1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12697-46:2012Bituminous mixtures Testmethods for hot mix asphaltPart 46: Low temperature cracking andproperties by uniaxial tension testsBS EN 12697-46:2012 BRITISH STANDAR
2、DNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12697-46:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/510/1, Asphalt products.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication
3、 does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75916 1ICS 93.080.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromleg
4、al obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12697-46:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12697-46 May 2012 ICS 93.080.20 English Ver
5、sion Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 46: Low temperature cracking and properties by uniaxial tension tests Mlanges bitumineux - Essais pour mlange hydrocarbon chaud - Partie 46: Fissuration et proprits basse temprature par des essais de traction uniaxiale Asphalt - Prfv
6、erfahren fr Heiasphalt - Teil 46: Widerstand gegen Klterisse und Tieftemperaturverhalten bei einachsigen Zugversuchen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 March 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
7、European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official ver
8、sions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria
9、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
10、 EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12697-46:2012: EBS EN 1
11、2697-46:2012EN 12697-46:2012 (E) 2 Contents PageForeword 31 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Principle 75 Apparatus .95.1 Testing device for conducting UTST, TSRST, RT and TCT .95.2 Testing device for conducting UCTST 116 Calibration . 126.1 Testing device for conducting UT
12、ST, TSRST, relaxation test and tensile creep test 126.2 Testing device for conducting UCTST 127 Specimen preparation 127.1 Number of samples. 127.2 Dimensions 127.3 Preparation 137.4 Bulk density . 137.5 Drying . 137.6 Storage . 137.7 Mounting 147.8 Installation and conditioning . 148 Procedure 158.
13、1 Uniaxial tension stress test (UTST) 158.2 Thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) . 158.3 Relaxation test (RT) 158.4 Tensile creep test (TCT) . 168.5 Uniaxial cyclic tensile stress test (UCTST) 169 Evaluation 179.1 Tension strength reserve . 179.2 Uniaxial cyclic tensile stress test (UCTST
14、) 1810 Test report . 1910.1 General . 1910.2 Information on specimen . 2010.3 Information on test method . 2010.4 Information on the test and results . 2011 Precision 21Bibliography . 23BS EN 12697-46:2012EN 12697-46:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12697-46:2012) has been prepared by Technical
15、 Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdraw
16、n at the latest by November 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document is one of a series of standards for bi
17、tuminous mixtures which includes the following: EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 1: Soluble binder content EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures Test me
18、thods for hot mix asphalt Part 3: Binder recovery: Rotary evaporator EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 4: Binder recovery: Fractionat-ing column EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 5: Determination of the maximum density EN 12697-
19、6, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures Test meth
20、ods for hot mix asphalt Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens EN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 9: Determination of the refer-ence density EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 10: Compactibility EN
21、12697-11, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 11: Determination of the affin-ity between aggregates and binders EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of specimen EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures Test me
22、thods for hot mix asphalt Part 13: Temperature measure-ment EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 14: Water content BS EN 12697-46:2012EN 12697-46:2012 (E) 4 EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 15: Determination of the seg-regation
23、sensitivity EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 17: Particle loss of porous asphalt specimen EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part
24、18: Binder drainage EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 19: Permeability of specimen EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 20: Indentation using cube or Marshall specimen EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asp
25、halt Part 21: Indentation using plate specimen EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 22: Wheel tracking test EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 23: Indirect tensile test EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asp
26、halt Part 24: Resistance to fatigue EN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 25: Cyclic compression test EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 26: Stiffness EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 27: Sampl
27、ing EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 29: Determination of the di-mensions of bituminous specimen EN 12697-
28、30, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 30: Preparation of specimen by impact compactor EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 31: Specimen preparation, gyratory compactor EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 32:
29、 Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactor EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 34: Marshall test EN 12697-35, Bituminous mix
30、tures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 35: Laboratory mixing EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 36: Method for the determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 37: Hot sand test
31、 for the ad-hesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA BS EN 12697-46:2012EN 12697-46:2012 (E) 5 EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 38: Common equipment and calibration EN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 39: Binder conten
32、t by ignition EN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 40: In-situ drainability EN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 41: Resistance to de-icing flu-ids EN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 42: Amount of
33、 coarse foreign matters in reclaimed asphalt EN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 43: Resistance to fuel EN 12697-44, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 44: Crack propagation by semi-circular bending test EN 12697-45, Bituminous mixtures Test
34、methods for hot mix asphalt Part 45: Saturation Ageing Tensile Stiffness (SATS) conditioning test EN 12697-46, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 46: Low temperature cracking and properties by uniaxial tension tests EN 12697-47, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asp
35、halt Part 47: Determination of the ash content of natural asphalts prEN 12697-481), Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 48: Inter-layer bond strength prEN 12697-49, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 49: Skid resistance of asphalt in the laboratory prEN 1
36、2697-501), Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 50: Scuffing resistance of surface course asphalt According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, B
37、ulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 1)In pr
38、eparation.BS EN 12697-46:2012EN 12697-46:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies uniaxial tension tests for characterising the resistance of an asphalt mixture against low temperature cracking. The results of the uniaxial tension tests can be used to evaluate the following: tensile stren
39、gth at a specified temperature, using the uniaxial tension stress test (UTST); minimum temperature that the asphalt can resist before failure, using the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST); tensile strength reserve at a specified temperature (using a combination of TSRST and UTST); relax
40、ation time, using the relaxation test (RT); creep curve to back calculate rheological parameters, using the tensile creep tests (TCT); fatigue resistance at low temperatures due to the combination of cryogenic and mechanical loads, using the uniaxial cyclic tension stress tests (UCTST). 2 Normative
41、references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli
42、es. EN 12697-6:2012, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 27: Sampling EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 33: Speci
43、men prepared by roller compactor 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 tensile strength tmaximum tensile stress measured in a tensile stress test 3.2 tensile failure strain failuretensile strain that is measured when the tensile str
44、ength has been reached 3.3 cryogenic stress cry(T) tension stress, induced by prohibited thermal shrinkage, at the temperature T 3.4 failure stress cry, failurecryogenic stress that causes a failure of the specimen in the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) BS EN 12697-46:2012EN 12697-46
45、:2012 (E) 7 3.5 failure temperature Tfailuretemperature at which the cryogenic stress causes a failure of the specimen in the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) 3.6 tensile strength reserve tdifference between the tensile strength and the cryogenic stress at the same temperature T where
46、 )()()(cryttTTT = 3.7 time of relaxation treltime until the stress decreases to 36,8 % (1/e) of its initial value 3.8 remaining tension stress rem(t) remaining stress after the time t in the relaxation test 3.9 initial complex modulus E*0complex modulus after 100 load cycles, calculated according to
47、 EN 12697-26 3.10 conventional failure criterion Nf/50number of load cycles reducing the complex modulus E* to half of its initial value E*0(fatigue criterion) 3.11 additional failure criterion Nfailurenumber of load cycles leading to the development of a visible and recognisable crack in the asphal
48、t specimen (fracture criterion) 4 Principle The low-temperature performance of asphalt specimens can be tested using different test methods: In the uniaxial tension stress test (UTST), a specimen is pulled with a constant strain rate at a constant temperature until failure. Results of the UTST are the maximum stress (tensile strength) t(T) and the corresponding tensile failure strain failure(T) at the test temperature T (see Figure 1). In the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST), a specimen, whose length is held constant, is subjected to a temp
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