EN 12875-4-2006 en Mechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils - Part 4 Rapid test for domestic ceramic articles《器皿的耐机洗性 第4部分 家用陶瓷物品的快速试验》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN12875-4:2006Mechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils Part 4: Rapid test for domestic ceramic articlesThe European Standard EN 12875-4:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 67.250; 97.040.40; 97.040.60g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g5

2、1g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12875-4:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48085 2Nat

3、ional forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12875-4:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CW/29, Tableware, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on re

4、quest to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI E

5、lectronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers t

6、o understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document compris

7、es a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUR

8、OPISCHE NORMEN 12875-4March 2006ICS 67.250; 97.040.40; 97.040.60English VersionMechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils - Part 4: Rapidtest for domestic ceramic articlesRsistance mcanique au lave-vaisselle des ustensiles -Partie 4: Essai acclr pour les articles en cramique usage domestiqueSplma

9、schinenbestndigkeit von Gegenstnden - Teil 4:Schnellverfahren fr keramische HaushaltsgegenstndeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the

10、status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A

11、 version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Est

12、onia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISC

13、HES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12875-4:2006: EEN 12875-4:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative refe

14、rences 5 3 Principle5 4 Reagents.5 5 Apparatus .6 6 Test specimens6 7 Procedure .6 8 Test report 7 9 Evaluation of test results 8 EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12875-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 194 “Utensils in contact with food”, the secretariat of whi

15、ch is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2006. According to the CEN/CENEL

16、EC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta

17、, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard specifies an accelerated test for the determination of the dishwashing resistance of domestic articles made of ceramics. Furt

18、her parts of EN 12875, under the general title Mechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils that have already been published or are in preparation are as follows: Part 1: Reference test method for domestic articles Part 2: Inspection of non-metallic articles Part 5: Rapid test for ceramic catering

19、articles No satisfactory statistical correlation has been found between results obtained by the accelerated test (EN 12875-4) and by the reference test method (EN 12875-1). Nevertheless the accelerated test is a useful method for predicting the dishwashing resistance of ceramic tableware products fo

20、r domestic use. In case of dispute the test method given in EN 12875-1 is the reference method. It is intended that the inspection procedure given in EN 12875-2 be used to examine domestic ceramic articles which have been subjected to the rapid test. EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Stand

21、ard specifies a rapid method for testing the dishwashing resistance of ceramic articles intended for domestic use. It does not define the number of dishwashing cycles that any given product should withstand. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicat

22、ion of this European standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12875-1, Mechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils Part 1: Reference test method for domestic articles

23、 EN 12875-2:2001, Mechanical dishwashing resistance of utensils Part 2: Inspection of non-metallic articles EN ISO 3696:1995, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Principle Unused specimens of ware are immersed in a static solution of a specified alk

24、aline dishwashing detergent at (75 1) C for a total of 32 hours. The specimens are then examined visually and compared with similar, untested pieces to determine any changes in gloss or colour resulting from detergent attack. 4 Reagents 4.1 Specified detergent The specified detergent shall consist o

25、f the following, in the percentages shown by mass: Thermphos NW124,0 % Plurafac LF 40311,0 % Sodium dichlorisocyanurate 2,3 % Sodium carbonate 10.7 % Sodium metasilicate 25,0 % Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 37,0 % Detergent shall be stored in a waterproof bag in quantities of no more than 1 kg in

26、 a cool and dry atmosphere. It should be used within six months and within one month of opening. 1Thermphos NW and Plurafac LF 403are examples of suitable products available commercially. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an

27、 endorsement by CEN of these products. EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 6 4.2 Detergent solution 0,5 % (m/m) aqueous solution of the specified detergent (4.1) shall be prepared with distilled water or water of equivalent purity (grade 3 water as specified in EN ISO 3696:1995). Sufficient detergent solution shall

28、 be prepared to ensure that the total ware surface area to test solution volume does not exceed 130 cm2/l. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Stainless steel tank with a close-fitting stainless steel lid, capable of holding at least 10 litres of detergent solution. 5.2 Stainless steel rack to support the test specimen

29、s and to separate individual items from the bottom of the tank and from each other, allowing free access for the detergent solution. NOTE Certain materials will inhibit the attack of an alkaline washing agent on ceramic articles. These include aluminium and zinc, and any contact with this type of ma

30、terial should be avoided. 5.3 Hot water bath surrounding the stainless steel tank and capable of maintaining the solution temperature within the test tank at (75 1) C, and fitted with: a) a circulating pump to maintain an even temperature distribution throughout the test tank; b) a temperature monit

31、oring device that records any deviation in the temperature of the solution in the tank during the immersion period. NOTE The bath may be large enough to contain several tanks. 5.4 Inspection site, as specified in EN 12875-2. 5.5 Precision ruler (engineering grade), graduated in millimetres. 5.6 Ther

32、mometer, covering the range 50 C to 90 C in 0,2 C graduations. 6 Test specimens A test specimen shall be any item of ceramic ware that can be completely immersed in the detergent solution. A minimum of four identical pieces of ware shall be available for test. 7 Procedure 7.1 Preparation of test spe

33、cimens 7.1.1 Remove any surface contamination from the test specimens, e.g. by washing the specimens by hand in a mild liquid detergent at about 45 C, followed by rinsing and drying with a clean cloth. 7.1.2 Place the test specimens in the inspection site and examine them with normal corrected visio

34、n from a distance of (30 10) cm, while the viewing angle is changed. All test specimens of a given type shall be of comparable quality in gloss and colour; discard any specimens that are of inferior quality. Retain one specimen as an untested reference standard. EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 7 7.2 Immersion o

35、f test specimens 7.2.1 Determine the surface area of the test specimens. Fill the tank with sufficient water (see 4.2) to completely cover the specimens. Check for compliance with the surface area to volume criterion given in 4.2; if the calculated surface area approaches the critical limit of 130 c

36、m2/l, a greater volume shall be used. NOTE When determining the surface area of flatware, it is sufficient to determine the surface area of a flat disc having the same circumference as the ware. For other types of ware allowance should be made for curvature and for handles, etc. 7.2.2 Cover the tank

37、 and adjust the water bath temperature to give a test tank temperature of (75 1) C. Record the tank temperature. 7.2.3 Add sufficient detergent to give a solution of the correct concentration (see 4.2) in the test tank. Stir well to disperse the detergent. Immediately lower the test specimens, in th

38、e racks, into the tank and cover with the lid. 7.2.4 After 16h 10 min, record the temperature in the tank and remove the test specimens. Rinse the test specimens in hot water and rub dry with a clean cloth (the rubbing action will also remove any loose colour). NOTE Variations of 10 minutes on the i

39、mmersion time have no detectable effect on the result obtained. The immersion time can be measured with any reliable timepiece. 7.2.5 Examine the specimens as described in 7.1.2, comparing tested items with the corresponding untested reference standards and report any changes in gloss or colour usin

40、g the method described in EN 12875-2. 7.2.6 Repeat the immersion procedure for a further 16h 10 min using fresh detergent solution. Remove the test specimens, rinse and dry them as described in 7.2.4. 7.2.7 Re-examine the specimens as described in 7.2.5 after a total of 32 hours immersion. Report an

41、y changes in gloss or colour using the method described in EN 12875-2. 8 Test report The test report shall contain: a) a reference to this European Standard, i.e. EN 12875-4:2006; b) identification of the articles tested (description), e.g. type, origin and designation of the manufacturer or supplie

42、r of the specimens; c) place and date of sampling; d) date of receipt and date of testing of the specimens; e) number of each type of test specimen; f) category of articles according to Table 1 of EN 12875-2:2001; g) average evaluation figures of all inspectors according to Table 2 of EN 12875-2:200

43、1, after 16 hours immersion; h) average evaluation figures of all inspectors according to Table 2 of EN 12875-2:2001, after 32 hours immersion; i) any unusual features noted during the inspections. EN 12875-4:2006 (E) 8 9 Evaluation of test results If there is disagreement about the results of testi

44、ng by different methods, the classification based on the reference test method (EN 12875-1) shall be applied. blankBS EN 12875-4:2006BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4ALBSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the

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