1、BRITISH STANDARD Greenhouses Design and construction Part 1 : Commercial production greenhouses The European Standard EN 13031-1:2001 has the status ofa British Standard ICs 65.040.30 BS EN 1303 1-1 12001 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13031-112001 Amd.
2、No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 06 April 2002 This British Standard is t
3、he official English language version of EN 13031-1:2001. It partially supersedes BS 5502-22:1993 (subclause 15.3.3). The UKparticipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/549, Agricultural buildings and structures, to Subcommittee B/549/1, Structural considerations, which has
4、 the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A
5、 list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cr oss-r e fer enc e s The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled
6、 “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance
7、with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 94, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when
8、the document was last issued. O BSI 06 April 2002 ISBN O 580 39462 X EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13031-1 December 2001 ICs 65.040.30 English version Greenhouses: Design and construction - Part 1 : Commercial prod u ctio n green ho uses Serres: Calcul et construction - Partie
9、 1: Serres de production Gewchshuser: Bemessung und Konstruktion - Teil 1 Kulturgewchshuser This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 April 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status
10、 of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A versi
11、on in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
12、 Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN
13、All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13031-1:2001 E EN 13031-1:2001(E) Contents Page Foreword 3 2 Normative references 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7 5 Design of greenhouse structures 9 6 Serviceability limit states . 10 7
14、Ultimate limit states . 11 8 Tolerances 12 9 Durability. maintenance and repair 18 1 O Actions on greenhouses 18 . 23 Annex A (normative) Structural capacity of cladding 30 Annex B (normative) Wind actions . 34 Annex C (normative) Snow actions . 56 Annex D (normative) Ultimate limit states of arches
15、 . 60 Annex E (normative) Country related factors. coefficients and formulas . 64 Annex F (normative) Owners manual and identification plaque 83 Annex G (informative) Instructions for maintenance and repair 85 Annex H (informative) Structural detailing 86 Annex I (informative) Calculation method for
16、 film covered greenhouses 90 Bibliography . 94 11 Displacements and defle 2 EN 13031-1:2001 (E) Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Techical Committee CEN/TC 284 “Greenhouses”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national st
17、andard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at te latest by June 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2002. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bou
18、nd to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Soain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3 EN 13031-1:2001(E) Introduction Part 1 of this standard relate
19、s specifically to greenhouses used for the professional production of plants and crops where human occupancy is restricted to low levels of authorised personnel. Other parts of this European Standard are to be prepared that relate to greenhouses where general access by the public is permitted (such
20、as those in garden centres or expositions), and to small domestic greenhouses. This European Standard gives rules for structural design and construction of greenhouse structures for the professional production of plants and crops. It is based on ENV 1991 “Eurocode 1 : Basis of design and actions on
21、structures“ as regards the general prin- ciples and requirements for actions, mechanical resistance and stability, serviceability and durability considerations. For structural design considerations, it is similarly based on the relevant parts of ENV 1992 to ENV 1999 (Eurocodes 2 to 9). Complementary
22、 information is provided to account for the particular requirements, functions and forms of commercial production greenhouses that distinguish them from ordinary buildings. Amongst the distinguish- ing functional requirements of greenhouses are the desire to optimise solar radiation transmission to
23、create and maintain an optimal environment for the growth of plants and crops, and commonly, to support the weight of growing plants. These have implications on the form and structural design of commercial greenhouses. Greenhouse designs, based on this European Standard providing specific informatio
24、n about load distributions, deformation criteria and tolerances, adapting rules of Structural Eurocodes, ENV 1991 to ENV 1999, result in adequate structural safety. This is justified because in contrast to normal buildings, greenhouses have specific design working lives and human occupancy is restri
25、cted to low levels of authorised personnel. As rules and requirements of this Standard may become adopted by other European Standards, for example the Structural Eurocodes or codes for Glass in Building - Design of glass panes, these will be replaced by a reference to the adopting European Standard.
26、 Design criteria for the accessibility of the greenhouses, e.g. ascents, workways, walkways, or roof ladders may be part of national legislation. 4 EN 13031-1:2001 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies principles and requirements for the mechanical resistance and stability, serviceability and
27、 durability for design and construction of commercial production greenhouse structures irrespective of material, including their foundations, for the professional production of plants and crops. Fire resistance-related aspects are not covered in this standard. 2 Normative references This European St
28、andard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
29、to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 572-1 , Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part I: Definitions and general physical
30、and mechanical properties EN 572-2, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 2: Float glass EN 572-3, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 3: Polished wired glass EN 572-4, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 4: D
31、rawn sheet glass EN 572-5, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 5: Patterned glass EN 572-6, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 6: Wired patterned glass ENV 1090-1, Execution of steel structures - Part I: General rules and rules for build
32、ings EN 1096-1, Glass in building - Coated glass - Part I: Definitions and classification prEN 1279-1 :I 998, Glass in building - Insulating glass units - Part I: Generalities, dimensional tolerances and rules for the system description EN 1863-1, Glass in building - Heat strengthened soda lime sili
33、cate glass - Part I: Definition and description ENV 1 991 -1 : 1 994, Eurocode I - Basis of design and actions on structures - Part I: Basis of design ENV 1991 -2-1 , Eurocode I: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2- I: Densities, self-weight and imposed loads ENV 1991 -2-3, Eurocode I
34、: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2-3: Actions on structures - Snow loads ENV 1991 -2-4, Eurocode I: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2-4: Actions on structures - Wind actions ENV 1992-1 -1 : 1991 , Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part I- I: General rules
35、 and rules for buildings ENV 1993-1 -1 : 1992, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part I- I: General rules and rules for buildings ENV 1993-1 -3: 1999, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-3: General rules - Supplementary rules for cold formed thin gauge members and sheeting ENV 199
36、5-1 -1 : 1993, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part I- I: General rules and rules for buildings ENV 1997-1 : 1994, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design- Part I: General rules ENV 1998-1 -1 : 1994, Eurocode 8: Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures - Part I- I: General rules -
37、 Seismic actions and general requirements for structures ENV 1999-1 -1 : 1998, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures - Part I- I: General rules - General rules and rules for buildings EN 121 50-1 - Glass in building - Thermally toughened soda lime silicate safety glass - Part I: Definition and
38、description EN 12337-1 - Glass in building - Chemically strengthened soda lime silicate glass - Part I: Definition and description 5 EN 13031-1:2001(E) EN IS0 12543-5:1998, Glass in building - Laminated glass and laminated safety glass - Part 5: Dimensions and edge finishing (IS0 12543-5: 1998) prEN
39、 13474-1 :I 999, Glass in building - Design of glass panes - Part I: General basis of design 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in ENV 1991-1 and ENV 1090-1 and the following apply 3.1 green house structure used for cultivation and/or
40、protection of plants and crops, that optimises solar radiation transmission under controlled conditions, to improve the growing environment of a size that enables people to work within it. 3.2 commercial production greenhouse greenhouse (3.1) for professional production of plants and crops, where hu
41、man occupancy is restricted to low levels of authorised personnel. Other people shall be accompanied by authorised personnel. 3.3 clearance difference between the distance between two opposite cladding bars in their nominal position and the relevant nominal dimension enlarged with the tolerance of a
42、 cladding panel. 3.4 dominant permanent opening opening which cannot be closed under extreme wind conditions and which has a significant influence on the internal pressure. 3.5 deflection the deformation perpendicular to the surface on which the action acts. 3.6 deformation change of shape from a bu
43、ilding structure or part of it. 3.7 displacement change in the position of a point. 6 EN 13031-1:2001 (E) 4 Symbols and abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations are used in this European Standard. Ai a B b D d E F f Ci H h L I M N n P Qi q t C S U Ynt W ze, z, a acr a, Y A AY, ACr P Y,
44、4i v SLS ULS accidental action largest span of a glass panel, distance between wires width smallest span of a glass panel, distance in width direction clearance, coefficient cross sectional dimension of the foundation hole distance, diameter modulus of elasticity force strength of a material permane
45、nt action height of the ridge above ground level length of column (between foundation and gutter) length, span span, distance in length direction moment normal force number permanent action variable action variable action span of a roof thickness displacement or deflection intended fall of the gutte
46、r width reference height of a greenhouse angle of pitch second-order elastic critical load factor second-order elastic-plastic critical load factor partial factor (for actions) deviation deviation from intended inclination lowest positive eigenvalue from linear buckling analysis (Euler) shape coeffi
47、cient intended inclination rotation angle of the cladding bar com bination coefficient (for actions) serviceability limit states ultimate limit states 7 EN 13031-1:2001(E) indices a C cb f gh 91 !P h Iim pe Pi r s SUP SW v wire arch cladding column base friction green house glass gable wall horizont
48、al limit external pressure internal pressure roof section length, span support side wall vertical wire 8 EN 13031-1:2001 (E) Classification Class A a Class B bd 5 Design of greenhouse structures Minimum design working life 15 year 10 year 5 year Al 5 Al O BI5 BIO B5 5.1 General 5.1.1 Greenhouses sha
49、ll be designed by verifying that no relevant limit state is exceeded. The relevant limit states to be considered depend on the class of the greenhouse, which is detailed in 5.2. 5.1.2 Serviceability limit states shall be verified in accordance with clause 6, and ultimate limit states in accordance with clause 7. 5.1.3 Greenhouses shall be designed such that the requirements for tolerances, durability, maintenance and repair given in clause 8 and clause 9 are satisfied. 5.2 Classes of greenhouse structures 5.2.1 General Greenhouses shall be classified in accordance with a minimum des
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