1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12977-2:2012Thermal solar systems andcomponents Custom builtsystemsPart 2: Test methods for solar water heatersand combisystemsBS EN 12977-2:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational f
2、orewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12977-2:2012.It supersedes DD CEN/TS 12977-2:2010 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RHE/25, Solar Heating.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on r
3、equest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75647 4ICS 27.160; 97.100.99Compliance with a
4、 British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12977-2:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NO
5、RM EN 12977-2 April 2012 ICS 27.160 Supersedes CEN/TS 12977-2:2010English Version Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 2: Test methods for solar water heaters and combisystems Installations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Installations assembles faon - Partie
6、2: Mthodes dessai pour chauffe-eau solaires et installations solaires combines Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile - Kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen - Teil 2: Prfverfahren fr solar betriebene Warmwasserbereiter und Kombinationssysteme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 Februa
7、ry 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obta
8、ined on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CE
9、N-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
10、 Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All ri
11、ghts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12977-2:2012: EBS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 82 Normative references 83 Terms and definitions .94 Symbols and abbreviations . 105 System
12、 classification . 126 Test methods . 126.1 Introduction . 126.2 General . 126.3 Materials 136.4 Components and pipework 136.5 Safety equipment and indicators 156.6 Installation . 166.7 Initial operation, inspection and commissioning 166.8 Documentation 176.9 System performance (for small systems onl
13、y) 176.10 Water wastage (for small systems only) 177 Optional performance test of small custom built solar heating systems . 177.1 General . 177.2 Test of the solar collector 187.3 Test of the water store(s) . 187.4 Test of the control equipment . 187.5 Determination of the hot water comfort . 187.6
14、 System simulation model 197.7 Long-term performance prediction . 197.8 Presentation of performance indicators 258 Performance test report . 26Annex A (normative) Reference conditions for performance prediction . 28A.1 General . 28A.2 Pipe diameter and insulation thickness . 30A.3 Calculation of mai
15、ns water temperature at reference location 30A.4 Space heating load . 31Annex B (normative) Additional information regarding the calculation of the fractional energy savings . 37B.1 Definition of a conventional reference water heating system . 37B.2 Calculation of fractional energy savings for other
16、 conditions 37Annex C (informative) Short-term system testing 39C.1 General . 39C.2 Instrumentation, data acquisition and processing . 39C.3 Check of short-term system performance . 41C.4 Short-term test for long-term system performance prediction 44Annex D (informative) Long-term monitoring . 51D.1
17、 General . 51D.2 Evaluation chart 52BS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 3 D.3 Monitoring equipment . 52D.4 Data analysis 52Annex E (informative) Determination of water wastage 53Bibliography 54Figures Figure 1 Energy balance for one-store and two-store solar-plus-supplementary systems 21Figure 2 C
18、omparison of the gross auxiliary energy demand of the solar heating system, Qaux, to the gross energy demand of the conventional heating system, Qconv22Figure 3 Energy balance for solar only systems 24Figure 4 Energy balance for solar preheat systems 25Figure C.1 Principle of the short term system p
19、erformance check: Check and intercomparison of useful energy gain 41Figure C.2 Principle of the short-term test and of the subsequent long term system performance prediction 45Figure C.3 Example of the predicted performance dependence on load level and irradiation for a solar domestic hot water heat
20、ing system (see 8) . 50Tables Table 1 Division for factory made and custom built solar heating systems . 6Table 2 Symbols, definition and unit (1 of 2) 10Table 2 Symbols, definition and unit (2 of 2) 11Table 3 Presentation of system performance indicators for solar-plus-supplementary systems 26Table
21、 4 Presentation of system performance indicators for solar-only and solar preheat systems 26Table A.1 Reference conditions for performance presentation (1 of 2) . 28Table A.1 Reference conditions for performance presentation (2 of 2) . 29Table A.2 External pipe diameter and insulation thickness for
22、forced-circulation systems . 30Table A.3 Data for calculation of the mains water temperature at the reference locations . 31Table A.4 Space heating load file for Stockholm 32Table A.5 Space heating load file for Davos . 33Table A.6 Space heating load file for Wrzburg (1 of 2) 34Table A.6 Space heati
23、ng load file for Wrzburg (2 of 2) 35Table A.7 Space heating load file for Athens Example to be updated 36Table C.1 Variables to be measured and corresponding maximum sampling intervals 43Table C.2 Variables to be measured during system test, and corresponding maximum sampling intervals . 46Table C.3
24、 Range of variations of the driving variables to be scanned during a test outdoors . 47Table C.4 Permissible standard deviation for secondary collector parameters . 49BS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12977-2:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 312
25、“Thermal solar systems and components”, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdraw
26、n at the latest by October 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 12977-2:2010. Accordi
27、ng to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy
28、, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 5 Introduction a) Drinking water quality In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality
29、 of drinking water intended for human consumption caused by the product covered by this document, it should be noted that 1) this document provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA, 2) while awaiting the adoption o
30、f verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. b) Factory made and custom built solar heating systems EN 12976-1, EN 12976-2, EN 12977-1, EN 12977-2, EN 12977-3, EN 12977-4 and EN 12977-5 distinguish two ca
31、tegories of solar heating systems: 1) factory made solar heating systems; and 2) custom built solar heating systems. The classification of a system as factory made or custom built is a choice of the final supplier, in accordance to the following definitions. 1) Factory made solar heating systems are
32、 batch products with one trade name, sold as complete and ready to install kits, with fixed configurations. Systems of this category are considered as a single product and assessed as a whole. If a factory made solar heating system is modified by changing its configuration or by changing one or more
33、 of its components, the modified system is considered as a new system. Requirements and test methods for factory made solar heating systems are given in EN 12976-1 and EN 12976-2. 2) Custom built solar heating systems are either uniquely built or assembled by choosing from an assortment of component
34、s. Systems of this category are regarded as a set of components. The components are separately tested and test results are integrated to an assessment of the whole system. Requirements for custom built solar heating systems are given in EN 12977-1, test methods are specified in EN 12977-2, EN 12977-
35、3, EN 12977-4 and EN 12977-5. Custom built solar heating systems are subdivided into two categories: i) large custom built systems are uniquely designed for a specific situation. In general, they are designed by HVAC engineers, manufacturers or other experts; ii) small custom built systems offered b
36、y a company are described in a so-called assortment file, in which all components and possible system configurations, marketed by the company, are specified. Each possible combination of a system configuration with components from the assortment is considered as one custom built system. Table 1 show
37、s the division for different system types. BS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 6 Table 1 Division for factory made and custom built solar heating systems Factory made solar heating systems (EN 12976-1 and EN 12976-2) Custom built solar heating systems (EN 12977-1, EN 12977-2, EN 12977-3, EN 12977-
38、4 and EN 12977-5) Integral collector-storage systems for domestic hot water preparation Forced circulation systems for hot water preparation and/or space heating/cooling, assembled using components and configurations described in a documentation file (mostly small systems) Thermosiphon systems for d
39、omestic hot water preparation Forced circulation systems as batch product with fixed configuration for domestic hot water preparation Uniquely designed and assembled systems for hot water preparation and/or space heating/cooling (mostly large systems) NOTE 1 Forced circulation systems can be classif
40、ied either as factory made or as custom built, depending on the market approach chosen by the final supplier. NOTE 2 Both factory made and custom built systems are performance tested under the same set of basic reference conditions as specified in EN 12976-2:2006, Annex B and in EN 12977-2:2012, Ann
41、ex A. In practice, the installation conditions may differ from these reference conditions. c) Test methods and procedures for the analysis of large custom built solar heating systems Quality assurance is of primary importance for large custom built systems. The total investment cost for such systems
42、 is higher than for smaller ones, although the specific investment cost (i.e., per m collector area) is lower. In several European countries, the potential of large custom built systems from the point of view of conventional energy savings is much larger than for smaller ones. Moreover, the return o
43、n investment is in many cases more favourable for large systems than for small ones. Hence, both the purchasers of large custom built systems and the governments are interested in efficient, reliable and durable systems, the thermal performance of which may be accurately predicted, checked and super
44、vised. The test methods in this document provide a means of verifying the compliance of large custom built systems with the requirements in EN 12977-1. NOTE 3 Within the framework of the EU ALTENER Programme the project “Guaranteed Solar Results“ (GSR) was addressing similar objectives in respect of
45、 quality assurance (see 7, 8). Similar procedures and monitoring equipment were used as described in Annexes C and D. It might be necessary to update Annexes C and D at a later stage during a revision of this document when more expertise is available. As large custom built systems are by definition
46、unique systems, only general procedures on how to check and supervise them may be given. An additional difficulty in the formulation of procedures is the fact that they have to be adapted to the dimension of the large custom built system considered, which may vary from typically 30 m to 30 000 m of
47、collector area. Therefore, several possible levels of analysis are included (Annexes C and D). The objective of the two short-term system tests presented in Annex C is the characterization of system performance and/or the estimation of the ability of the system to deliver the energy claimed by the d
48、esigner. In principle, two approaches for short-term system testing are referred to in this European Standard: 1) a simplified check of short-term system performance, carried out by intercomparison of the measured thermal solar system heat gain with the one predicted by simulation, using the actual weather and operating conditions as measured during the short-term test; BS EN 12977-2:2012EN 12977-2:2012 (E) 7 2) a short-term test for long-term system performance prediction. The performance of the most relevant components of the solar heating system is measured for a certain time
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