitable equipment for combining and reducing the samples which preserve the characteristic of the product. 6 Procedure 6.1 General All sampling operations shall be carried out over a sufficiently short period of time and in such a way (subject to the need to bring the material

36、 to a flowable state and to facilitate sub-sampling and measurement) as to avoid any alteration in the characteristics of the product delivered or the samples. During sampling all incremental samples shall be stored in a manner that maintains their characteristics. Figure 1 shows the procedure to be

37、 used for product that is both in packages as well as in the loose (bulk) state with references to the relevant clauses. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 8 Figure 1 Procedure to be used for product that is both in packages as well as in the loose (bulk) state 6.2 Location and time of sampling From

38、the sampled portion to be sampled, calculate the number of incremental samples to be taken (see 6.4.1). The sampling points shall be designated at random. Sampling of a sampled portion may be undertaken during loading and discharge. Whenever possible, sampling from the bulk product should be carried

39、 out from a moving stream of product, the whole width of the stream being sampled. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 9 6.3 Sampling constraints 6.3.1 Limitations on the sample portion If the consignment does not appear, either visually or from labelling, to be from the same batch (lot) or consists o

40、f different materials (products), then the materials shall be sampled separately. NOTE Production coding can help in identifying the batch. A sampled portion shall not be more than 5 000 m3(bulk) or 10 000 packages (packaged material) of the same material from the same consignment. If at all possibl

41、e packages which are damaged or adversely affected by the environment shall not be selected as these may not give representative results (see also NOTE to 4.3). When sampling packages for quantity determination, each incremental sample shall be treated as a final sample which shall be: either the in

42、dividual package if it exceeds 30 l for product with particle size no greater than 60 mm; or the individual package if it exceeds 70 l for product with particle size greater than 60 mm; or sufficient packages to give a content of at least 30 l for product no greater than 60 mm, or 70 l for product g

43、reater than 60 mm. 6.3.2 Number of final samples Except for quantity determination, and unless otherwise agreed with the parties concerned, at least three representative final samples shall be taken and distributed as follows: a) One portion each of the supplier and buyer (receiver or enforcement of

44、ficer; b) One portion for an independent tester if a dispute on analysis arises. 6.4 Sampling 6.4.1 Number of sampling points Take an incremental sample from each sampling point. The number of sampling points (nsp) is calculated using the following formula: nsp= 0,5 (V0,5) rounded up to the nearest

45、whole number where V is the nominal quantity of the sampled portion in cubic metres: with a minimum nsp= 12; and a maximum nsp= 30. 6.4.2 Distribution of sampling points The sampling points shall be distributed throughout the sampled portion as follows: a) Bulk material: Visually divide the sampled

46、portion into the same number of equal portions as the number of sampling points. BS EN 12579:2013EN 12579:2013 (E) 10 b) Packaged material: Each sampling point shall be in a different randomly selected package. Where the quantity of a pack is to be determined the sample shall enable the bulk density

47、 and quantity of each individually sampled pack to be determined. More sampling points shall be used if the package content is so small that the required incremental sample size cannot be obtained. 6.4.3 Volume of samples From each sampling point incremental samples of sufficient volume (at least 0,

48、5 l) shall be taken to ensure the final sample size (see Annex A). 6.4.4 Incremental samples If the variability of the material is being assessed, the incremental samples shall be treated as separate final samples. Each of the incremental samples shall be of the final sample size (see 6.4.3 and Anne

49、x A). The incremental samples shall be taken carefully so as to preserve the characteristics of the material for the parameter for which it is to be tested (subject to the need to bring the material to a flowable state and to facilitate sub-sampling and measurement) as follows: a) All material: Care shall be taken not to degrade the material as this could result in a higher bulk density and a lower volume and higher than expected nutrient and salt levels b) Reconstitution and preparation of material: All material (except bulk material that is already in a lo