1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12826:2000 Incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Footwear Test methods for lining and insocks Static friction The European Standard EN 12826:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 61.060 BS EN 12826:2000 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Se
2、ctor Committee of Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 October 2000 BSI 20 April 2004 ISBN 0 580 34333 2 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12826:2000, including Corrigend
3、um July 2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/69, Footwear and leather, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which im
4、plement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication
5、does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee
6、 any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 19 an
7、d a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 15132 Corrigendum No.1 20 April 2004 Correction to 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12826 Ma
8、rch 2000 ICS 61.060 Incorporating corrigendum July 2002 English version Footwear - Test methods for lining and insocks - Static friction Chaussures - Mthodes dessai pour la doublure et pour la premire de propret - Frottement statique Schuhe - Prfverfahren fr Schuhfutter und Decksohlen - Haftreibung
9、This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 January 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical ref
10、erences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member
11、into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal
12、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN n
13、ational Members. Ref. No. EN 12826:2000 EPage 2 EN 12826:2000 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Definitions4 4 Apparatus and material4 5 Sampling and conditioning.8 6 Test method.9 7 Expression of results11 8 Test report17 Annex A (informative) Examples of autographic tra
14、ces of friction tests on coated fabrics and determination of the variability of kinetic friction.18 Page 3 EN 12826:2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 309 “Footwear“, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given th
15、e status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizatio
16、ns of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 4 EN 12826:2000 1 Scop
17、e This European standard specifies two methods of assessing the frictional properties of lining and insocks, irrespective of the material. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cite
18、d at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition
19、 of the publication referred to applies. EN 12222, Footwear Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of footwear and components for footwear. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply: 3.1 coefficient of static friction ( s ) the ratio of the force nece
20、ssary to cause the tangential separation of two stationary surfaces to the perpendicular force acting upon the two surfaces 3.2 coefficient of kinetic friction ( k ) the ratio of the force necessary to maintain a constant velocity between two surfaces in contact to the perpendicular force acting upo
21、n the two surfaces 3.3 kinetic angle of surface drag (D k ) the angle of the inclined plane at which the test sled will slide down the inclined plane when sliding is initiated by a standard impulse 3.4 static angle of surface drag (D s ) the angle of the inclined plane at which the test sled will sl
22、ide down the inclined plane under its own mass and momentum 4 Apparatus and material The following apparatus and material shall be used: 4.1 Method A 4.1.1 A sled, (150 mm 1 mm) long x (100 mm 1 mm) wide having a mass of 700 g 15 g to which a lining or insock test specimen is attached (see 5.1.1) an
23、d a test specimen support of cellular rubber, or plastics material, 3 mm thick and of medium apparent density. The surface of the sled is flat and smooth or polished. The edges of the sled do not contain any burrs or roughness. Page 5 EN 12826:2000 When laid upon the horizontal bed of the test instr
24、ument the sliding surface of the sled is parallel with the horizontal bed, in full planar contact and without distortion. 4.1.2 A driving mechanism, to move the sled or horizontal bed in such a manner that the relative movement of one with the other can be maintained at a constant velocity of 800 mm
25、/min 80 mm/min. The drive mechanism is automatically disengaged or de-energized at the end of the test run (see 4.1.3). 4.1.3 A flat bed of rigid construction, having a smooth or polished surface to which the comparator material (see 5.1.2) is fixed in such a manner that the comparator material is n
26、ot stretched more than a necessary minimum to remove wrinkles or other non-permanent distortions. The flat bed is of a length to permit a relative surface travel during the test of approximately 400 mm and of a width to permit approximately 50 mm of clearance between the edge of the sled and any edg
27、e obstructions. 4.1.4 A measuring device, in the form of a strain gauge, with an associated autographic recording instrument to determine accurately the force necessary to initiate movement and the force necessary to maintain a constant velocity thereafter. The response time of the recording instrum
28、ent is less than 0,25 s. 4.2 Method B 4.2.1 Instrument for the determination of static angle of surface drag (D s ) 4.2.1.1 Rigid platform, not less than 300 mm long and not less than 100 mm wide and hinged at one end to a baseboard provided with levelling screws. The rigid platform shall be provide
29、d with a spirit level and means for measuring the angle of inclination with an accuracy of 0,5 . 4.2.1.2 A piece of woollen melton cloth 1 ), measuring approximately 250 mm long and 100 mm wide with its length in the cross direction and fixed under slight tension to the platform (see 4.2.1.1) NOTE T
30、he melton cloth should be covered when the apparatus is not in use. It should be replaced at intervals, or if contaminated. 4.2.1.3 Specimen carrier, made of metal, with dimensions as illustrated in figure 1. The total mass of the carrier including the clamping screw shall be adjusted to 300 g by ba
31、lanced boring out of the upper section of the carrier. 1 ) Recommended physical characteristics of woven fabrics: Fibre content: 90 % Wool, 10 % Cotton Weave: 3/1 broken Finish and other details: woollen spun Mass per unit area: min. 650 g/m 2 Threads per unit length: warp: min. 14,6 per cm, weft: m
32、in. 11,0 per cm Breaking strength: warp: min. 355 N per 50 mm, weft: min. 325 N per 50 mm Dimensional change: max. 2,0Page 6 EN 12826:2000 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Suggested arrangement only for locating pins and/or locating lugs 2 Thread locating and securing spindle for specimen carrier top
33、 part Figure 1 Specimen holder for method B 4.2.1.4 Electric motor, suitably geared to tilt the plane of the platform mechanically at a rate of 15 /min 2 /min. 4.2.1.5 Microswitch included in the circuit in series with the electric motor (4.2.1.4) and is positioned at the top end of the platform (4.
34、2.1.1) so that the actuating lever of the switch may be depressed by the back edge of the specimen carrier (4.2.1.3) resting on the melton cloth. A suitable stop shall be provided such that the distance of travel of the specimen carrier between the stop and the contact breaking position of the switc
35、h is 4,5 mm 0,5 mm. The force required to depress the actuating lever of the microswitch shall be between 40 mN and 80 mN. A suitable apparatus is shown schematically in figure 2. Page 7 EN 12826:2000 Key 1 Microswitch 2 Stop 3 Motor 4 Specimen carrier 5 Protractor 6 Spirit level 7 Melton cloth 8 Hi
36、nge Figure 2 Apparatus for method B Mode 1 4.2.2 Instrument for the determination of the kinetic angle of surface drag (D k ) A suitable apparatus is shown in figure 3. Page 8 EN 12826:2000 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Not less than 200 2 Inclination screw 3 Protractor 4 Spirit level 5 Hinge 6 Ar
37、resting bar 7 Specimen carrier 8 Metal roller 9 Pivot Figure 3 Apparatus for method B Mode 2 The rigid platform (4.2.1.1) and the specimen carrier (4.2.1.3) shall be suitable. Means are provided for tilting the rigid platform so that it may be positioned accurately to within 0,5 of a required degree
38、 of inclination. Provision shall be made to impulse the back of the specimen carrier by a force of approximately 3 N in order to initiate sliding (see 6.2.2.2). NOTE The impulse force of 3 N on the back of the specimen carrier can be achieved by a metal cylinder of appropriate dimensions and mass. T
39、his method is however subject to changes in resultant force at different inclinations of the platform. 5 Sampling and conditioning 5.1 Method A 5.1.1 Cut two lining or insock test pieces each measuring 250 mm x 100 mm, one in the longitudinal direction of the lining or insock material and one in the
40、 transversal direction. 5.1.2 Cut two comparator specimens, each not less than 550 mm long x 200 mm wide, from either the lining or insock material under test or from a woollen melton cloth. Page 9 EN 12826:2000 Condition lining or insock pieces and comparator specimens according to EN 12222 for at
41、least 24 h before testing, and carry out the test in this atmosphere. 5.2 Method B Cut six test pieces each 50 mm wide x 120 mm long, with their length in the cross direction, from positions equally spaced across the width of the material but not within 50 mm of an edge. Condition lining or insock t
42、est pieces according to EN 12222 for at least 24 h before testing and carry out the test in an atmosphere similar to that used for conditioning. 6 Test method 6.1 Method A. Flat bed method 6.1.1 Principle A rectangular strip of the lining or insock is mounted with the coating outermost on a sled wit
43、h a strain gauge attached to an autographic recording device. The sled is caused to move over a rigidly mounted horizontal bed to which the comparator material is fastened (either a melton cloth, lining, or insock itself). The force necessary to initiate movement of the sled and then maintain a cons
44、tant velocity is measured. 6.1.2 Procedure Determine the mass in grams of the lining or insock test piece (5.1.1). Mount the test piece on the sled (4.1.1) with the coated surface to be evaluated facing outwards (see figure 4). Page 10 EN 12826:2000 Key 1 Coating under test 2 To force measuring devi
45、ce 3 Foam rubber 4 Sled 5 Bed 6 Vacuum clamp 7 Fine mesh wire gauze 8 To vacuum pump 9 Wire gauze 10 Evacuated channel Figure 4 Illustration of flat bed test apparatus Ensure that the test specimen is not unduly stretched but is under sufficient tension to prevent the material from wrinkling or crea
46、sing during testing as this would affect the results. Mount the comparator specimen (5.1.2) on the flat bed (4.1.3) in a similar manner. Ensure that both surfaces are free of irregularities and foreign matter. Without exerting any additional downward force, place the sled on the flat bed, ensure tha
47、t the autographic recording device (4.1.4) is registering zero and that the chart speed is approximately 600 mm/min. Page 11 EN 12826:2000 Measure and record the ambient relative humidity and temperature. Engage or energize the driving mechanism (4.1.2). NOTE It has been found to be convenient to ov
48、erlap the comparator specimen over the edges of the flat bed and secure it underneath using adhesive tape. Alternatively the comparator may be taped securely within the vacuum channel, or, if the comparator is a thin single face coated fabric, it may be secured by vacuum suction as indicated in figu
49、re 4. 6.2 Method B. Inclined plane method 6.2.1 Principle A sled on which a lining or insock test piece is mounted is placed on a bed of melton fabric that can be raised at an angle to the horizontal. The angle of the inclined plane is gradually increased until the sled slides down the inclined plane. The angle of inclination of the inclined plane is measured and reported as the angle of surface drag. 6.2.2 Procedure 6.2.2.1 Mode 1. Determination of static angl
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