1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12927-8:2004 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons Ropes Part 8: Magnetic rope testing (MRT) The European Standard EN 12927-8:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 45.100 BS EN 12927-8:2004 This British Standard was published under th
2、e authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 27 October 2004 BSI 27 October 2004 ISBN 0 580 44661 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12927-8:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/2
3、0, Aerial ropeways, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI C
4、atalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its
5、 correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interest
6、s informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this docume
7、nt indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN129278 October2004 ICS45.100 Englishversion Safetyrequirementsforcablewayinstallationsdesignedtocarry personsRopesPart8:Magneticropetesting(MRT)
8、Prescriptionsdescuritpourlesinstallationscbles transportantdespersonnesCblesPartie8:Contrles nondestructifsparcontrlelectromagntique SicherheitsanforderungenfrSeilbahnenund SchleppaufzgedesPersonenverkehrsSeileTeil8: ZerstrungsfreiePrfungen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon23August2004. CENmemb
9、ersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmemb
10、er. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Be
11、lgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION E
12、UROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN129278:2004:EEN 12927-8:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and d
13、efinitions .7 4 Symbols and abbreviations 7 5 Principles of operation8 5.1 General8 5.2 Electromagnetic instrument .8 5.3 Magnetic flux instruments 8 5.4 Magnetic flux leakage instruments8 6 Safety principles 9 6.1 General9 6.2 Hazard scenarios .9 6.3 Safety measures 9 7 Safety requirements and/or m
14、easures 10 7.1 Equipment 10 7.2 Personnel11 7.3 MRT procedure.12 8 Verification .13 8.1 General13 8.2 Performance test - LD channel.13 8.3 Performance test - LMA channel14 9 Test report 15 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directi
15、ve 2000/9/EC relating to cableway installations designed to carry persons .16 EN 12927-8:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12927-8:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 242 “Safety requirements for passenger transportation by rope”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This
16、 European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to
17、CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This EN 12927 consists of the following parts, under the genera
18、l title “Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons Ropes”: Part 1: Selection criteria for ropes and their end fixings Part 2: Safety factors Part 3: Long splicing of 6 strand hauling, carrying-hauling and towing ropes Part 4: End fixings Part 5: Storage, transportation
19、, installation and tensioning Part 6: Discard criteria Part 7: Inspection, repair and maintenance Part 8: Magnetic rope testing (MRT) This European Standard forms part of the standards programme adopted by the CEN Technical Board (CEN/BT) in relation to safety requirements for passenger transportati
20、on by rope. This programme comprises the following standards. 1) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Terminology 2) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - General requirements 3) Safety requirements for cableway installations
21、 designed to carry persons - Calculations 4) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Ropes 5) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Tensioning devices 6) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons -
22、 Drive systems and other mechanical equipment 7) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Carriers 8) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Electrical equipment other than for drive systems EN 12927-8:2004 (E) 4 9) Safety require
23、ments for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Civil engineering works 10) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Pre-commissioning inspection, maintenance and operational inspection and checks 11) Safety requirements for cableway installations desig
24、ned to carry persons - Recovery and evacuation 12) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Operation 13) Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Quality assurance Together these form a series of standards regarding design, manufac
25、ture, production, maintenance and operation of all installations for passenger transportation by rope. In respect of ski-tows the drafting of this European Standard has been guided by the works of the International Organisation for transportation by rope (OITAF). According to the CEN/CENELEC Interna
26、l Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherla
27、nds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12927-8:2004 (E) 5 Introduction Magnetic ropes testing is carried out as a supplement to visual rope inspection and is used to ensure the safe operation of ropes in service, with the advantage that i
28、t provides valuable information about the internal condition of the rope. In the context of this document, MRT equipment is categorised as either electromagnetic or permanent magnetic equipment using magnetic-flux and/or magnetic flux leakage principles and capable of detecting discontinuities and/o
29、r changes in metallic cross-sectional area in ferromagnetic wire ropes. The non-destructive magnetic rope testing (MRT) of ferro-magnetic steel wire ropes is a special field often involving the use of dedicated equipment for the testing of particular types of rope. EN 12927-8:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This
30、 part of EN 12927 specifies the minimum requirements of MRT equipment and procedures for use in the examination of steel wire ropes used on cableways for passenger transport. Performance requirements and testing of MRT equipment and qualification of personnel engaged in carrying out MRT are also inc
31、luded. This part of EN 12927 does not include requirements relating to the protection of workers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
32、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1709 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Precommissioning inspection, maintenance, operational inspection and checks prEN 1907:2004, Safety requirements for cableway installations design
33、ed to carry persons Terminology. EN 12385-2:2002, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification. EN 12927-6, Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Ropes - Part 6: Discard criteria. EN 12929-1, Safety requirements for cableway ins
34、tallations designed to carry persons - General requirements - Part 1: Requirements for all installations. EN 12927-8:2004 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 1907:2004, in EN 12385-2:2002 and the following apply. 3.1 single functio
35、n instrument instrument which detects either local discontinuities (LD) or loss of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) 3.2 dual function instrument instrument which simultaneously detects losses of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) and local discontinuities (LD) 3.3 local discontinuity (LD) locali
36、sed fault or defect such as a broken or damaged wire or a corrosion pit on a wire 3.4 background noise random variations in the signal caused by the characteristics of the system 3.5 signature the signals on the test recording display as the rope travels through the test head on the first occasion t
37、hat it is tested. The signature is taken as the datum upon which in-service deterioration effects are referred. The signature reflects the construction of the rope and changes in magnetic characteristics of the rope among its length, e.g. magnetic permeability differences 3.6 test head device on tha
38、t part of the test equipment positioned around the rope during testing which generates the magnetising field and contains the detecting or sensing elements 3.7 wire break (WB) indication from the LD channel of the test equipment specifically identified as an internal or external wire break type 3.8
39、loss of metallic cross sectional area (LMA) LMA is the result of the comparison between a reference metallic cross sectional area and a present metallic cross sectional area of the rope as measured by MRT. It is usually expressed as a percentage 4 Symbols and abbreviations d nominal rope diameter EN
40、 12927-8:2004 (E) 8 5 Principles of operation 5.1 General MRT instruments are designed to operate on one or more of the principles as detailed in 5.2 to 5.4. Loss of metallic cross-sectional area can be determined by using an instrument based on the principles described in 5.2 and 5.3. Broken wires
41、and corrosion can be detected by using a magnetic flux leakage instrument as described in 5.4. One instrument may incorporate both magnetic flux and magnetic flux leakage principles. 5.2 Electromagnetic instrument An electromagnetic wire rope testing instrument works on the transformer principle wit
42、h primary and secondary coils wound around the rope. The rope acts as the transformer core. The primary coil is energised with low frequency alternative current, typically in the 10-to-30-hertz range. The secondary coil measures the magnetisation of the rope. Any significant change in the magnetic c
43、haracteristics in the core will be reflected as voltage changes (amplitude and phase) in the secondary coil. Electromagnetic instruments operate at relatively low magnetic field strength. It is necessary to completely demagnetise the rope before the start of an inspection. This type of instrument ca
44、n only measure loss of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) on a strip chart recorder or other appropriate device. 5.3 Magnetic flux instruments Magnetisation units create a constant flux in a length of the rope as it passes through the instrument (magnetising circuit). The magnetising may be by elec
45、tromagnetic or permanent magnetic equipment. NOTE To be efficient it is essential to be as close as possible to the magnetic saturation of the rope. The total magnetic flux circulating in the rope can be measured either by Hall effect sensors, by coil sensors or by any other appropriate devices that
46、 can measure absolute magnetic fields or variations in a steady magnetic field. The signal from the sensors is processed electronically and the output voltage is directly proportional to the volume of steel or change in metallic cross-sectional area, within the region of influence of the magnetising
47、 circuit. This type of instrument can only measure loss of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) on a strip chart recorder or other appropriate device. 5.4 Magnetic flux leakage instruments Magnetisation units magnetically saturate a length of rope as it passes through the instrument (magnetising circ
48、uit). The magnetising may be by electromagnetic or permanent magnetic equipment. NOTE To be efficient it is essential to be as close as possible to the magnetic saturation of the rope. The magnetic flux leakage created by a discontinuity in the rope, such as a broken wire, can be measured with a sensor, such as Hall effect sensor, sensor coils or by an appropriate device. The signal from the sensor is processed electronically and the output voltage is recorded on a strip chart recorder or other appropriate device (referred to
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